It has passed 10 years since The Society For Korean Language & Literature Corporation Aggregate had offered Nation-wide Test Of Hanja-capability Certificate. Year by year the number applicants grow almost as much as that of College Learning Capability Test. The Test, now become a national license, has great social influence. If not long after, the advantage of this license holder is guaranteed for evaluations of national officers and for employing of teachers, its influence will be more enlarged. Upon this point of time, 10 years from the start of The Test, it will be very meaningful to view in retrospect the footsteps and building environment and to self-evaluate the acting result of, The Society For Korean Language & Literary Research. The Society For Korean Language & Literature, and Korean Hanja Proficiency Test Institute that have lead Co-Using OF Hangul & Hanja Movement. At this paper, we will inspect the language policy of American military administration at Korea at the epoch of liberation from Japan, and the Korean language policy at 1968 and 1969, that become the motive of founding Research Society Of Education For Korean Language & Literature, and also view the meaning of Nation-wide Test Of Hanja-capability Certificate, and the influential role of that for our language education until now, and future prospect.

The Chinese characters education for the elementary school students in Korea had been officially forbidden in its exercise because of the Exclusive KOREAN Usage Policy until the few cities and provinces had begun to activate the school discretion time(學校 아량 時間) during The 6th Curriculum period. However, such program had also been neglected for the English texts due to the worldwide expansion progressive movement of the civilian government: so, THE 7th Curriculum had also been unable to establish a legal foundation executing the Chinese characters education. Some says that we can initiate the Chinese characters education through the free time activity(雅量 活動). However, Ministry of EDUCATION & Human Resources Development is currently advising a creative method of educational operation rather than performing the elementary school students free time activity with textbook formats. An abstract about the Chinese characters education must be discussed based upon the Chinese characters curriculum in the elementary school education. However, the nationalized curriculum has not yet been created and it is difficult to find its reference. Only, we can look over the Chinese characters education of elementary school students through the Chinese Characters Curriculum in Elementary Schools standardized by Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education: the content is as follows, Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education explains the Chinese characters education evaluation in elementary schools divided in large areas of evaluation index, evaluation method, and activities of the evaluation outcomes. First, the evaluation index is located as limited fields of Chinese characters(漢字), language(漢字語), and words/phrases(漢字語句) for the elementary school students while the evaluation direction is described to avoid flowing in to grammar or knowledge evaluation. Second, the evaluation method is to be balanced in each areas lesson contexts Chinese characters, language, and words/phrases: but, the Chinese characters evaluation must include suggesting in relation to the format(形), sound(音), and meaning(義) while the language evaluation must show the daily linguistic skills, and the words/phrases focused upon understanding the meaning and its comprehension. Third, the Chinese characters education evaluation of elementary schools should not only be used in achieving the students advancement in their academic performance but also the instruction/teaching methods for the Chinese education. The 7th Curriculum is the student-oriented Curriculum based upon independence and creativity. Therefore, the evaluation method must have a thorough, alternative plan suited for such spirit. This is not the end result-centered evaluation but rather it should shift its gear towards the learning-centered evaluation. For such occurrence, the teachers instructional and teaching method needs to be progressed according to the students-oriented activity education rather than of the one that is teacher-oriented. Moreover, a profound improvement planning is requested for the education department for the elementary school Chinese education as with The 7th Curriculum being activated. In order to successfully pursue the students-oriented education that the Curriculum program appoints to, the free time activity operation needs to be expanded of its liberality. Additionally, the nationalized level of Chinese characters education process in elementary school that coincides with The 7th Curriculum program must be prepared as well.

This study is on the evaluation of Chinese letters in Middle School based on the 7th Curriculum. This consists of two parts, which are about the theories and models of making evaluation items and analysis of the items, First, we have to master the theories of the evaluation and practice by making a lot of items to make good evaluation items, The theories of objective test are as follows. If it is a question of the concept of a word, you have to ask the concept and you have to present 5 choices that explain the word. Also the right answer must be very plausible. If there is any logical order among the choices, we have to arrange them in logical order. And we have to ask a question with a positive sentence. if possible. The evaluation of Affective Domain is to estimate the degree of the accomplishment of learning objectives in Affective Domain: cooperation, responsibility, law observance, and the sense of self, and interests, belief, values, attitude and so on . Usually observance method is used in Affective Domain evaluation. The process of attaining an item has 5steps : recognition, response, value, organization, and personification by Bloom`s theory. Performance assessment is to evaluate the ability of using one`s knowledge and skills in various actual situations. It has many kinds of methods. They are predicative evaluation. orihect, misreading analysis method, portfolio, thought-note method, and cyber evaluation through computers. Second, this part is on the analysis of evaluation items. To analysis evaluation items precisely, we must know fully the following theories: validity, reliability, objectivity, difficulty, discrimination and so on. Also we can examine an item`s difficulty. the degree of the attraction of a wrong answer and the degree of negative discrimination between items with a computer examination-analysis program. In the analysis of the evaluation items in Affective Domain and Performance Assessment, it is important to get Local Item Dependence, that is the success of one item can influence the success of another item. Evaluation has a large part of learning. Consequently, we have to make a lot of studies and efforts about the development of Affective Domain evaluation and Performance Assessment besides objective test.

Deuk Gu Shin(1850-1900), Nongsan as a pen name, was the Confucian scholar, who had lived between King Chuljong and King Gojong. As you know, in the Chosun Dynasty, on the basis of cultivating the mind, managing the home, governing the country, and pacifying the world, Confucian scholars tried to cultivate their own mind in advance in order to rule others. And so, in order to cultivate their own mind, they tried to make their own will sincere and their own mind right . And then, in order to develop their own sincere will and right mind, they tried to abandon their own desires and follow the laws of nature. Because the origin of this moral philosophy study had been from Jeongia and Chu Hsi in China, and Toigye and Yulgok in Chosun, in case of violating the teaching of these originators, they killed each other as heretics. Also, in case of arguing their own new theory, they ruined both themselves and their family. So, this moral philosophy study could not progressed a little from the theory of Chu Hsi. Here, Scholar Deuk Gu Shin could not be the except but the case for a victim as such heretic. In that his "Rikiron" and "Insimdosimbo" had infringed the theory of Yulgok. his controversy with Byung Seon Song(1836-1905), Yunjae as a pen name, occurred, so that, as the party of Yunjae demolished his house, destroyed his furniture, and tried to exile him far from the capital, owing to these oppression, suppression, and pressure eventually he committed suicide.

In 21century, informational age makes an amazing changes and development of life. but on the other hand, it gives us a critical crisis in literature. after all, many people become to prefer convenient mass media, such as movies, videos, and televisions to reading books devastating their times. among them the lyricism , represented by the Chinese character poetry , has lost its` existential basis because it is far from the demand of the moderns, who only seek after the interest and practicality. The Chinese poem should not be treated lightly in the aspect of its role : Firstly, it can stimulate the cold-hearted modern people`s sensibility. Secondly it make us discern the ancestors` wisdom of life through the poem. Thirdly it can give us an indirect experience with our imagination. Lastly it can let us appreciate the typically refined language of its own. It is a matter of course that we have to devise an efficient teaching methods of Chinese poem (which enable the students to learn it more easily and excitingly) instead of pattern drill memorizing method to deliver the value of it. Nowadays it changes extremely rapidly through the power of machine civilization. And there are many people who doubt the value of the past literature, Chinese poem not only cure and complement the dark side of mechanical development era, but also stimulate our emotion and be our mental resources stimulating our mind.

Letters are signs that are used for exchanging thoughts between people. Letters can be made, developed and changed at any time, and they have the possibility of being simplified for convenience. The ancient system of Chinese characters was complicated because the characters originated from drawings. They were eventually changed, step by step, into a simple style easy for usage. In the 1950s-60s, China simplified its characters, which had been inconvenient to use for a long period. A number of characters that were generally useless were dropped, and a number of common but complicated characters were simplified. This process involved the simplification of characters, the reduction of the number of characters retained for common use. the design of new characters and the redesign of a few characters, the abbreviation of complicated spellings, and the changing of some characters to a new style. The motivation of all this change was to make it far easier to learn to read and write Chinese. However, there are weaknesses in the new simplified system, compared with the traditional style, primarily because simplification often ignored the traditional method of forming letters. This has resulted in major difficulties in understanding altered characters. It would have been better to analyse all Chinese characters according to the traditional theory before modern simplification had been undertaken. Because this was neglected, there are many modern characters that are not formed according to the traditional method. I have summarily studied all simplified characters from ancient to present-day China, but I have emphasized modern simplified characters. I studied ancient characters that evolved into simpler forms before analysing modern characters. I also studied some of the methods used recently to simplify characters and the resulting characters themselves. In addition I point out the reasonable and unreasonable aspects of those methods, and show some advantages and disadvantages of the simplified characters

Jin San Seo-Go(釜山世철) is a collection of prose and poetry of Hoe-Baek Kang (a scholar and a civil minister during the late period of the Korea dynasty, the early period of Chosen dynasty), his son Seok-Deuk Kang, and his grandson Hei-Ahn Kang, This collection was edited by Hei-Ahn Kang, a brother of Hei-Ahn Kang. Hei-Ahn Kang wrote a history of his father and grandfather. These 4 persons are the origin of family’ s study. This collection consists of a history of three men and their family members in a direct line: and describes of its compilation and organization: and reviews of authers literature. This collection is a book in four volumes, the first volumes contains Hoe-Baek Kang’ s prose and poetry, the second one is for Seok-Deuk Kang’ s work, and the third one is Hei-Ahn Kang’ s literature, the last one is Hei-Ahn Kang’ s Yang Hwa So Loek. Jin San Seo Go was edited by Hei-Ahn Kang, he asked its publication to Jong-Jick Kim, a governor of Ham Yang. This book is not big, but its poetry is bright, neat and exact in form, and has elegant style and rich in poetic emotion. Moreover, this book is well-constructed and high-toned rhythm. There are no mistakes in composition. This outstanding work is a result of several generation’ s study and due to great teachers. Hoe-Baek Kang studied metaphysics from Geun Koen, Geun Koen was a best student of Saek Lee. Hoe-Baek Kang kept company with Mong-Jun Jeong, Sung-In Lee, Seok-Deuk Kang was a student of Hang Lee, and Hang Lee was a friend with Saek Lee. Seok-Deuk Kang was excellent in poetry and handwriting, specially he studied Chiness scholar, Yo Jong and Hei-ji Wang’ s handwriting, therefore his son, Hei-Ahn Kang was a genius in this field. Hei-Ahn Kang was a disciple of Heo Yoon, and he was a man of integrity, Hei-Ahn Kang did not want to live within his means, reputation, nor ambitions for success. He was a scholar in Jib Hyun Jeon during the era of the Sejong. His poetry, painting, and handwriting were the best in known. Hei-Mang Kang, his younger brother, showed excellency in the literature and was great government official, also. He passed the civil service examination, and served as a minister of the Ceremonies Board. He wrote all of the important documents of the country. Moreover, his descendants served for country as civil ministers and great scholars.

The main purpose of this study is to define the educational philosophy of Wandang, Kim Jung Hee through his writings and arts. Wandang has been receiving much recognition as a metaphysicist, practical-scientist, writer and artist. But most of the studies on him have placed too much stress on a specific field of his work to prove his real worth on the whole. Moreover not a single research work on his educational philosophy has been found yet. If it is true that a man’s life and his ideology is the same, Wandang’s ideology could be learned through studying his life. It could be also said that his writings and works of art display his thoughts. In Chapter II, Wandang’s educational philosophy is more carefully examined. It is based on Wandang’s doctrine, ‘You can’t be a man of ability without education,’ which talks about the importance of education. And it is also based on his doctrine, ‘Education is to realize the morality of sages,’ which tells us about the purpose of education. His educational philosophy is examined through his writings about traditional Confucianism and practical-science, and his literature of poetry that he had wanted to show his feeling. It is also examined through his works of art and the theories of the art works. At this point, the ultimate purpose of education is to realize the morality of sages. To accomplish it. first of all it is needed to succeed in the literature of poetry based on the spirit of practical-science which is ‘You need to seek truth based on facts’ and also to be followed by studying constantly. It shows again that all studies and arts need to have some aroma, which comes from beautiful phrases and magical power to lead a person. Finally this study shows the thought of Wandang that good teachers and fine educational environment is necessary to bring up a man of ability. The outcome of this study is to define Wandang, Kim Jung Hee as an educator that has not been studied yet. His educational philosophy should be discussed later on. Since this is the first study of it, there might be a lot of unsatisfied things in many respects. I will make up for those unfinished ones in the further studies afterwards. The aspects of the education of Chosun are different from those of the modern education. But it should give us a chance to examine the education of the present through the education of the past. that is the usefulness of this study, and these kinds of studies should be in progress with other figures. It would help the traditional education contribute to the present education, which could become the basis of our future education.

This paper is a part of the study on the origin of literature that Mok-Eun pursued. The content of Chinese Classics of Confucianism are much found in Mok-Eun’s poems. Considering this fact, the study examines how Mok-Eun alludes and claims the content of Chiness Classics of Confucianism such as The Great Learning, The Analects of Confucius, The Works of Mencius, and The Right Path, and finds out characteristics of Mok-Eun’s poems through this examination. The following are the summary of the substance discussed in the study. Firstly, Mok-Eun alludes mostly Samkangryeong(three Confucius doctrines scholars should keep) from The Great Learning. This fact reveals the idealistic characteristics in his poems. Secondly, the book that Mok-Eun cites heavily is The Analects of Confucius. Especially he alludes much to An-Hoe’s historical event called Dan-pyo-nu-hang. This fact shows that Mok-Eun bore love of learning, contentment with poverty and delight in the Taoist way in spite of his high public position. Third, Mok-Eun cites chiefly Mencius’s political thought. exhausted energy, and theory that man has good spirit by nature. For example, Mok-Eun’s poem, ’27th Day’. is almost similar to a part of a chapter called Jinsimjang in The Works of Mencius in the content, not formal aspect. Forth. Mok-Eun made poems. understanding the history and content of The Right Path. Among the contents alluded from the book, he used very much the phrase called Yeonbieoyak(Tao is infinite and subtle). Though he could not see the subtle reason. he tried to explain the reason by giving shape to it. This reveals his pursuit for the philosophical reason in The Right Path. This Study can be considered only a draft because it examines Mok-Eun’s poetic thought only relating his poems to The Four Books of Ancient China. Therefore, it necessary to make close examination of the allusion from the whole Chinese Classics of Confucianism in Mok-Eun ‘s poems to understand clearly his literary thought. In addition, the study need include the advanced examination of the allusion from Chiness Classics of Confucianism in poems by Mok-Eun’s contemporaries to establish the history of Korean literature in Chinese character when Sung Confucianism was accepted in Korea. But the advanced examination will be carried out at the next study.