Background : Lentinus edodes are highly utilized as food and medicine, and are known to be suitable for preventing diabetes, high blood pressure and arteriosclerosis. L. edodes were known for prevent obesity metabolisms. Also, present consumers persue the healthy and thin condition. Our research perpose is determined the prevent obesity using L. edodes extracts. Methods and Results : The effect on adipocyte differentiation and the accumulation of fat in the L. edodes extract on 3T3-L1 cell preadipocyte and cell toxicity were tested. We measurement to evaluate the inhibition effects of L. edodes extracts on the growth of 3T3-L1 cell adipocytes. The tested cells were treated with L. edodes extracts by ethanolic extracts (concetrations at 10, 50, 100 ㎍/㎖) and hot water extracts (temperature at 50℃, 60℃, 70℃, 80℃, 90℃), respectively. Cell toxicity did not affect the growth of cells growth in hot water extracts. Intracellular lipid accumulation was measured by Oil red O method. The inhibitory effect on 3T3-L1 cell by treatment different ethanolic extract concentrations and temperature of hot-waters. The optimal inhibitory conditions of lipid accumulation by ethanoic extracts and hot water extracts were determined the 32.5% ethanol extracts and 33.3% 50℃ hot water extracts. Conclusion : The results of this study showed that L. edodes extracts had an potentials for reduce lipid accumulation activities. Further more we will examine about the mechanisms of anti obesity activities from L. edodes extracts. This results provides that the basis for antiobesity foods or medicines using Lentinus edodes extracts.

Background : Lentinula edodes contain a variety of biosurgical substances and a large amount of beta-glucan, which is known for immune-boosting effects. L. edodes was cultivated in nation wide of Korea. And, almost farmhouse using imported strains from Japan and China. Therefore, this study was conducted to prove the excellence of domestic strains to replace imported strains. Methods and Results : In this study, beta-glucan content, which is a unique immune component of domestic and imported strains, was compared to the native immune component of domestic L. edodes strains and imported L. edodes strains. In this test, the Korean strains such as Baekwahyang, Sanjo303ho, Suhyanggo, Cheonbaekgo, and the imported L. edodes strains is Mori290, Moriyujiro. The analysis results are as followings. The proximate compositions were ranged 3.74 - 5.50% in ash, 15.22 - 25.84% in crude protein, 0.93 - 1.43% in crude fat, 6.95 - 9.89% in crude fiber of Korean L. edodes strains and imported L. edodes strains, respectively. Major minerals of Korean L. edodes strains and imported L. edodes strains were potassium (684 - 904.05 ㎎%), calcium (0.46 - 0.65 ㎎%), sodium (8.77 - 11.01 ㎎%), magnesium (30.45 - 33.93 ㎎%). The content of beta-glucan from Korean L. edodes strains and imported L. edodes strains were ranged from 35.69% to 38.68%. Conclusion : As the results of chemical analysis were showed the no difference between Korean L. edodes strains and imported L. edodes strains. These results are meaning that the Korean L. edodes strains quality of the components is not inferior to imported strains. We expected that the Korean L. edodes strains could replace imported L. edodes strains.

Background : Hair care products are mainly prepared by mixing chemicals and natural extracts, such as those obtained from medicinal plants. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 70% ethanolic extracts from the whole plant of Houttuynia cordata and tymosin β4 powder mixtures on the growth of HaCat cells, hair follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPC), and 3T3-L1 cells. Methods and Results : In the ratio of tymosin β4 more than 10% concentrations, the cell viability of HaCat and HFDPC cell were increased by higher tymosin β4 concentrations. The mixtures of 70% ethanolic extract of H. cordata and tymosin β4 had no toxicity potential to 3T3-L1 cell viability. In this test, the content of thymosin β4 was higher concentration, as the anti-inflammatory effect was increased. The lipid differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells adipogenesis rate significantly increased in a treatment concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion : These results suggest that a optimal mixture ratio of hair growth effect was 70% ethanolic extract of H. cordata solution 50% and tymosin β4 solution 50%. This mixture solution could be used in the development of hair care products.

Background : Miscanthus is a species of flowering plant in the family poaceae, native to Eastern Asia throughout most of China, Japan, Taiwan and Korea. It is diploid hybrid grass used as bioenergy plant, biomass production and high quality of cellulose and ethanol production. It is an herbaceous perennial grass, growing up to 0.8 - 3.0 m tall, rarely 4.0 m, forming dense clumps from an underground rhizome. Recently, Studies on Miscanthus have been carried out on the growth characteristics and to see the antioxidant difference of Miscanthus for functional materials in various regions. Methods and Results : This study carried out the antioxidant activities of Miscanthus collected from different countries of origin. Two hundred one accessions of Miscanthus were collected in 7 countries (China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, U.S.A, Zambia). Initially, each leaves were extracted with 70% ethanol to determine actioxidant activty. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity. The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity showed in the accession [M. sinensis ‘Kleine Silberspinne (little silver spider)’] from U.S.A (RC50: 10.66 ± 15.46 ㎍/㎖) and the lowest showed in the accession (M. sinensis ‘Supr Stripe’) from U.S.A (RC50: 188.03 ± 0.86 ㎍/㎖). The ABTS radical scavenging activity showed the highest in the accession (No.401: JM0310.002) from Japan (RC50: 17.97 ± 3.26 ㎍/㎖) and the lowest showed in the accession (M. sinensis ‘Supr Stripe’) from U.S.A (RC50: 416.88 ± 10.05 ㎍/㎖). Conclusion : The antioxidant activity of Miscanthus showed in average DPPH radical scavenging activity (RC50: 74.05 ± 3.74 ㎍/㎖) and ABTS radical scavenging activity (RC50: 81.46 ± 3.95 ㎍/㎖). In this study, it may be used for feed crops or food crops as a functional material.

Background : Miscanthus sinensis is a C4 crop with high photosynthetic efficiency and is known as a representative cellulose-based bio-energy crop originating in East Asia such as Korea, Japan, and China. It also has a high resistance to environmental conditions such as low temperature and drying and pests. However, many studies on the antioxidant activity of the M. sinensis have not been conducted. Therefore, this study was conducted to measure total phenol and total flavonoid contents of the M. sinensis accessions collected from some countries and to select the M. sinensis accessions with rich total phenol and total flavonoid contents. The results of this study can be used as basic data for future breeding. Methods and Results : This study carried out the total phenol and total flavonoid contents analysis of M. sinensis collected from different country to preserve genetic resources. Total 205 accessions of M. sinensis were collected from the USA, China, Korea, Japan, Thailand and Zambia. Their leaves were extracted with 100% methanol and concentrated at 45℃. To determine total phenol and total flavonoid contents, we measured the total phenolic content and total flavonoid content. The highest total phenolic conten t(81.04 ± 0.02 ㎎·GAE/g) showed in the accession (PMS-178) from China. The highest total flavonoid content (32.66 ± 0.01 ㎎·QE/g) showed in the accession (KMS104) from Korea. On the other hand the lowest total phenolic content (1.11 ± 0.00 ㎎·GAE/g) and the total flavonoid content (0.81 ± 0.00 ㎎·QE/g) were obtained from the accession (M. sinensis ‘Super Stripe’) from USA. Conclusion : In this study, we analysed the total phenolic and total flavonoid contents by country of origin.

Background : Stevia rebaudiana (Asteraceae), a perennial plant, has been used as a low caloric sweetener and therapeutic agent for diabetes, hypertension, myocardial, and antimicrobial infections. It has been commonly used leaves and stems because of their high anti-oxidative potential. The present research was carried out to explore anti-oxidative and anti-melanogenic effects of aqueous extract of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni flos in B16F10 cells. Methods and Results : Anti-oxidant activity of Stevia flos extract (SFE) was determined by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, nitric oxide (NO) radical scavenging method, and reducing power method. The results showed that the total phenolic content of SFE was 63.154 ± 0.0002 ㎍·QE/100㎎ and the total flavonoid was 8.64 1 ± 0.002 ㎍·GAE/100㎎. SFE exhibited a big significant effect on NO radical scavenging activity (IC50: 179.6 ㎍/㎖) comparing with standard ascorbic acid (IC50: 368.6 ㎍/㎖), and showed concentration dependent DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50: 131.8 ㎍/㎖). Anti-melanogenic effect of SFE was also examined with B16F10 melanocytes. The amount of melanin synthesis followed by α-melanocyte stimulating hormone on B16F10 cells were significantly reduced in the presence of SFE treatment (p < 0.05). SFE also suppressed the tyrosinase activity (p < 0.05) and α-glucosidase activity (p < 0.05). Conclusion : These results provide evidence Stevia rebaudiana flos has an antioxidant potency and can be used as an anti-melanogenic agent.

Background : It is known that Platycodon grandiflorum has anti-inflammatory activity and inhibits the production of nitric oxide (NO) in inflammatory macrophages. But the change of bioactivity of platycodon grandiflorum according to steaming is not well known. In this study, We investigated the effects of steaming on anti-inflammatory activity of 70% ethanol extracts of platycodon grandiflorum. Methods and Result : The cytotoxicity of RAW264.7 cells treated with platycodon grandiflorum extracts was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and the concentration of NO in culture supernatants were determined using nitric oxide (NO) assay. And western blotting was performed to quantify the expression of iNOS, a protein related to NO production. As a results, it was confirmed that no cytotoxicity was observed at 25, 50 and 100 ㎍/㎖ platycodon grandiflorum extracts in RAW264.7 cells. The production of NO and the expression of iNOS were induced by LPS and suppressed by all platycodon grandiflorum extracts in proportion to the number of steaming in RAW264.7 cells. Conclusion : These results suggest that a steaming process can increase anti-inflammatory activity of platycodon grandiflorum extracts.

Background : Codonopsis lanceolata is a perennial herb called as ‘Deodeok’ (더덕) in Korea. The roots of C. lanceolate has been reported to have some antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The chemically reactive saponins of C. lanceolata might be used as a capping agent for the surface of ZnO nanoparticle, ultimately making it a highly efficient photocatalyst. Methods and Results : In this paper, we report the one-pot green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles via precipitation method using root extract of C. lanceolata. The structure of green synthesized Cl-ZnO NPs was characterized using XRD, EDX, DLS and morphology using TEM. The FT-IR exhibited the information about the functional groups that capped the metal nanoparticle and the formation of metal NPs was confirmed by UV–vis spectra at 356nm. The Cl-ZnO NPs were evaluated for their catalytic activity by measuring the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye in aqueous solution under UV light (365 ㎚). The result showed efficient degradation of MB, which was degraded 70% within 30 min by Cl-ZnO NPs. Conclusion : This study proves that the green route synthesized ZnO NPs from the root extract of C. lanceolata are low cost, time efficient, bio-degradable and non- toxic. The UVvis spectra confirmed the synthesis of ZnO NPs from C. lanceolata root extract. The Cl- ZnO NPs mediated catalysis exhibited high photocatalysis rate in short time. Ultimately, the green rapid synthesized Cl-ZnO NPs from root extract can be used as an efficient

Background : Panos extract is a mixture of four Panax plant extracts namely Dendropanax morbifera, Panax ginseng, Acanthopanax senticosus and Kalopanax septemlobus. We intended to use Panos extract for ZnO nanoparticles(NPs) synthesis and application for waste water treatment. Methods and Results : In the present study, we have synthesized Panos ZnO nanoparticles via co precipitation method. Characterization of the NPs has been done using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-Visible spectroscopy. An average of 75% efficacy in degrading the methylene blue dye has been observed. The nanoparticles showed antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. Conclusion : The results shows that Panos ZnO NPs can be a potential eco-friendly and economical tool for waste water management in the current scenario where there an intense urge to remediate the polluted environment through novel approaches such as Nanobiotechnology.

Background : For the green approach of nanoparticles synthesizing, plant based technology has been considered as cost-effective and eco-friendly mass production. The oriental medicinal crop, Kalopanax septemlobus (Thunb.) Koidz. (Korean name: 음나무), the deciduous tree and a family of Araliaceae. Endemic tree of Asian countries, K. septemlobus being used for the treatment of various diseases. Phytochemicals of K. septemlobus such as polyphenols has highly probability of reducing agent for biosynthesizing nanoparticles. Methods and Results : In this study, we applied K. septemlobus ZnO nanoparticles (Ks-ZnO NPs) with procedures including green approach one-pot synthesis. For the characterization of nanoparticles, UV–Vis, FTIR, XRD, SEM and TEM were used. The formation of ZnO nanoparticles, the aurface plasmon resonance were observed at 372 ㎚ in UV-Vis spectroscopy. The presence of functional groups which as a capping agent and formation of ZnO nanoparticles were confirmed in FTIR result. The crystallization and morphology showed by XRD, TEM and SEM respectively. The photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles, was determined using Methylene blue (MB) dye degradation under UV irradiation (365 ㎚) which resulted rate constant is (−k) 0.1215 with 97.5% of degradation in 30 min. Conclusion : The result shows that phytochemicals in K. septemlobus extract have a potential as a reducing agent to form ZnO nanoparticles. The ZnO NPs are capable to degrade MB with in brief time.

Background : The licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) is one of the Mongolian traditional useful medicinal plants. The roots and rhizomes are rich in triterpenoids, flavonoids and glycosides. It is have been employed clinically for their antiinflammatory, antiulcer, antimicrobial and anxiolytic activities. In this study, we was undertaken to explore the phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity and total flavonoid content of G.uralensis. Methods and Results : In vitro culture related greenhouse, field growing G. uralensis and the wild type roots were dried in shade and grind in mechanical grinder. 1 g of powdered roots were extracted in 25 ㎖ of methanol with concentration of 40 ㎎/㎖. The antioxidant activity and total flavonoid contents were investigated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryldydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging assay and aluminium trichloride method, respectively. The production of glycyrrhizic acid determined by thin layer chromatography. In the phytochemical screening showed presence of secondary metabolites flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids and tannin. The extract possessed potent antioxidant activity having IC50 value 2,000 ㎍/㎖ (59.97 ± 2.55) in wild type and 1,000 ㎍/㎖ (68.73 ± 3.99) in greenhouse samples. Field grown G.uralensis roots extract gave highest total flavonoid content with 30.21% compared with wild type and greenhouse grown samples (16.71% and 10.71%). Conclusion : Based on the results of investigations, G. uralensis is a potent source of novel bioactive compounds. Further investigations regarding more biological activities by high sensitive techniques such as HPLC and GC-MS need to be conducted.

Background : Medicinal wild vegetables refer to wild medicinal plants whose aerial parts are edible. Recent researches for developing a functional food product from medicinal wild vegetables have been actively reported. The objective of this study is to test anti-diabetic activity of 2 medicinal wild vegetables, Allium victorialis and Aster koraiensis. Methods and Results : The medicinal wild vegetables were extracted using water and ethanol. Several medicinal wild vegetables were screened for anti-diabetic activity using α-glucosidase inhibitor screening test (colorimetric). It utilizes the ability of an active α-glucosidase to cleave a synthetic substrate and releasing a chromophore (OD 410 ㎚). In the presence of an α-glucosidase specific inhibitor, the enzymatic activity is greatly reduced which is detected by a decrease of absorbance readings. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of acarbose was compared with wild vegetables extracts at 1 ㎎/㎖. And A. victorialis and A. koraiensis extracts were selected. α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of A. victorialis and A. koraiensis extracts were confirmed in various concentration. Conclusion : These results suggest that A. victorialis and A. koraiensis could be good candidates for anti-diabetic material.

Background : Cudrania tricuspidata Bureau belonging to the mulberry family has attracted much attention as a nutrition ingredient many times as many as the mulberry tree. In this study, we examined the inhibitory effect of hot water extract of Cudrania tricuspidata Bureau fruits (CT-F) on inflammation and inflammatory diseases such as diabetes and gastiritis in cell-level experiments and animal models using mice. Methods and Results : The inhibitory effect of CT-F was investigated in LPS_stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Treatment with CT-F significantly inhibited the production of inflammatory mediators such as NO, IL-6 and TNF-a. The inhibitory effect of CT-F was shown to be related to inhibition of NF-kB activation in LPS-stimulated macrophages. In in vivo diabetic models using mice, treatment of CT-F lowered the level of blood glucose in alloxan-induce type-1 diabetic model as well as db/db type-2 mice model. CT-F also dramatically inhibited gastiritis induced by EtOH/HCl in mice. Conclusion : Hot water extract of Cudrania tricuspidata Bureau fruits was effective for inhibition of inflammation, diabetes and gastirits. Therefore, CT-F is thought to be a beneficial candidate for development of functional foods to prevent inflammation-associated diseases.

Background : Black ginseng is known to be effective product made with ginseng. In general, most black ginseng is manufactured by high teperature condition (90 - 95℃). However this temperature condition may not be optimal to obtain ginsenoside components beneficial for inhibition of diabetes. Here, we examined anti-diabetic effect of black ginseng manufactured by low low temperature process. Methods and Results : For diabetes induction, ICR mice were intraperitoneally injected with alloxan (50 ㎎/㎏). Mice were administered orally with 1 or 3 ㎎/mouse of the extract of black ginseng (BG-L) manufactured with low temperature (80℃), and its anti-diabetic effect was evaluated by measuring the level of glucose in blood. The consecutive administration of BG-L extract resulted in a significant decrease of glucose. In oral and intravenous glucose tolerance test (OGTT and IVGTT, respectively), administration of BG extract significantly reduced the level of glucose in blood within 20 min after glucose treatment. And its suppressive effect on glucose tolerance was effective not only pre-treatment but also post-treatment of BG extract. Oral administration of BG extract enhanced the level of insulin in blood, and decreased the amount of water consumption in alloxan-induced diabetic mice 5 days after alloxan treatment. In addition, BG-L significantly inhibited the level of blood glucose in db/db type-II diabetic mice. Conclusion : These results suggest that the black ginseng extract manufactured manufactured with low temperature (80℃) is a promising candidate applicable to the development of anti-diabetic nutraceutical foods and drugs.

Background : Aralia continentalis Kitag. (syn. = A. cordata Thunb., Araliaceae) is a traditional medicinal herb spread widely in northeastern Asia, including Korea, China, and Japan. Many constituents from its root extracts, including diterpene and essential oils, have been isolated as active components for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, sedative, antifungal, anti-thrombotic, and growth inhibition. In this study, we describe the structural determination of the two new compounds. Materials and Results : The roots of A. continentalis were collected in Namwon-si, Jeollabuk-do, Korea, in March 2018 and identified by one of the authors (Dr. S. S. Hong). The roots of A. continentalis were extracted with 70% EtOH two times at room temperature. The concentrated residue was subsequently suspended in H2O and partitioned with n-hexane, CH2Cl2, EtOAc and n-BuOH. The n-hexane, CH2Cl2, and EtOAc layer were subjected to sequential column chromatography over silica-gel, RP-18, MPLC and preparative HPLC to isolated the compounds 1 - 30. Consequently, a new nor-ent-pimaran diterpenoid (11) and a new 8-O-4′ type neolignan (25) along with 28 known compounds that included diterpenoids, phenolic derivates, and polyacetylenes have been isolated from the ethanol extract of the roots of A. continentalis. The structures of the new compounds were established by spectroscopic data interpretation, particularly HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR data including HSQC and HMBC. Also, those of the known compounds were identified by spectral comparison with those of the reported values. Conclusion : The structures of two new compounds were determined as 18-nor-ent-pimara-9 (11),15-diene-4β-ol (11) and 8-O-4-dehydrocoumaroyl-ferulic acid (25). To our knowledge, compounds 10, 14, 15, 19, 20, 22 – 24, and 26 were isolated and identified from Aralia genus for the first time.

Background : Ribes fasciculatum var. chinense Maxim. has been traditionally used as febrifuge, diuretic and antidote against urushiol in Korea. This study described a metabolomics approach used to discriminate the genus Ribes from different sources. Methods and Results : Four different types of Ribes from Korea were analyzed by ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HR-MS/MS) based metabolomics. Multivariate statistical method such as principal component analysis (PCA) were used to compare the derived patterns among the samples. The data set was subsequently applied to various metabolite selection methods for sophisticated classification with the optimal number of metabolites. The results showed variations in accuracy among the classification methods for the samples of different origins, especially for cultivation region. Conclusion : This proposed analytical method coupled with multivariate analysis is fast, accurate, and reliable for discriminating the origin of the genus Ribes samples and is a potential tool to standardize quality control in the genus Ribes related products.

Background : Phlomidis radix is known to be effective for pain relief and anti-inflammation. Phlomidis radix (Han-Sok-Dan) is likely to be confused because it is similar in name to Dipsaci Radix (Cheon-Sok-Dan), or is similar in morphology to other Phlomioides species. Therefore, we investigated the origins and morphological characteristics of the origin plant of Phlomidis radix in order to cultivate and consume the correct one. Methods and Results : We reviewed North and South Korean and Chinese Pharmacopoeia and the books on oriental herbal medicine and botanical illustrations. In South Korea, P. umbrosa was defined as the origin plant of Phlomidis radix, whereas in North Korea, P. maximowiczii was defined. In China, it was not used as an oriental medicine. In the past, P. umbrosa, which is native to the Korean peninsula, or P. maximowiczii, which is native to the northern part of the Korea was used instead of Dipsacus asperoides for Dipsaci Radix. However, after the publication of the Korean Pharmacopoeia, Phlomidis radix and Dipsaci Radix have been distinguished, and only P. umbrosa was defined as the origin plant of Phlomidis radix. Therefore, Phlomidis radix and Dipsaci Radix should be distinguished from each other, the origin plant of Phlomidis radix is considered to be P.umbrosa. Furthermore, we investigated the external morphological and growth characteristics of Phlomoides species in Korea. There are three species of Phlomoides in Korea, such as P. umbrosa, P. maximowiczii, P. koraeinsis. P. umbrosa has no basal leaves but only stem leaves, while P. maximowiczii and P. koraeinsis have basal leaves. Also, P. maximowiczii is distinguishable from seeds with hairs while P. koraeinsis from hairless seeds. Conclusion : We considered P. umbrosa as the origins of Phlomidis radix. As a result of investigation of morphological and growth characteristics, P. umbrosa, P. maximowiczii and P.koraeinsis could be distinguished by the presence or absence of basal leaves and the difference in whether the seeds have hair or not. These results could be used as a basis for standard varieties research and cultiviation of P. umbrosa.

Background : Root rot is a major factors of replanting failure in ginseng cultivation. Some of the phenolics detected in the soil could inhibit the seed germination and seedling growth of ginseng. Methods and Results : Water of 2 ℓ was irrigated per pot (20 ℓ) into the soil infected with ginseng root rot pathogens for one month every day. After the irrigation treatment, the powder of ginseng fine root of 20 g per pot was mixed with the irrigated soil. NO3 -, electric conductivity (EC), exchangeable Na (Ex. Na) and K (Ex. K) were decreased in descending order by irrigation. NO3 -, EC, Ex. K, and available P2O5 were increased in descending order by incorporation of ginseng powder into soil. Trichoderma crassum was decreased by irrigation, but it was increased again by incorporation of powder. Haematonectria haematococca was increased by irrigation, but it was decreased by incorporation of powder. Cylindrocarpon spp. and Fusarium spp. causing ginseng root rot were increased by incorporation of powder. Arthrobacter oryzae and Streptomyces lavendulae were increased by irrigation. Streptomyces lavendulae was decreased, and Arthrobacter spp. was increased by incorporation of powder. Aerial growth of ginseng was promoted by irrigation, and ginseng root rot was increased by incorporation of powder. Conclusion : The residues of ginseng root in the soil affected soil nutrients and microorganisms, and promoted ginseng root rot, but did not affect the aerial growth of ginseng.

Background : Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort is a perennial herb of the Umbelliferae family and an important traditional oriental medicinal plant. The compounds contained in L. chuanxiong can be divided into five kinds, essential oil, alkaloids, phenolic acids, phthalide lactones, and other constituents. These compounds have cardiovascular and cerebrovascular effects, antioxidants, neuroprotection, anti-fibrinolytic, antidotes, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities. In this study, we anticipated to establish the in vitro propagation system of L. chuanxiong, which is a high economic value as medicinal herb, by plant tissue culture to solve the problem of root stocks contamination. Methods and Results : The whole study was carried out in the department of Herbal crop research, Eumseong, RDA. In this study, L. chuanxiong nodes was used as an explant and it was surface sterilized by 2% sodium hypochlorite for 1 minutes, then washed with ddH2O several times. Further the surface sterilized nodes were placed on MS basal media. Multiple shoots were induced on MS, SH, WPM media with 0.1 - 2 ㎎/ℓ auxin (NAA, IBA) and cytokine (BA). In this study we obtained 4.6 multi-shoots per an explant, and growth of the shoot was also favorable in the presence of 1.0 ㎎/ℓ BA. Subsequent transfer of these regenerated shoots on 1/2 MS media resulted in root formation. The rooted plantlets were able to grow in soil after 3 weeks of acclimatization. Conclusion : The optimal conditions for in vitro propagation of L. chuanxiong were established through this experiment.

Background : Adenophora triphylla var japonica is a perennial herb that belongs to Campanulaceae. Radix Adenophorae is a dried rhizome of A. triphylla and same genus plant. It has contains chemicals such as cycloartenyl acetate, lupenone, β-sitosterol, taraxerone, octacosanoic acid, and praeruptorin A. Radix Adenophorae considered to be effective regulating humoral and cellular immunity, antimutation, restraining adenocarcinoma cell, strengthening cardiac function, allaying a fever, and easing pain and cough. In this study, we tried to establish a mass production system of A. triphylla which has high economic value as a medicinal herb by plant tissue culture in order to cultivate standard varieties. Methods and Results : In this study, A. triphylla internode was used as a explant and it was surface sterilized by 1% sodium hypochlorite for 5 minutes, consequently several times washed with ddH2O. Further it was placed in to MS medium including with axillary bud. The 1/2MS, B5, SH was used in this research. And the plant growth regulator of 0.1 - 2 ㎎/ℓ auxins (NAA, IBA) and cytokines (BA) were used respectively to achieve multiple shoots. The whole study was carried out in the department of Herbal crop research, Eumseong, RDA. Conclusion : In this study we obtained, 6.2 multi-shoots per an explant, and the shoot growth was also favorable in the presence of 1.0 ㎎/ℓ BA and 1.0 ㎎/ℓ IBA.