The present study was performed to investigate the psychological effects of spring flowers blossoms, which is one of the elements influencing to human psychology, in order to provide scientific evidence on the psychological benefits of green plants. A self-reporting survey was conducted by using self reporting questionnaires on the impression (semantic differential method: SD method) and mood states (profile of mood states: POMS) of eighty university students in their twenties. Korean forsythia, Korean rosebay, Japanese apricot, Cherry blossom, and Magnolia were chosen as spring flowers. The results of impression evaluation and mood states changes showed that spring flower blossom had beautiful, soft, warm, moist, familiar and full impressions, and changed our mood positively by reducing depression and anger, or by increasing vigor. In addition, different psychological effects can be differently observed depending on the species; for example, Cherry blossom had a greater effect in changing the impression and feeling than others. The findings would provide support toward the active usage in green space as well as its design maximizing the psychological effects of nature.

Purpose: This study was to create and practically apply psychological skills training program(PSTP) for rhythmic gymnasts. Methods: Four rhythmic gymnasts aged ten to fifteen who are members of Korea Gymnastics Association and Office of Education in ‘G’ city were selected as research participants in 2014. They participated in PSTP for six months. Program effectiveness was examined through the questionnaire of CSAI-2, psychological skills, and self-management, list of competition result, and psychological counseling. The selected program was applied to each rhythmic gymnasts through supplementation sequence after practical skill training that reflected personal psychological skills level and characteristics. Results: Based on the data collected, nine specific psychological skills methods consisted of goal setting, breathing and relaxation, positive imagery, self-management, cognitive restructuring, self-confidence, performance routine, psychological counselling, and integrated performance routine were applied to the research participations. As they participated in PSTP, the following positive psychological effects were found to the research participant. First, participants’ competitive state anxiety was reduced. Second, participants’ psychological skills was improved. Third, participants’ self-management was enhanced. Fourth, participants’ performance was improved. Conclusion: PSTP was evaluated as an effective training program that helps rhythmic gymnasts’ psychological steadiness. Based on the result of the study, it is expected that more rhythmic gymnasts are trained using PSTP to improve their mental strongness, so that they perform their best athletic skills and talents in their competition.

본 연구의 목적은 뇌기반 교사교육이 교사의 행복감, 효능감, 심리적 소진에 미치는 효과를 밝히는데 있다. 연구대상은 서울 및 경기지역의 교사 36명(실험집단 17명, 통제집단 19명)이다. 뇌기반 교사교육은 2015년 4월부터 12월까지 9개월 동안 11회기 진행되었고 뇌기반 학습원리 나 교육과정 운영과 관련된 강의와 액션러닝방법을 활용하여 실행하였다. 본 연구에서 수집된 데이터는 SPSS 21.0 통계프로그램으로 분석하였으며, 교사교육의 효과를 분석하기 위해 비모 수통계 방법을 실시하였다. 본 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교사행복감은 뇌기반 교사교육에 참여한 실험집단이 통제집단에 비해 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 교사효능감은 집단 효능감에서만 실험집단이 통제집단에 비해 유의하게 높은 점수를 나타냈다. 셋째, 실험집단의 심리적 소진 총점은 통제집단보다 낮게 나타났으며 그 차이는 통계적으로 유의하였다.

This study investigates and analyzed the psychological effect of existence or non-existence of cut-flowers decoration in the conference place by the presenting eight colors of decorations (white, pink, blue, orange, red, green, purple, and yellow) to the participants, 103 numbers of genders. The measurement of psychological condition was carried out and compared with an attention recovery scale, profile of mood states (POMS) and semantic differential (SD method). In addition, paired t-test, One way ANAVA and Pearson’s correlation analysis were used for the statistical analysis. As the result of investigation for the general awareness of cut-flower decoration, the most priority is its color tone and 57.3% of participants which is the highest portion answered that the amount of annual investment for cut-flower decoration is 20,000～99,000 Won. According to the result of comparison for three psychological indexes, the attention recovery scale was significantly higher in the area with cut-flower decoration than the area without it. In POMS, it showed the negative emotions, such as, tension-anxiety, depression, confusion was low while the positive emotion like vigor was significantly higher in the area with cut-flower decoration than the area without it. In addition, the participants could feel the pleasant, natural and clam significantly more in the conference place with cut-flower decoration than the area without it. The order of color preference of cut-flower was Green > White > Pink > Blue > Yellow > Purple > Orange > Red with significant difference. Also, as the result of investigation for the color sensibility of its tone of the cut-flower decoration in conference place with SD method, the participants could feel ‘comfortable’ and ‘calm’ the most with green, white and blue decoration while ‘strong’, ‘vibrant’, ‘uneasy’ of feeling was shown the most in red and orange decoration and ‘warm’, ‘fancy’ in yellow. Based on the result of this study, the workers can have positive psychological effects by having cut-flower decoration or using appropriate colors with cut-flower decoration in the uncomfortable area, such as, conference place.

This study is conducted with the questionnaire survey of 174 participants to investigate the psychological effect of workers with the indoor-garden in lounge of public building. The measurement of mental state was investigated and compared with loyalty, attention restoration, profile of mood states (POMS) and semantic differential method (SD Method) while statistical analysis was compared and analyzed with paired t-test, frequency analysis, cross correlation analysis, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson’s correlation analysis. As the result of analysis of three psychological index, the rate of attention of restoration to the worker was significantly higher in the area where the indoor-garden is installed than the area with no indoor-garden (p≦0.001). Emotional examination showed less negative emotions, such as, the tension, depression, anger, exhaustion or confusion while more positive feeling was vitalized in the area where there is indoor-garden in the lounge than the place with no garden. In addition, as the result of comparison for the index of emotion by gender, negative emotions of men decrease but positive feeling increase more than the group of women in the area where there is indoor-garden in the lounge than the place with no garden. As the result of evaluating the emotion of pleasant, natural and relax with SD method, worker might feel them more in indoor-garden of lounge. Detailed items of plant does not seem to affect to the loyalty in the interest of indoor-garden to the workers, however, behavioral element, such as, feasible investment-cost, provides extremely positive effect (p≦.05). Based on this study, the cognizance of healing effect, attention restoration, profile of mood state (POMS) and emotional quotient by the existence of indoor-garden can be concluded that it will provide the positive effects to diffuse indoor-garden and promotion of emotional health for the staff. In addition, indoor-garden can be practically used to reduce the stress and provide the stability of the indoor-staff.

게임 산업 시장이 모바일 게임중심으로 변화하며, 모바일 게임 상의 가상전자화폐 구매는 게 임업체의 주요 수익창출요소가 되어 왔다. 특히 확률게임 원리가 도입된 캐릭터 뽑기 시스템은 가상전자화폐를 이용한 대표적인 수익창출요소이다. 본 연구에서는 그러한 게임업체 가운데서 도 이례적인 매출을 기록한 일본의 겅호 엔터테인먼트의 모바일 게임 퍼즐 앤 드래곤의 캐릭터 뽑기 시스템에 과금하는 사용자들의 심리를 분석하였다. 연구의 결과 도출된 세 가지 심리적 요인은 다음과 같다: (1) 갓 페스티벌의 확률게임에 적용되는 도박적 심리반응 추구와 인지적 오류의 발생 (2) 기간한정 갓 페스티벌과 콜라보의 희소성메시지의 전달을 통한 반응심리 (3) 친구시스템 및 캐릭터 콜렉션을 통한 개인적 만족감의 추구.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the differences in self-encouragement, self-discouragement, self-esteem, self-management, psychological well-being in a characteristics of athletes with disabilities and to examine the relationships of those variables among them. Methods: A total of 324 athletes with physical disabilities (male=208, female=115) completed self-encouragement and discouragement, self-esteem, self-management, psychological well-being measure. Results: Participants who have an affiliation, full-time, salary, athlete’s career, and motivation had positively higher on self-encouragement, self-esteem, self-management, psychological well-being. However, self-discouragement and negative self-esteem were higher affiliation, low career, and motivation by others. Self-encouragement had positively influence the self-esteem, self-management, psychological well-being, whereas self-discouragement had negatively affect on the self-esteem, self-management. Moreover, the self-encouragement showed a positive indirect effect on the psychological well-being and self-discouragement appeared a negative indirect effect on the psychological well-being. Conclusion: It is required to necessity a positive self-encouragement of the disabled athletes because self-awareness and beliefs affects their behavior of individuals.

Purpose: this study was to gain a full understanding of the experiences of sports counselor trainees during counseling training. For this purpose, this study explored the experiences and the meaning of counselors’ development. Methods: A phenomenological study was utilized and 6 participants who had several experiences of sports counseling were selected for the study. 3 categories, 8 subcategories, and 24 subjects were derived from in depth interviews and focus group interview. Data were analyzed based on the open coding, axial coding, and selective coding procedure of phenomenological theory. Results: First, trainees were motivated to introduce psychological skills to athletes, at the same time they were worried about immaturity of themselves as counselors. Second, trainees faced the difficulties of reality such as doubts about the effectiveness of counseling, differences between on-site and lectures. Also, trainees should apply different counseling techniques depending on the speciality of sport. Third, trainees grew through a variety of experiences as sport counselors. They preached the importance of sport counseling to the organizations such as professional teams and schools. Conclusion: Trainees developed their skills and professional counseling abilities through their training. This research may be used as basic data for counselors to adapt to sports setting, and to achieve better and professional counseling.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of achievement goal orientation on psychological skills of Korean high school Taekwondo(TKD) athletes. Methods: The subjects were 268 high school Taekwondo athletes (207 males and 61 females). In order to investigate the validity and reliability of the questionnaire exploratory factor analysis was conducted. Descriptive statistic analysis, ANOVAs, Sheffe post-hoc tests and regression analyses were performed. Results: Results were as follows. 1) There was no gender differences in achievement goal orientation were found. However, the difference was shown in skill levels(high vs. low group). 2) There were significant differences between gender and skill level in psychological skills. Task goal orientation in male influenced on th psychological factors such as will power, imagery, self-efficacy, team harmony, concentration, and goal setting, while ego orientation did only on the goal setting. In female, task orientation influenced on will power, imagery, self-efficacy, team harmony, and goal setting, while ego orientation didn’t influence at all, which reflecting the goal setting is a common achievement motivation factor in male and female. Conclusion: Results supported the previous research reflecting the importance of task orientation. In addition, the result also implies that the psychological skills influenced by motivation orientation would differ based upon the characteristics of each sport. Future directions and limitations were discussed.

Purpose: The aims of this study was to provide problem solving case by describing the adversities and corresponding adaptation means of PST within limited time schedule for the National Children’s Sports Meet. Methods: Three hours of PST per week for two consecutive weeks was administered to 17 youth athletes participating in National Children's Sports Meet. Results: Although some adversities were raised, real competition results were quite successful with more gains in gold medal and new record set. In addition, athletes and administration officers were quite satisfied with PST program. Some lessons obtained from this case were also extracted. Conclusion: Although results firstly showed the effectiveness of PST program, this result does not necessarily indicate the cause-and-effect of the PST program. Limitation including this warning, implications and some suggestions were made for future research.

본 연구는 공익연계광고 유형이 광고태도와 광고내용에 대한 수용의도에 미치는 영향을 분석하고, 공익 수혜자와의 심리적 거리와 소비자 자기감시성향의 조절역할을 검증하였다. 가설검증을 위해 공익연계 광고유형은 제품관련 광고와 사회적 중 요성을 보여주는 2가지 유형으로 분류하였고, 심리적 거리는 가까운 것과 먼 것으로 분류하여 총 4가지 유형의 공익연계 광고 실험물이 제작되었다. 나아가 응답자의 자기감시성향은 높은 집단과 낮은 집단으로 분류하여 조절변인으로 사용하였 다. 가설검증결과, 공익연계 광고유형은 광고태도와 수용의도에 모두 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 심리적 거리 는 광고태도와 수용의도에 모두 유의한 조절역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 자기감시는 수용의도에는 유의한 조절역할을 하 고 있으나 광고태도에는 유의한 조절효과가 발생하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 연구결과에 따라 본 연구의 이론적 및 실무적 시사점을 제시하고 향후 연구방향에 대한 제언을 하였다.

T. S. 엘리엇은 ｢드라이 샐베이지즈｣ 작업을 통해 내면 여행을 떠난 다. 갈색 신인 강을 타고 개인 무의식을 지나 바다로 상징되는 집단 무 의식에 이른다. 집단 무의식에는 태고 적부터 초시간적으로 존재하는 수많은 원형들이 이미지를 입고자 의식의 자아를 기다리고 있다. 엘리 엇은 집단 무의식의 바다에서 수많은 사람들의 고통과 죽음의 이미지들 을 목격하면서 실의에 빠진다. 그러나 모성원형인 마리아를 대면하면서 치유가 이루어진다. 그리고 현자원형인 크리쉬나로부터 포기하지 말고 계속 전진하라는 충고를 통해 힘을 얻는다. 성자의 사명이 시간과 초시 간의 교차점을 포착하는 것이라는 삶의 목적을 제시받은 엘리엇은 만다 라 모양의 장미를 대면하고 자기원형을 상징하는 그리스도를 통해 대극 의 합일을 이룬다. 융이 주장한 개성화 과정은 의식과 무의식의 통합과 정으로서 엘리엇은 ｢드라이 샐베이지즈｣ 시작(詩作)과정을 통해 그의 무의식에 있는 강력한 누미노스의 에너지를 지니고 있는 원형들을 강, 바다, 성모 마리아, 크리쉬나, 장미, 그리스도 등으로 이미지화 하여 신 비롭고 난해한 창의적 작품으로 탄생시킨다. 이 개성화 과정이 상징화 과정이기도 하다.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to report a case of psychological support and supervision for a university soccer team. Methods: Psychological support was provided to 32 players in the C university soccer team. 10 or so essential psychological skills including the importance of psychological training, goal setting, strategies to be motivated, enhancing confidence, teamwork, self-regulation, or concentration training were systematized with CAU10 Program, and this was designed properly to the event of soccer. Results: Total 11 sessions were composed of education, practice, and discussion with 80 minutes in each week. To examine the effects of psychological support, SIMS, TEOSQ, and PS test sheets were used. According to the results of the T-Test, it exerted significant effects on the factors of intrinsic motivation (p<.05), confidence (p<.01), and goal setting (p<.05). Conclusion: For field training and supervision, they received training for license grade 2 and then made plans for field training. Submitting an application form for training to Korean Society of Sport Psychology, they got approved. The psychological support team consisted of five trainees and two supervisors. In each team, one or two trainees were arranged, and they were formally appointed as a mental coach by the director, coaching staff, or players. In this case, the soccer team included trainees attending graduate school or having experience to work as a player. Once a week, they were provided with field support, supervision, and irregular field observation and counseling, and also, supervision was done once a week with two grade 1 supervisors. Mainly about preparation for education, ideas to make contents, demonstration for education, or counseling, they were provided with feedback, and this was written as a report for each session. It has been found that field training and supervision have positive effects on grade 2 sport psychology counselor trainees in terms of securing expertise and experience, knowhow, confidence for field support, or contents for psychological support.

This study evaluates the physiological and psychological relaxing effects of viewing the scenery in the Jangseong healing forest. Twenty-two university students (20.9 ± 1.3 years old) participated in the study. An experiment was conducted in the Jangseong healing forest, and a control experiment was performed in the city. The physiological indicators used in the study were the heart rate variability and heart rate of the participants. Subjective assessments (SD method, POMS, and STAI) were used as psychological indicators. The participants sat on a chair watching the scenery in the forest area and the urban area for 10 minutes each. The results indicate that viewing the scenery in the forest can increase parasympathetic nerve activity as compared with that in the city. In addition, the forest environment can enhance “comfortable,” “natural,” and “soothed” feelings; alleviate negative emotions; and reduce anxiety. The results clearly indicate that viewing the scenery in the Jangseong healing forest induced physiological and psychological relaxation.

본 연구는 게임이 가지는 사회적 역할을 탐색하고자 협동성을 요구하는 게임과 오프라인에서 목격되던 대인간의 관계형성에 영향을 미치는 심리적 속성들과의 관계를 탐색하였다. 구체적으 로 협동성을 요구하는 게임 이용이 심리적 속성인 자기노출과 친밀감에 영향을 미치는지를 살 펴보고, 이러한 심리적 속성들과 오프라인 사회 참여와의 관계에 대해 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 온라인과 오프라인을 통해 설문을 실시한 결과, 협동성을 요하는 게임을 많이 이용할수록 자기노출과 친밀감이 증가하고, 자기노출과 친밀감이 커질수록 오프라인 사회참여에도 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 주요 결과에 대한 함의나 논의점이 본문에 제시되었다.

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the mediating effect of perceived stress in the relation between coping skills and psychological well-being, and to test the structural model invariance across groups in university dance settings. Methods: To investigate the proposed paths structural equation modeling was used in a sample of 535 female university dance students (Mage=20.07±1.45). Results: Structural equation modeling indicated that problem-focused, emotion-focused, and avoidance skills were predicted by students' perceptions of stress. In turn, problem- and emotion-focused skills also predicted psychological well-being. Mediation analyses partially supported the roles of coping skills. Structural weights in the model were variant across dance careers. Conclusion: The findings suggest that coping skills may help to reduce psychological distress and increase psychological well-being in university dance students. Specifically, problem- and emotion-focused skills are associated with positive scores for psychological well- being.

Purpose: The current study explored differences in psychosocial variables by the physical activity stages in a random sample of middle aged adults, and identified the relationship of physical activity with psychosocial variables. Methods: A total of 426 adults aged from 40 to 59 years old who reside in Nowon-gu, Seoul were voluntarily participated in the study. The study participants responded stage of change scale for physical activity, global physical activity questionnaire, self-efficacy scale, decisional balance scale, and social support. Frequency analysis, descriptive analysis, MANOVA, Correlation analysis, and regression analysis were applied using SPSS 20.0. Results: Results indicated that except perceived barriers self-efficacy, perceived benefits, friend support, and family support increased significantly across the stages of physical activity. Furthermore, based on the regression analysis, the most important predictors of physical activity in a descending order of significance were family support, self-efficacy, perceived benefits, and friend support, and family support The total variance in physical activity explained by these variables was 48%. Conclusion: The present study offers a starting point for practical interventions aimed at increasing physical activity levels of middle aged adults in healthcare settings, and also encourages and supports healthcare providers who are working in the community to increase their knowledge of physical activity and its related psychosocial variables.