This research was designed to develop a computer program and evaluate the nutritional balances especially the balance of fatty acids, amino acids and antioxidant vitamins for convenience foods. The Korean convenience food, Kimbab purchased from markets was evaluated by using the self-developed computer program. Contents of calories, protein and calcium were lower(1/3˚＋1/2) than the recommended levels of Korean adult woman, and the carbohydrate/ protein/ fat(CPF) energy ratio was 70: 13: 17. The mean P/ M/ S ratio was 2.2/ 1.4/ 1 and that of Ω6/ Ω3 fatty acids was 17.9/ 1, which was higher than the desirable ratio of 4~8/ 1. Average essential amino acid balance of market-Kimbab samples was within the desirable range even though the absolute amount of protein was lower than the recommended level. Contents of antioxidant vitamins (A, C &E) were lower than recommended levels. Two kinds of nutritionally adjusted Kimbab menu were established by self-developed computer program. Some of major changes was adding food ingredients such as tuna fish and perilla leaf cooked with sesame oil and soybean oil to increase Ω3 series fatty acids. Some fruits and milk were also added to the menu. The adjusted CPF ratios was 63: 15: 22 and the new values for P/ M/ S and Ω6/ Ω3 fatty acids ratios were 1.0/ 1.2/ 1/0 and 6.1/ 1 respectively. In sensory evaluation of two kinds of adjusted Kimbab, the taste and overall estimation scores were higher than unadjusted Kimbab. The computer program developed in this study might be used as a tool for the evaluation of nutritional balance of other convenience foods and menu planning.

2년제 대학에 재학 중인 대학생 72명과 그들의 부모 72명을 대상으로 3일-식이기록을 작성시켜 두 세대간의 영양소 섭취형태, 지방, 설탕 및 식이섬유 섭취량과 지방 섭취형태의 차이를 분석하였다, 조사대상자의 평균연령은 학생이 19.8세였고 부모가 48.2세였다. 평균 BMI는 학생이 20.9, 부모가 23.8이었으며, BMI 25이상을 비만으로 볼 때 학생의 9.7%와 부모의 29.2%가 비만으로 나타났다. 3일-식이기록으로 조사한 일일 열량섭취량은 학생이 1, 881.5kcal, 부모가1, 866.4kcal이며 이는 한국인 영양권장량의 85.0%와 85.9%로서 두 세대 모두 권장량에 미달되는 것으로 나타났다. 지방은 학생이 55.8g로서 48.0g인 부모보다 많이 섭취하고 있으며, 단백질은 부모가 학생보다 많이 섭취하는 것으로 나타났다(86.5 g과 75.2 g). 당질, 단백질 및 지방을 열량구성비율로 환산해 보면, 당질은 학생과 부모가 각각 57.6%와 59.4%, 단백질은 16.4%와 18.3%, 그리고 지방은 26.4%와 22.5%로서 바람직한 한국인의 열량구성비와 비교할 때 당질은 학생이 약 7%, 부모는 약 6% 적게, 단백질은 학생이 약 1%, 부모는 약 3%가 많게 섭취하고 있었으며, 지방은 학생은 약 1% 많이, 부모는 약 3% 적게 섭취하는 것으로 나타났다. 학생과 부모의 단백질 섭취량은 각각 한국인의 영양권장량의 110.5%와 132.1%로서 모두 권장량보다 많았으며, 부모가 학생보다 훨씬 높았다. 칼슘섭취량은 학생과 부모 모두 권장량에 못 미치는 75.2%와 81.0%였으며, 철분섭취량은 학생들은 권장량의 93.3%로 약간 부족한 반면에 부모들은 133.4%로 권장량 이상 섭취하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 섭유질의 섭취량은 부모들이 15.3 g으로서 학생들의 11.0 g보다 많았고 설탕의 섭취량은 학생이 부모보다 많았으며(28.6과 20.7g). 콜레스테롤 섭취량은 두 세대간에 차이가 없었다. 섭취한 식품을 식품교화군으로 환산해 보면 곡규군, 지방군 및 과일군은 두 세대간에 차이가 없었으나 어육류군과 채소군은 부모들이 학생들보다 많은 양을 섭취하고 있었으며, 우유군은 학생들이 0.52로서 0.19인 부모들에 비해 많은 양을 섭취하고 있었다. 포화지방은 학생이 부모보다 많이 섭취하고 있었고(15.75 g과 12.42 g), 다가 불포화지방은 두 세대간의 섭취량이 차이가 없었으나 이것을 지방 섭취량에 대한 백분율로 환산하면 부모가 학생보다 훨씬 많았다(23.37%와 20.02%). 포화지방산을 섭취에너지에 대한 백분율로 환산하면 학생이 부모보다 높게 섭취하고 있었으며(7.42%과 5.74%). P:S 비는 부모가 학생보다 높았다(1.13과 0.75). 콜레스테롤은 학생이 부모보다 많이 섭취하는 경향을 보였으나(263.3g 과 224.0g) 유의적인 차이가 없고, 미국 영양사협회와 미국 심장협회가 권장하는 300mg을 넘지는 않았다. 식이 동맥경화원성을 나타내는 콜레스테롤지표(CI)와 Keys score 및 Hegsted score 모두 학생이 부모보다 큰 것으로 나타났다.

Lipid peroxidation is one of the main manifestations of oxidative damage and has been found play an important role in the toxicity and carcinogenesis of many carcinogens. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of aflatoxin B₁ co-administrated with antioxidant vitamins on lipid contents and fatty acids components of liver in mice. For this work, vitamin C and vitamin E, the major antioxidants, were administrated with 10 ㎎/㎏ and 63.8 ㎎/㎏ respectively, through intraperitoneal(i.p) injection to male ICR mice, and 0.4 ㎎/㎏ of the AFB₁ injected by i.p. lhr later. The results were as follows: two fold amounts of free cholesterol, triglyceride, and total cholesterol in serum and liver of mice treated with only AFB₁ were observed, when compared to those of mice co-administrated with antioxidant vitamins. However, the levels of phospholipids in serum and liver of mice treated with only AFB₁ were decreased. Concerning to fatty acids composition of liver from AFB₁-treated mice, P/S ratio was shown more low level in cholesteryl ester, triglyceride, total cholesterol and phospholipid than those of mice co-administrated with antioxidant vitamins. In these data which provide with a reliable evidence on their antioxidantal effects to aflatoxicosis.

The lipid stability of walnut added with water extracts of Ganoderma lucidum, Camellia sinensis and Lycii fructus was studied. The results are as follows : 1. when the extracts were added to walnut, the lipid stability was improved. The antioxidative activities of water extract of Camellia Sinensis and Lycii Fructus were considerably higher than that of Ganoderma lucidum. The antioxidative activity was decreased in the rank order Lycii Fructus$gt;Camellia Sinensis$gt;Ganoderma lucidum. 2. This clearly suggests that water extract of Lycii Fructus at 4℃ Bx level can be used as an alternative natural antioxidant for the lipid stability of walnut.

We carried out this subject to observe photoisomerization using 8A5H and phospholipid(DLPC) containing azobenzene group which has reversible to cis-trans by light irradiation. We investigated the photoisomerization and property of the monolayer film on quartz substrate prepared by the mixture of 8A5H and phospholipid deposited using Langmuir-Blodgett(LB) method. It was found that the absorption spectrum of the 8A5H and phospholipid LB monolayer was induced to photoisomerization by alternate light irradiation. And the absorbance of both the solution of mixtures of 8A5H-phospholipid and LB film was reversibly changed by the acid-base exposure and alternate temperatures.

양식산 업치의 표피 및 근육을 체색이 정상, 반백화 및 백화를 구분하여 지질함량 및 지방산 조성을 검토한 결과, 표피의 지방함량이 근육보다 높았으며, 표피와 근육의 주요지방산은 pamitic acid, oleic acid DHA 및 EPA이었다. 넙치의 표피에 있는 지방의 함량이 근육보다 높았으며, 표피와 근육에 있는 주요 지방산은 palmitic acid, oleic acid. docosahexaenoic acid, 와 eicosapentaenoic acid이었다. 넙치 표피에 들어 있는 지질 중에서, 특히 인지질에 함유된 palmitic acid, 는 정상(25.9%), 반백화(29.2%), 백화(31.0%)순으로 증가했으며, 반대로 EPA는 정상(2.9%), 반백화(2.4%), 백화(2.2%) 순으로 감소했으며, 역시 DHA도 정상(18.6%), 반백화(15.1%). 백화(14.0% )순으로 감소했다 백화 현상이 인지질 대사에 영향을 미치는 것으로 추정된다..

Several instances of synergistic interaction have been identified between alkyl amine oxide and long chain fatty acohol polyethoxylates in various surfactant formulation. The purpose of this study was examined whether these benefits could be observed within the framework of generic hand-surface cleaning formulations. Comparative evaluation were also carried out to determine the performance characteristics of low-and zero-phosphate systems in which amine oxide and alcohol ethoxylates are used. Best cleaning was observed with 1:1 mixtures of the subject surfactants, but substantial improvements over fatty alcohol ethoxylate alone also were noted with formulations that contained lower ratios of amine oxide

Maxwell displacement current(MDC) measuring technique has been applied on the study of monolayers of fatty acid. The displacement current was generated from monolayers on the water surface by monolayer compression and expansion. Displacement current was generated when the area per molecule was about 130a2. MDCs were investigated in connection with monolayer compression cycles. It was found that the current pulses were generated over the entire range of molecular area, and the maximum of MDC appeared at the molecular area just before the initial rise of surface pressure in compression cycles. We investigated the change in absorption spectra of the fatty acid(8A5H) monolayer LB film due to cis-trans photoisomerization. It was found that the absorption spectrum of the 8A5H LB film was induce to photoisomerization by alternate irradiation with UV and visible light irradiation.

The present study has been undertaken to investigate the effects of crude ginseng extract added to food on the lipid composition in serum of rats fed lard and alcohol. Thirty-five males of Sprague-Dawley strains weighed about 130 g were divided into 7 groups, each group receiving a different diet for 10 weeks ; i.e. basal diet plus 15% lard, basal diet plus 5% alcohol, basal diet plus 0.5% crude ginseng extract, basal diet plus 15% lard and 0.5% crude ginseng extract. Determinations were carried out on the net weight gain, food efficiency ratio, weight of organs, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, free cholesterol. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Rats given feed containing lard and alcohol showed significant decrease in net weight gain, but crude ginseng extract caused an increase in food efficiency ratio. 2. Lard supplementation group showed increase in the weight of liver, kidney, spleen, but another groups did not. 3. The contents ratio of triglyceride, total cholesterol in serum of lard-fed group showed significant increase compared to controls and but the simultaneous supplementation of crude ginseng extract and lard decreased sinificantly than those of lard-fed group. 4. The contents of free-cholesterol and ester cholesterol in serum of the simultaneous supplementation of crude ginseng extract group decreased as compared with the lard single fed group. 5. Crude ginseng extract single-fed group showed increse of plasma HDL-cholesterol compared to the control but not in any other groups. 6. The ratio of contents of VLDL, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol in serum was significantly high in the only lard containing group and alcohol group, the crude ginseng extract supplemented group was showed lower tendency than only lard and alcohol group. The above results suggest that crude ginseng extract would prevent the metabolic disease by improving hyperlipidemia.