The aim of this study is to develop the one dot rapid detection kit that meets the limit of detection (LOD) of KFDA (10 μg/kg) for Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). The fabrication process of the one dot rapid detection kit, such as gold nanoparticle and AFB1-BSA conjugation, and AFB1-polyclonal antibody concentration was optimized. Fabricated rapid detection kits were tested with the standard AFB1 solutions and the solutions extracted from contaminated maize samples. The LOD in the standard AFB1 solution and extracted AFB1 solution was 5 μg/kg for both. This result is lower than the LOD of KFDA in food (10 μg/kg) and satisfies the LOD of EU (2-12 μg/kg) and Japan (10 μg/kg) in food.

이 연구에서는 플래시 파노라마 기반 가상야외답사(VFT)를 활용한 야외 지질 답사 활동의 효과를 공간 시각화 능력, 개념 이해와 인식 측면에서 분석하고자 하였다. 17명의 강원도 소재 중학교 학생을 대상으로 Kim and Lee (2011)에 의해 제안된 플래시 파노라마 기반 VFT 활용을 위한 3단계 모형을 적용하여 제주도 일대에서 2박 3일간 실제 지질 답사 활동을 수행하였다. 전실험 연구 설계를 적용하여 단일 집단에 대하여 사전과 사후의 공간 시각화 능력과 화산 개념 이해 변화를 각각 분석하였으며, 사후 설문을 통해 VFT 활용 효과에 대한 학생들의 인식을 조사하였다. 플래시 파노라마 기반 VFT 활용 모형을 적용하여 야외 답사 활동을 수행한 결과, 공간 시각화 능력에서는 '공간 관계' 능력이, 화산 개념 이해에서는 '지식'과 '이해'에서 유의미한 증가를 나타내었다. 또한, 공간 시각화 능력과 화산 개념 이해에서 대부분의 학생들의 향상 지수가 양(+)으로 산출되었다. 한편, 참가 학생들은 플래시 파노라마 기반 VFT 활용에 대해서 높은 흥미와 만족도를 나타내었으며, 야외 답사 활동에서 플래시 파노라마 기반 VFT의 활용에 대해 매우 긍정적으로 인식하는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 플래시 파노라마 기반 VFT 활용이 인지적, 지리적 요소에서 실제 야외 답사 활동에 많은 도움이 되는 것으로 인식하였다.

PURPOSES : Since expressways in South Korea are toll roads, many trumpet type interchanges exist, resulting in the installation of loop ramps very frequently. While the travel speed of the main lane is designed to be 100-110 km/h, the structure of a loop ramp is different and is designed for a minimum speed of 40 km/h. In fact, most of the actual travel speeds measured on the ramp exceed the designated speed, which has been a major problem in traffic safety. In this research, a type of pavement marking speed-reduction treatment called the "Peripheral Transverse Line" is installed on expressway loop ramps in order to study the change of driving speeds after the installation. METHODS : To verify statistically the change, this speed-reduction treatment has been installed on the Chungju interchange and the Yeoju junction. The driving speeds before the installation were compared with driving speeds both one month and five monthsafter the installation. RESULTS : As a result, the reductions of the average driving speeds after the treatment were statistically significant. More specifically, the average driving speeds of the Chungju interchange were reduced by 7.1-7.7 % for its tangent road section, and the speeds decreased by 8.5-9.5 % for its curve section. Similarly, in the Yeoju junction, an average speed reduction of 2.9-4.8 % for its tangent section was measured, along with 3.9% long-term speed reduction for its curve section. CONCLUSIONS : Since the pavement marking speed-reduction treatment has been partially proven to be effective from this research, we expect to expand this treatment and re-confirm the effect from a long-term perspective in the future.

본 논문은 기업의 디지털콘텐츠 마케팅 특성이 소비자의 기업 신뢰도에 및 기업 선호도에 미치는 영향을 알아보 고 기업의 디지털콘텐츠 마케팅 효과 검증을 위한 효율적인 기초자료를 제공하는 것에 연구의 목적을 가지고 있다.

Distribution pattern and fishing conditions of sandfish, Arctoscopus japonicus in the East Sae were explored using catch and catch per unit effort (CPUE) by eastern sea Danish seine and coastal gill net fisheries from 2004 to 2008. A. japonicus was one of major target species for the eastern sea Danish seine and coastal gill net fisheries in the East Sea, which were caught from April to October for the eastern Danish seine, and from October to December for the coastal gill net, respectively. In recent, the distribution and centroid of fishing ground moved northward, as seawater temperature increased. The species spawned in the coastal areas of Gangwon, northern East Sea, during winter, started to move to deeper water after spawning from spring, extended widely from Gangwon to Ulsan, southern East Sea, during summer, and migrated back to the spawning ground off Gangwon during autumn.

Two sorghum(Sorghum bicolor L. Moench cv. Hwanggeumchal-susu and Miryang 3) samples were milled using different milling methods, and their physicochemical properties were tested. Particle size was classified into five groups such as pin mill and low temperature-microparticulation(LTM; 10, 000, 20, 000, 30, 000, and 40, 000 rpm). The water absorption index (WAI), water solubility index(WSI), and a rapid Visco analyzer(RVA) were used to examine particle size distribution and color differences. Particle size of sorghum flour prepared using LTM was lower than that prepared using a pin mill. Particle size was further reduced by successive dry milling of the LTM flour. Lightness of colored pigments increased when particle size decreased. The WAI of Miryang 3 pin milling(M1) flour was the lowest after LTM, and WSI was higher in the order of M2, M3, M4, and M5. LTM sorghum flour had significantly higher pasting viscosity, as determined using a rapid Visco analyzer. LTM Miryang 3 sorghum flour(M2～M5) flour showed lower breakdown viscosity and higher final viscosity compared to those of M1 flour, resulting in an increased setback value.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the appearance, sensory and physicochemical characteristics of muffin added glutinous(GSP) and non-glutinous sorghum powder(NGSP). As increasing the amounts of sorghum powder, proximate (moisture, ash and protein) and minerals composition(K, Ca, Mg and Na) of muffin were significant difference. The weight, volume, height, lightness(L-value) and yellowness(b-value) were decreased as increasing the amounts of sorghum powder. In the results of sensory evaluation, appearance, color, flavor, taste, texture and overall quality of untreated muffin were 1.4, 1.6, 1.4, 1.0, 1.1 and 0.9, and muffin added 10% GSP and NGSP were scored relatively high. Antioxidant compounds contents of muffin added sorghum powder were increased as increasing the amounts of sorghum powder. DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging activities on methanolic extracts of untreated muffin were 0.74 and 1.31 ㎎ TE/g ER, respectively. DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging activities of 100% GSP muffin were 9.40 and 19.14 ㎎ TE/g ER, and 100% NGSP muffin were 10.59 and 18.78 ㎎ TE/g ER, respectively. The results of this study show that notable antioxidant compounds and antioxidant activity on muffin added sorghum powder are considered to have significant health benefits.

This study was performed to investigate the pesticide residue of commercial medicinal plants used for food materials in the Seoul area. Multi class pesticide multiresidue methods in Korea Food Code was used to analyze 100 pesticides. Analyzed samples were 261 cases(domestic 201, imported 60), detection rate was 19.2%(domestic 20.9%, imports 13.3%). 17 pesticides were detected in fruit(chinese matrimony vine, jujube, rubus coreanus, japanese cornlian cherry, schizandra, tangerine peel), and root(cnidium, licorice, astragalus). Pesticide over Maximum Residue Limits were detected in jujube, cnidium. Frequently detected pesticides were cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos, cyhalothrin, fenvalerate, bifenthrin. More than 50% of the sample were detected two or more pesticides at the same time. Because of the variety and increase of pesticide detection in medicinal roots and fruits, continued monitoring and safety management is required.

This study was performed to develop and optimize a rapid strip kit for the dual-detection of Aflatoxin B1 (AF) and Ochratoxin A (OTA). The strip kit is composed of sample pad, conjugation pad, nitrocellulose membrane, and absorbent pad. Manually spotted mycotoxin-BSA conjugates and anti-mouse IgG on nitrocellulose membrane were used as the test line and the control line, respectively. Conditions for rapid and easy detection of mycotoxins, conjugation between toxin-MAbs and nano Au particles, pretreatment method of pads, and composition of standards solutions were optimized. Feasibility of the strip kit to detect AF and OTA were evaluated with standard samples. Test results were acquired in 10 min and the detection limits were 100 ppm for AF and OTA, respectively.

교통사고 발생시점부터 사고처리가 완료된 시점까지를 돌발상황 지속시간(Incident Duration Time)이라고 정의하는데, 이를 단축시켜야만 교통사고 피해를 최소화할 수 있다. 본 연구는 고속도로 교통사고를 대상으로 돌발상황 지속시간에 영향을 주는 요인들을 찾아내기 위한 모형을 개발하였다. 모형은 모든 사고자료에 포함한 통합 모형(모형1)과 일반구간, 교량, 터널 등 교통사고 장소별로 구분하여 분석한 세부 모형(모형 2, 3, 4) 등 모두 4개의 모형을 구축하였다. 분석 결과, 교통사고가 발생한 장소에 따라 돌발상황 지속시간에 다른 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났으며, 현장 처리를 위한 작업차량 도착시간이 가장 민감한 요인으로 분석되었다. 또한 차-차 사고, 화물차에 의한 사고, 야간 사고, 주말 사고 등의 시사점 있는 요인들을 찾아냈다. 이러한 연구결과는 향후 교통사고 관리대책을 수립하는 데 있어 중요한 판단지표로 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

This study was investigated to determine the contents of sulfur dioxide residues in medicinal herbs in Seoul Yang Nyoung Shi in 2010 (1,522 samples of 189 kinds). Samples were measured by modified Monier-Williams method. Of the total samples, 618 samples (84 kinds) were domestic, and 904 samples (158 kinds) were imported. The content of sulfur dioxide in the domestics showed the range of 0.0 to 1,298.0 mg/kg (average 12.7 mg/kg), while those in imported samples were the range of 0.0 to 3,982.2 mg/kg (average 42.4 mg/kg). The average (mg/kg) amount of sulfur dioxide by parts in medicinal herbs was as follows; Tuber 122.3, Radix 69.3, Rhizoma 37.4, Cortex 33.3, Fructus 8.8, Ramulus 4.9, Semen 4.6, Folium 3.4, Flos 2.7, Perithecium 1.4. Of the total samples (1,522), 52 samples (3.4%) were violated the KFDA regulatory guidance of sulfur dioxide. Among these 52 unsuitable samples, 16samples (7 kinds) were domestic, and 36 samples (23 kinds) were imported. Approximately 88.1% of the total samples was less than 10 mg/kg of sulfur dioxide and 6.3% of the total samples showed more than 30 mg/kg of sulfur dioxide.

The increase in the consumption of herb medicines have made their use a public health problem due to the potential fungal contamination and the risk of the presence of mycotoxins. 360 samples of herb medicines were evaluated for the aflatoxin contamination. The natural occurrence of aflatoxins in these samples were determined using immunoaffinity column clean up and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with post-column derivatization. For samples analyzed, mean levels (incidence) of AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 in positive samples were 1.4 μg/kg (46.4%), 0.4 μg/kg (25.4%), 1.1 μg/kg (37.8%) and 0.9 μg/kg (24.3%), respectively. Recoveries of the full analytical procedure were 71.7~99.7% for AFB1, 88.1~99.2% for AFB2, 82.8~95.5% for AFG1 and 77.9~90.0%for AFG2. The excess cancer risk estimated using the cancer potency of aflatoxin B1 (7 (mg/kg/day)−1 for HBsAg− and 230 (mg/kg/day)−1 for HBsAg+) were 1.30 × 10^(−5) ~ 1.22 × 10^(−7) for hepatits B surface antigen negative (HBsAg−) and 3.31 × 10^(−4)~ 3.12 × 10^(−6) for hepatits B surface antigen positive (HBsAg+) respectively. In conclusion, although the contamination levels of samples used in the study were low, further actions are also required to undertake a program of herbal surveys in order to access mycotoxin contamination overall so that the safety of public will be protected.

한국 건고추 6종 슈퍼마니따, 독야청청, 신세계, 왕대박, 한반도, 청양 고추의 capsaicinoid, 유리당, 유기산 함량을 분석하고, 추출 현탁액의 고추 맛 관능평가와 비교하였다. 한국 건고추의 capsaicinoid 함량은 37.8~164.1mg·100g-1, 유리당 함량은 9.3~18.2mg·100g-1, 유기산 함량은 8.1~14.7%이었다. 고추 분말추출 현탁액의 신미 관능평가는 고추의 capsaicinoid 함량과 완전히 일치하였지만 고추 기호도에 대한 관능평가와는 유효하지 않았다. Capsaicinoid, 유리당, 유기산 함량간의 다중회귀 결과 상관계수 0.927과 회귀계수 0.906으로 높았다. 그렇지만 capsaicinoid와 유리당 2개의 변수를 이용한 관계식을 회귀분석한 결과 R2=0.884의 높은 선형성을 가지는 Y = 0.69X + 0.11를 얻어 고추맛의 관능평가를 위한 매운맛과 총 유리당을 통한 계량적 해석이 가능하였다.