A total of 51 vegetables and fruits, commonly consumed agriculture products in Korea, were analyzed for their α-carotene, β- carotene, and β-cryptoxanthin contents as provitamin A. The beta-carotene content (μg/100 g) was high in a few green leaf vegetables such as coriander (5,924.07), gegeol radish leaf (5.855.72), and curried mallow (5,138.01), while α-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin contents were not detected. The β-carotene in 8 kinds of 20 general vegetables was detected in the range of 214.06~1,437.67 μg/100 g, while α-carotene was detected at 460.17 μg/100 g in only old pumpkin. The β-cryptoxanthin was detected in the range of 106.55~315.49 μg/100 g in Japanese elm, watermelon, white cucumber, and lettuce. However, carotenoids were not detected in 10 kinds of agricultural products including oriental melon, potato, etc. In fruits, the beta-carotene contents ranged from 165.72~3,997.39 μg/100 g, showing maximum value in apple mango and minimum value in persimmon. The β-cryptoxanthin was detected at 232.22 μg/100 g in only passion fruit, while the α-carotene was detected at 77.25 μg/100 g in only darae. Thus, based on the analyzed results of carotenoids of agriculture products consumed or cultivated in Korea, and it was found that green leaf vegetables comprise high beta-carotene overall.

국내 대기오염물질 배출량 통계에 따르면 상당한 대기오염물질이 선박에 의해 발생하고 있다. 따라서 선박으로부터의 대기오 염물질 배출 제한과 항만지역 대기질 개선을 위해 다양한 정책들이 시행되고 있고, 국제적으로도 선박에 의한 해양오염 방지를 위해 국 제 협약 등이 이루어지고 있다. 하지만 실제 운항하는 선박에서 배출되는 대기오염물질 측정에 관한 연구와 실험은 거의 이루어지고 있 지 않아, 본 연구는 이동식배출가스측정장비(PEMS)를 사용하여 실제 운항하는 9,169톤급 선박에서 발생하는 대기오염물질 배출량 평가에 대한 방법과 가능성을 제시하였다. RPM과 부하에 따라 배출량의 차이가 있었으며, NOX 배출량은 497-2,060ppm, CO2는 1.55-6.9%, CO는 0.002-0.14% 수준이다. 엔진 제조사에서 제공하는 Shop Test에 명시된 배출량과 실제 측정된 배출량에 차이가 있음을 확인하였다. 대상선박 의 전 항해구간에서 발생하는 각 대기오염물질 최대 배출량이 PEMS 측정 구간에 포함되는 것을 확인하여, 총톤수 10,000톤급 이내 선박 에 PEMS 활용 가능성을 검증하였다.

The recycling of solid waste materials to fabricate carbon-based electrode materials is of great interest for low-cost green supercapacitors. In this study, porous carbon foam (PCF) was prepared from waste floral foam (WFF) as an electrode material for supercapacitors. WFF was directly carbonized at various temperatures of 600, 800, and 1,000 oC under an inert atmosphere. The WFF-derived PCF (C-WFF) was found to have a specific surface area of 458.99 m2/g with multi-modal pore structures. The supercapacitive behavior of the prepared C-WFF was evaluated using a three-electrode system in a 6 M KOH aqueous electrolyte. As a result, the prepared C-WFF as an active material showed a high specific capacitance of 206 F/g at 1 A/g, a rate capability of 36.4 % at 20 A/g, a specific power density of 2,500 W/kg at an energy density of 2.68 Wh/kg, and a cycle stability of 99.96 % at 20 A/g after 10,000 cycles. These results indicate that the C-WFF prepared from WFF could be a promising candidate as an electrode material for high-performance green supercapacitors.

Suspended solids play an important role in the growth and survival of aquatic organisms. The marine zooplankton species tested in this study were Tigriopus west (Copepoda) and Haustorioides koreanus (Amphipoda) sampled from the intertidal zone, including Artemia nauplii (Branchiopoda) hatched from cysts. The study design included six concentrations (0, 50, 100, 250, 500, and 1,000 mg L-1) of the suspended test particles assayed in triplicate. Experimental cultures in 500 mL-round polycarbonate bottles were subsampled after 96 h to count dead zooplankton. The culture bottles were agitated at 4 RPM on a rotating wheel at 23°C and 30 PSU. The survival rates of Artemia nauplii and T. west were not affected by suspended solid concentrations higher than 50.0 mg L-1, whereas the survival rate of H. koreanus decreased with increasing concentrations (p<0.05). In conclusion, H. koreanus and T. west, which were continuously exposed to suspended solid concentrations higher than 50.0 mg L-1, were affected by low-intensity ecological stress. However, in the case of H. koreanus, a concentration of 50.0 mg L-1 may be considered to be the limit of tolerance to suspended solids, suggesting that the number of individuals who eventually die will increase if continuously exposed.

To investigate the tolerance limit and critical thermal maximum (CTM), behavioral responses of wild goldeye rockfish Sebastes thompsoni according to exposure to high water temperature were observed using a continuous behavior tracking system. As a result, behavioral index (BI) of S. thompsoni in each temperature (20.0, 25.0, and 30.0°C) showed a significant difference (p<0.05) when compared with the value measured in a stable condition of 15.0°C. The activity level of S. thompsoni exposed to 25.0°C decreased sharply after 20 hours. Their rest time at the bottom of experiment chamber increased, and their normal swimming and metabolic activities were disturbed. In addition, at a high water temperature of 30.0°C, S. thompsoni reached the limit of resistance and showed a sub-lethal reaction of swimming behavior, with energy consumption in the body increased and all test organisms died. In conclusion, the eco-physiological response of S. thompsoni to water temperature varied greatly depending on the fluctuation range of the exposed temperature and the exposure time. In addition, the tolerance limit of S. thompsoni to high water temperature was predicted to be 25.0- 30.0°C. The maximum critical thermal that had a great influence on the survival of this species was found to be around 30.0°C.

본 연구의 목적은 루어낚시 참여자의 손목 움직임 측정을 위한 스트레치 센서를 개발하는 것이다. 손목움직임 측 정을 위해 스트레치 센서를 손목에 부착하여 배굴, 저굴 그리고 랜딩동작을 게이지율, 인장강도 그리고 신장회복률 을 척도로 실험을 진행하였다. CNT 분산액을 이용한 전도성 센서를 개발하고 E-band에 동일한 조건으로 적용하였 다. 함침을 각각 한 번, 두 번, 그리고 세 번한 같은 크기의 5종, 15가지 센서를 만능재료시험기(Dacell dn-fga Universal testing machine, UTM)를 활용해 게이지율(Gauge Factor)을 측정하였다. 두 번 함침한 센서가 게이지율이 가장 우수했으며, 게이지율과 인장강도가 높은 세 가지 센서로 프로토 타입을 제작하였다. 아두이노에 연결하여 동작테스트를 한 결과, 인장강도와 게이지율이 가장 높은 시료 1이 세 가지 동작에서 일정한 파장이 유지되었다. 시료 2,3은 배굴과 저굴에서는 일정한 파장을 나타내었지만, 랜딩동작에서는 신호 노이즈가 나타났다. 이는, 랜딩동작에서 는 인장강도와, 게이지율에 따라 파장의 패턴이 다르게 나타나는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이와 같은 결과로 손목의 움직 임 측정을 위한 스트레치 센서 제작시에 필요한 조건들을 유추할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과를 활용하여 루어낚시용 스마트 웨어러블 제품 개발에 응용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

시판 유통 중인 건조 인삼류(백삼 24점, 홍삼 26점) 포 장 제품을 수집하여 곰팡이 발생 조사를 수행하였다. 백 삼과 홍삼은 각각 50%와 46%의 시료에서 곰팡이가 검출 되었고 검출 시료의 평균 곰팡이 오염도는 각각 0.5와 0.2 log10 CFU/g이었다. 백삼에서는 Penicillium polonicum, P. chrysogenum, Rhizopus microsporus가 각각 18.2%로 우점하 였으나 홍삼은 Aspergillus spp.이 87.6%로 우점하였으며 이 중 A. chevalieri가 50.0%로 가장 높았다. 이 중 독성 종으로 알려진 P. polonicum, P. chrysogenum, P. melanoconidium, A. chevalieri 균주의 citrinin 독소 생성 가능성을 분석한 결 과, 13 균주 모두 독소 유전자가 검출되지 않았다. 이 결 과는 조사한 시료의 곰팡이독소 오염 위험은 매우 낮지만, 건조 인삼류에 곰팡이 오염이 가능함을 보여준다.

In this study, the dietary fiber content of 33 kinds of agricultural products and seaweeds was compared with that of raw products after heat treatment. To verify the total dietary fiber analysis method, the recovery rate was reviewed by measuring the total dietary fiber content for 4 standard certified substances. As a result, the recovery rate of the analysis value for the true value was 98.8%~103.1%, which was judged to be reliable. The total dietary fiber of vegetables ranged between 0.61~5.36 g/100 g for raw vegetables and 0.55~4.84 g/100 g for heat-treated vegetables. Among the 24 kinds of vegetables used in the analanalysis, the total dietary fiber content of heat-treated Korean radish (3.13 g/100 g) was the highest compared to that of raw radish (0.61 g/100 g). The total dietary fiber of beans was between 13.86~29.69 g/100 g for raw beans and 6.72~18.40 g/100 g for heat-treated beans. In particular, the total dietary fiber content of sword beans was the highest in both raw (29.69 g/100 g) and boiled (18.40 g/100 g) beans. The total dietary fiber content of the three types of seaweed was 1.93~4.85 g/100 g in raw seaweed and 0.99~5.72 g/100 g in heat-treated seaweed.

Future autonomous vehicles need to recognize the ego lanes required for lane change and the side left and right lanes differently. Therefore, multi-lane recognition is needed. In this study, using the YOLO network, mainly used for object recognition, the proposed method recognizes the ego, left and right side lanes as different objects and identifies the correct lanes. As a result of the performance evaluation on the TuSimple test data, the proposed method recognized the ego lanes and the left and right side lanes differently. It showed very stable lane recognition results. And by detecting lanes that do not exist in the ground truth of TuSimple data, the proposed method is very robust in lanes detection. Nevertheless, studies related to learning data reinforcement in which lanes are located in the center or at the left and right edges of the image and accurate network learning for lanes are needed.

본 연구는 기능성 물질인 알로에를 종류별로 첨가함에 따라 유화소시지의 이화학적 특성과 저장성, 그리고 관능성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 수행되었다. 알로에 베라(AV구)와 알로에 사포나리아(AS구)는 각 3%씩 첨가하였으며, 모든 처리구들은 냉장온도 4±1℃에서 4주간 저장하면서 주 1회 간격으로 실험이 진행되었다. pH는 AV구와 AS구가 대조구보다 유의적(p<0.05)으로 낮았고, 저장기간의 경과함에 따라 대조구 및 모든 처리구는 증가하였다. 보수성에서 AS구는 대조구와 AV구보다 유의적(p<0.05)으로 높은 값을 나타냈으며, 저장기간의 경과함에 따라 대조구 및 모든 처리구는 유의적(p<0.05)으로 감소하였다. 적색도는 AS구가 대조구 및 AV구 보다 낮은 값을 나타내었고, 황색도는 AS구가 대조구, AV구보다 높은 값을 나타내었다. 전단가는 AS구가 대조구보다 낮은 값을 나타냈으며, AV구와는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 지방 산패도에서 AS구는 유의적 (p<0.05)으로 가장 낮은 값을 나타내었고, 관능 평가의 색은 AV구가 가장 높은 값을 나타냈으며, 선호도는 AV구가 대조구보다 높은 값을 나타냈고 AS구와는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 이는 알로에 사포나리아의 첨가가 높은 보수성, 알로에 베라 첨가보다 낮은 지방산패도, 유사한 관능성을 나타내 기능성 소시지의 개발에 충분한 경쟁력을 가지고 있으며 향후 알로에 사포나리아를 첨가한 육제품의 일반화 및 대량생산 체계의 확립에 긍정적인 영향을 준다고 판단된다.

Visual inspection methods have limitations, such as reflecting the subjective opinions of workers. Moreover, additional equipment is required when inspecting the high-rise buildings because the height is limited during the inspection. Various methods have been studied to detect concrete cracks due to the disadvantage of existing visual inspection. In this study, a crack detection technology was proposed, and the technology was objectively and accurately through AI. In this study, an efficient method was proposed that automatically detects concrete cracks by using a Convolutional Neural Network(CNN) with the Orthomosaic image, modeled with the help of UAV. The concrete cracks were predicted by three different CNN models: AlexNet, ResNet50, and ResNeXt. The models were verified by accuracy, recall, and F1 Score. The ResNeXt model had the high performance among the three models. Also, this study confirmed the reliability of the model designed by applying it to the experiment.

In this study, the multi-lane detection problem is expressed as a CNN-based regression problem, and the lane boundary coordinates are selected as outputs. In addition, we described lanes as fifth-order polynomials and distinguished the ego lane and the side lanes so that we could make the prediction lanes accurately. By eliminating the network branch arrangement and the lane boundary coordinate vector outside the image proposed by Chougule’s method, it was possible to eradicate meaningless data learning in CNN and increase the fast training and performance speed. And we confirmed that the average prediction error was small in the performance evaluation even though the proposed method compared with Chougule’s method under harsher conditions. In addition, even in a specific image with many errors, the predicted lanes did not deviate significantly, meaningful results were derived, and we confirmed robust performance.

Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided intervention has gradually become a standard treatment for peripancreatic fluid collections (PFCs). However, it is difficult to popularize the procedure in Korea because of restrictions on insurance claims regarding the use of endoscopic accessories, as well as the lack of standardized Korean clinical practice guidelines. The Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (appointed a Task Force to develope medical guidelines by referring to the manual for clinical practice guidelines development prepared by the National Evidence-Based Healthcare Collaborating Agency. Previous studies on PFCs were searched, and certain studies were selected with the help of experts. Then, a set of key questions was selected, and treatment guidelines were systematically reviewed. Answers to these questions and recommendations were selected via peer review. This guideline discusses endoscopic management of PFCs and makes recommendations on indication for the procedure, pre-procedural preparations, optimal approach for drainage, procedural considerations (e.g., types of stent, advantages and disadvantages of plastic and metal stents, and accessories), adverse events of endoscopic intervention, and procedural quality issues. This guideline was reviewed by external experts and suggests best practices recommended based on the evidence available at the time of preparation. This will be revised as necessary to address advances and changes in technology and evidence obtained in clinical practice and future studies.