본 논문은 『玄應音義』를 중심으로 『新撰字鏡』의 문헌 인용 양상을 고찰하였다. 『字鏡』의 『玄應音義』 인용 양상을 보면, 표제자의 선정, 표제자 표음, 자의 및 예증, 이체자 정보 등 내용 구성면에서 폭넓게 『玄應音義』를 활용하고 있는데, 때로는 『玄 應音義』만으로, 때로는 『玉篇』이나 『切韻』 등 다른 문헌의 정보를 활용해 『玄應音義』의 부족한 점을 보충하여 사서로서의 가치와 효용성을 높였다. 그러나 인용 출처를 밝히지 않아 문헌 인용 관계가 명확하지 않은 점이나, 체제가 엄정하지 못하고 오류가 많다는 것은 이 책이 가진 한계이다. 따라서 광범위하고 정확한 문헌 인용 관계 연구와 석문의 교감을 통해 이 책이 가진 한자학·문헌학 가치를 재조명해야 할 필요 가 있다.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine whether food intake is effective in preventing diseases related to cognitive impairment. We searched English databases namely MEDLINE, PubMed and ScienceDirect from 2000 to May 2020, and Korean databases namely RISS, KISS, and DBPIA from 1990 to May 2020. We divided the data into 15 groups using the food group classification of the Korean Nutrition Society (KNS). The effect size (Cohen’s d) was estimated using a random-effect model, and a 95% confidence interval was calculated for each study. We included 17 cross-sectional studies and 7 cohort studies which involved 45,115 participants. As a result of analyzing the subgroups in the Asian population of both sexes, it was observed that grain intake has a protective effect against cognitive impairment. For females, pulses and fish also have a protective role against cognitive impairment. In the case of seaweed, a negative relationship was found with a moderate protective effect against cognitive impairment (Cohen’s d:-0.533, 95% CI: -0.939, -0.126; p=0.010) in Korean studies. Dairy products are associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment in the American and European population but drinking alcohol is associated with a lower impairment risk. These results provide a basis for formulating the dietary guidelines for preventing dementia for each country.

The purpose of this study was to select 30 representative Korean dishes by a systematic review of preferences and recognition of Korean foods. The papers for the review were located using the keywords ‘hansik’, ‘hanguk eumsik’ from DBpia, KISS, NDSL and RISS, and 18 relevant papers were finally short-listed. To analyze the preferences of Koreans and foreigners for Korean dishes, respondents were chosen from various regions such as Asia, Europe, South Pacific, Africa, and North/South America. A total of 4,053 respondents participated in the selected papers and Korean dishes were classified according to the content analysis based on books published by the Rural Development Administration (RDA). Among the main dishes, two kinds of cooked rice were selected, bibimbap and kimbap. Also, noodles, dumplings, and sliced rice cake soup varieties mul-naengmyeon, guksujangguk, mandu, and tteokguk were selected as main dishes. The side dishes selected included 6 kinds of soup, miyeokguk, yukgaejang, samgyetang, gomtang, seolleongtang, and galbi-tang. Other side dishes selected were six types of stews namely doenjang-jjigae, kimchi-jjigae, sundubu-jjigae, haemultang, maeuntang, and dakbokkeum- tang. Three kinds of grilled side dishes selected were bulgogi, galbi-gui, and samgyeopsal-gui. Galbi-jjim was selected in the category of braised or steamed foods. Tteokbokki and japchae were the stir-fried food selected. Pan-fried foods and fried foods selected included a kind of haemul-pajeon and dak-gangjeong respectively. Seasoned vegetables selected were samsaek-namul including gosari-namul, sigeumchi-namul and doraji-namul. Two kinds of baechukimchi and kkakdugi were selected as kimchies, and sikhye was selected in the category of beverages and teas. These results could be used as selection criteria in developing recipes for representative Korean menus.

Purpose: Recently, with the increasing demand for a evidence-based practice model in the health care area, qualitative meta-synthesis studies that provide a comprehensive understanding of phenomena of interest has increased. This study was conducted to understand the concept of qualitative meta-synthesis and guide the application of appropriate methods. Methods: This study is a literature review to address and analyze concepts and methods used in qualitative meta-synthesis studies. Results: The definition and purpose of qualitative meta-synthesis, philosophical background, procedures and outcomes are described. And the meta-ethnography, which is widely applied, was described. In addition, grounded theory, critical interactive synthesis, and meta-study were briefly introduced. It is also desirable to evaluate the quality of the primary research paper by utilizing evaluation criteria and evaluation tools to select the primary research paper, which also affects the quality of qualitative meta-synthetic studies. It is necessary for the researcher to recognize the epistemological difference in qualitative meta-synthesis, to consider saturation of the primary research paper, and to minimize the decontextualization of the primary research paper. Above all, the creative interpretation of researchers should provide expanded knowledge and insights into the research area. Conclusion: By clarifying the purpose of qualitative meta-synthesis, the researcher should ensure justification for performing qualitative meta-synthesis. Researchers also need to make efforts to ensure methodological transparency in order to overcoming the limitations of qualitative meta-synthesis.

Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), also known as keratocystic odontogenic tumor, is a distinct clinicopathologic lesion that can be clearly identified by histologic examination. Clinically, OKC is characterized by a high recurrence rate. This report describes a rare case of OKC with mural calcification in the maxilla of a 47-year-old male patient. Orthopantomography and Cone Beam Computed Tomography showed full opacification with calcification and lateral wall resorption in the left maxillary sinus, destroying the sinus floor. Hard tissue deposits have rarely been reported in the connective tissue walls of OKC. The importance of calcified material formation to the biological behavior of OKCs is unclear. Although its prognostic value has not been studied, the presence of calcification materials does not appear to increase the risk of recurrence. Study of a number of samples would be needed to determine the nature of the correlation between the presence of calcified materials and recurrence.

본 연구는 2009년부터 2018년 최근 10년간 대한간호학회지와 분과학회지에 게재된 개념분석 연구의 통합적 문헌고찰 연구이다. 총 30편의 논문을 간호의 메타패러다임, 개념의 종류, 개념분석 방법, 활용정도 등 분석하였다. 결과로 간호의 메타패러다임은 인간 23편, 간호 5편, 건강 1편, 환경 1편으로 인간이 가장 많았으며, 개념의 종류는 모두 추상적인 개념으로 확인되었다. 개념 분석 방법으로는 워커 & 아벤트가 13편, 하이브리드 방법이 10편, 진화론적 방법이 7편으로 워커 & 아벤트 방법이 가장 많았으나 2018년도 이후에는 모두 하이브리드 방법이었다. 도구개발로의 진행은 확인되지 않았다. 연구 결과를 토대로 간호패러다임의 다양성과 이를 바탕으로 한 도구 개발도 필요하다.

본 연구는 2010년부터 2020년 상반기까지 지난 10년간 노인들에게 우울증과 관련하여 운동프로그램을 적용한 국내 선행문헌 42편을 연구대상으로 선정하여 선행연구 특성, 운동프로그램 적용기간, 운동프로그램 구성, 노인 우울증에 대한 운동프로그램 효과에 대해 분석하였고 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 선행문헌에서 대부분 여성 노인과 혼성을 대상으로 한 연구가 대부분을 차지하였고 남성 노인을 대상으로 한 연구는 나타나지 않았다. 연령은 65세 이상이 대부분을 차지하였고, 피험자 수는 50명 이하가 가장 많이 차지하였다. 그룹에서는 운동군/통제군이 있는 선행연구가 대부분이었고 참여기관 및 지역은 거주지역/공공기관 및 요양시설이 대부분을 차지하였다. 둘째, 운동프로그램 적용기간은 기간은 12주 이상 적용한 선행연구가 대부분이었고, 주당 운동 빈도는 1-2회와 3-4회가 대부분을 차지하였다. 1회 운동시간에서 60분 의 운동프로그램을 적용한 선행문헌이 대부분을 차지하였다. 셋째, 운동프로그램 구성 내용은 유산소 운동 과 유·무산소가 복합된 복합운동으로 구성한 선행문헌이 대부분을 차지하였다. 넷째, 운동프로그램 효과에 대해서는 체력요소에 효과가 나타났으며 우울증과 인지기능에서 운동의 효과가 있음을 확인하였다.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been widely used in clinical fields and done by three components: photosensitizers (PSs), light and oxygen. Under the action of PS as an energy transforming media, the light energy is converted to chemical energy to make effects on target. In the process of PDT, its effect is determined a lot by the parameter of light and the characteristics of PSs. With the development of light source and photosensitizer, the application of PDT has been investigated in oral diseases. This review mainly focused on the effect of PDT on non-tumor diseases of oral cavity, including endodontic, periodontal and mucosal problem. Compared with the normal therapy, the combination therapy with PDT could obtain better efficacy. It was suggested that PDT showed great advantages as an adjuvant therapy in the above oral diseases. Through a further improvement, PDT is expected to play an increasingly important role on the oral disease treatment in the future.

본 논문에서는 농장동물을 활용한 동물매개치료 문헌연구를 통해 프로그램 적용 사례를 살펴보고, 관련 연구와 활동에 필요한 자료는 제공하고자 한다. 국내외 농장동물을 활용한 동물매개치료 연구를 보면 반려동물을 매개로 한 동물매개 치료와 마찬가지로 우울 감소, 불안감소, 사회성 향상 검증되었고, 특히 정신 질환이나 자 폐 같은 다양한 정신문제에 긍정적인 효과가 검증되었다. 하지만 과학적인 연구가 아직 부족한 실정으로 대상자와 대상 질환에 맞는 농장동물매개치료 프로그램의 개발연구가 필요하다.

This study aims to investigate the food preservation methods adopted by the Joseon Dynasty, which existed before the 17th century. A total of 232 food preservation methods were discovered in 25 books, and could be classified by their targeted food types: vegetables (84), sea foods (60), meats (41), fruits (37), and others (10). Depending on the preservation method applied, they are classified as food drying, soaking, mud cellar preservation, and other preservation. Food drying is further classified into 8 sub-types: drying, sun-drying, shadow-drying, wind-drying, dry heat, combined drying, smoking, and others. Soaking could be sub-divided into using salt, ash, dry sand, bran, fermented paste, wet distillers grains, oil, and others. Mud cellar preservation is sub-classified into installing shelf inside the mud cellar, making the mud cellar for food preservation, and making hole or underground tunnel for food preservation. Other food preservation methods include minimizing moisture loss by applying beeswax on a section of the vegetable stem, and cutting the vegetables or fruits with their branches and leaves for food preservation.

This study categorized and made considerations of the fermented soybean pastes into Meju, Chungjang, Si, mixed Jang, and other Jang in accordance with the manufacturing methods described in the fermented soybean paste section of Sangayorok (1450’s), Suunjapbang (1540’s) and Gyemiseo (1554). These are ancient cook books written in Chinese characters during the first half of the Joseon Dynasty. The content on the fermented soybean pastes recorded in these books included 24 items in Sangayorok, 11 items in Suunjapbang, and 14 items in Gyemiseo. In conclusion, the most important fermented soybean pastes during the first half of the Joseon Dynasty were those used to produce soy sauce-like seasoning for the purpose of a-chieving a salty taste with Meju made of soybeans as the main ingredient. The manufacturing techniques for such traditional fermented soybean pastes have been passed down through history to the present era.

This study reviewed the literature on the changes in Maekjeok, Seoryamyeok and Neobiani. Choi Nam-sun first mentioned the Maekjeok in「Maeilsinbo」 as a “Buyeo·Goguryeo” style meat roast in 1937. Maekjeok was assumed to be made of various kinds of meat, including wild boars, and it was seasoned and baked as a whole. Seoryamyeok is a royal food found in Uigwe of the Joseon Dynasty and meat that was also eaten in the private sector. In 1609, the ingredients for the dish were pork, but beef was later used. The recipe has been simplified since the 19th century. Neobiani is known as royal cuisine, but it does not appear in official records. The first known record thus far is ‘Neobiani’ in「Siuijeonseo」. On the other hand, ‘Neobuhalmi’ which was presumed to be the same food as ‘Neobiani’, was found in a「Dictionnaire Coreen- Francais」(1880). In addition, ‘Neobiani’ was found in「A Korean-English dictionary」(1897). From Maekjeok, followed by Seoryamyeok and Neobiani, Korean roasting meat culture has a common feature of roasting pre-sauced meat, and this trait has continued to bulgogi.

Brain abscesses caused by odontogenic infection are a rare and life-threatening condition. When dental patients show neurological symptoms such as decreased consciousness, a brain abscess should be considered as a possible diagnosis. We reported that a 65-year-old man visited the emergency room because of left facial edema, high fever, limitation of mouth opening and decreased consciousness. CT, bone scan, and microbiologic examination revealed that the brain abscess originated from left mandibular osteomyelitis with an apical lesion in tooth #36. It was hard to diagnose the location of odontogenic infection. Because there were no evidence of submandibular abscess which is a common path of mandibular posterior infection, early diagnosis was difficult. MRI and radiographs such as facial CT and brain CT revealed procedure that inflammatory findings progressed through the coronoid process, the temporal space, into the subdural space. We compared the present case to previous cases, articles published after the year 2000 in Korea and abroad were investigated. The patient was treated successfully with extraction of causative teeth, drainage surgery, intravenous antibiotics by collaboration between the department of oral maxillofacial surgery and neurosurgery. It is difficult to diagnose brain abscess because central nervous system can be infected by various pathway. As shown in this case, patients with a brain abscess caused by a dental infection should be diagnosed and treated with a multidisciplinary approach.

Sialadenoma papilliferum (SP) is a rare tumor that develops from salivary glands. First described by Abrams and Finck, the tumor shows a papillary form. The most frequent location of this tumor is the palate. In this case, we report a 63 year old man with a lesion located at the right retromolar of the mandible which might have caused bone resorption. Among with this case report, this paper discuss the feature of this rare tumor. The cases were searched from the pubmed website (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/) using the keyword ‘sialadenoma papilliferum’. Out of total 65 cases 41 patients were male and 19 patients were female. 4 patients were under the age of 20, 4 patients were between 21 and 40, 25 patients were between 41 and 60, 23 patients were between 61 and 80 and 4 patients were over 81 years old. The number of patients with the size of the lesion less than 1cm were 23, 16 patients had the size of 1cm to 2cm and 8 patients lesion were larger than 2cm. 22 lesions were located at the hard palate, 2 were at the soft palate, 6 were at the junction of hard and soft palate, 8 were at the buccal mucosa, 1 was at the upper lip mucosa, 3 were at the retromolar pad, 2 were at the tongue, 4 were at the parotid gland, 2 were at the floor of mouth, 1 was at the faucial pillar, 3 were at the bronchus, 1 was at the esophagus, 2 were at the nasopharynx, 1 was at the nasal septum, 1 was at the lung, 1was at the nasal cavity. In this case the lesion was found at an unusual location and although SP is known to be a benign tumor it may present bone resorption and have malignant characteristics.

Squamous odontogenic tumor (SOT) is a relatively rare, benign, small (rarely > 1.5 cm in diameter), but locally infiltrative and occasionally aggressive odontogenic epithelial lesion that appears to have harmatomous and neoplastic characteristics [1]. SOT is often asymptomatic, although it can present with mildly painful gingival swelling or tooth mobility. Radiographically, SOT is usually visualized as an irregularly or triangularly shaped unilocular radiolucency associated with the lateral roots of teeth. We report a case of the squamous odontogenic tumor occurring in a 60-year-old female in the right posterior maxilla with unusual radiographic and clinical appearances.

Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease, KFD) is a benign self-limiting lesion that can self-heal when no severe symptoms are present. KFD resembles tuberculous lymphadenitis and malignant lymphoma. Thus, early differential diagnosis will minimize unnecessary evaluation and treatment. Histological examination of a lymph node biopsy or fine needle aspiration could be a reliable method for KFD diagnosis. This study reports a case of histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis of the right cervical lymph node in a 52-year-old female patient. According to the fine needle aspiration biopsy result, the patient was diagnosed with Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease and treated with prednisolone (15 mg/day). After treatment, there was no recurrence or adverse event.

본 연구의 목적은 국내에서 지금까지 이루어진 선행연구를 바탕으로 요가의 양적 연구를 체계적으로 검토하여 그 질적 특성을 종합적으로 이해하는데 있다. 이를 위해 1992년부터 2018년 2월까지 출판된 국내 학술 논문을 대상으로 PRISMA 단계를 거쳐 45편의 연구문헌을 선정하였다. 선정된 문헌들을 체계적 문헌고찰을 활용하여 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 2006년과 2010년 사이에 요가 관련 양적 논문이 가장 많이 발표된 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 국내에서 요가를 주제로 이루어진 양적 연구에서 사용한 주된 요가수행법에 대해서 살펴본 결과, 요가라는 행위 자체를 전반적으로 나타내는 ‘요가’라는 용어가 가장 많이 사용되었다. 셋째, 연구의 주제와 방법에 대해서 살펴본 결과, 특정 연령대를 대상으로 한 연구가 가장 많이 이루어지고 있는 것으로 나타 났다. 요가 프로그램의 효과 측정에 있어서 심리적 효과만을 측정한 연구와 신체적 효과만을 측정한 연구, 그리고 신체적 효과와 심리적 효과를 함께 측정한 연구의 편수에서 큰 차이가 나타나지 않는 것으로 나타 났다. 연구대상의 성별에 따라서는 여성을 대상으로 한 연구가 가장 많이 이루어진 것으로 나타났다. 10대 미만의 아동부터 70대 노령기까지 다양한 연령대를 대상으로 연구가 이루어졌다. 연구 인원에 있어서는 20명 미만을 대상으로 한 연구가 가장 많이 이루어졌으며, 연구의 실시 기간은 12주 이상 24주 미만 동안 이루어진 연구가 가장 많은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 국내 요가 양적 연구 고찰에 대한 논의와 제언을 하였다.

목적 : ‘치매관리법’에 따라 전국적으로 치매안심센터가 설립되고, 치매 관련 서비스를 제공할 수 있는 전문 인력의 요구도 증가되고 있다. 하지만 치매안심센터 조기검진팀의 구성원으로 작업치료사는 배제되어 있다. 따라서 치매안심센터 조기검진팀 구성원으로서 작업치료사의 필요성과 중요성을 알아보고자 하며, 이에 근거 자료를 제시하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 치매 평가영역에서 작업치료사의 역할에 대한 문헌을 중심으로 고찰하였으며, 작업치료사가 시행하는 평가도구 및 평가영역에 대하여 국내 및 국외 연구, 보건복지부 치매정책 관련 자료집과 치매센터 책자를 통하여 자료를 수집하였다. 치매안심센터 조기검진팀에서 시행하는 선별검사 및 신경인지검사와 작업치료사가 주로 사용하는 인지관련 평가도구의 항목들을 분석하였다. 결과 : 작업치료 수행영역에서 인지ᆞ지각영역의 평가 및 치료는 중요도나 수행도 측면에서 상위에 위치한다. 치매안심센터의 평가와 작업치료사들이 임상에서 사용하는 평가는 6가지 인지영역(기억력, 시공간 능력, 집중력, 실행능력, 계산능력, 언어능력)에서 중복되어 사용되고 있다. 결론 : 본 연구에서 작업치료사는 인지ᆞ지각 평가 영역에서 충분한 자질을 갖추고 있는 전문가임을 제시 하였기에 치매안심센터 조기검진팀의 구성원으로 포함되어야 하는 근거자료가 될 것이다. 본 연구는 앞으로 보건복지부에 치매정책관련 개정사항으로 의견 제출 시 유용하게 활용 될 것이다.