This study develops a correction model to improve the accuracy of horizontal spectral accelerations estimated by stochastic extended finite-fault simulation (EXSIM) in southeastern Korea. EXSIM predictions for five earthquakes (M4.3-5.5) recorded at eight stations reveal frequency-dependent residuals, with a tendency to underpredict spectral accelerations at frequencies ≥ 3 Hz. These discrepancies are correlated with eight variables: moment magnitude, stress drop, hypocentral distance, azimuth, average shear wave velocity up to 30 m in depth, relative elevation, and slope. To address these discrepancies, a multiple linear regression model is developed using eight variables that reflect earthquake source characteristics, wave-propagation paths, and site-specific conditions, including azimuth and topographic effects not fully accounted for in the original EXSIM. Application of this correction model substantially improves predictive performance, reducing root-mean-square error by 18.8% to 81.0% for the test sets. The corrected response spectra show good overall agreement with observations, including high-frequency spectral peaks. This approach enables the construction of reliable ground-motion databases. It enhances the accuracy of EXSIM predictions for scenario earthquakes, providing a practical tool for seismic hazard assessment in regions with sparse observational data.

본 연구의 목적은 그릿과 성장마인드셋의 이론적 개념을 통합하고, C-PLUS 코칭모델에 기반한 그릿코칭 프로그램을 개발하여 그 구성 체계를 제시하는 데 있다. 최근 개인의 지속적 성장과 장기적 목표 달성을 설명하는 핵심 심리 자원 으로 그릿과 성장마인드셋이 주목받고 있으나, 두 개념을 통합적으로 다루고 이 를 코칭 프로그램으로 구조화한 연구는 제한적이다. 이에 본 연구는 긍정심리학 과 자기결정성 이론을 토대로, 성장마인드셋이 도전과 실패를 학습의 기회로 재 해석함으로써 그릿의 지속적 발현을 촉진하는 통합 이론 구조를 제안하였다. 연 구 목적을 달성하기 위해 문헌 분석과 ADDIE 모형에 근거한 프로그램 개발 절 차를 적용하였다. 개발 과정에서는 C-PLUS 코칭모델을 가치 기반 틀로 설정하 고, ACTIVE 코칭대화모델을 실행 구조로 반영하였다. 그 결과, 총 7개 모듈로 구성된 C-PLUS 그릿코칭 프로그램을 개발하였으며, 각 모듈은 개념 이해–활 동 적용–코칭 실습의 구조로 설계되었다. 본 프로그램은 그릿과 성장마인드셋 의 핵심 요소를 코칭 역량과 연계하여 체계화하였다는 점에서 이론적·교육적 의 의를 지니며, 코치 교육과 조직 및 교육 현장에서의 적용 가능성을 제시한다.

본 연구는 공공서비스 AI가 인권을 침해하는 구조적 메커니즘을 분석하고, 인권기반 거버넌스 모델을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 공공서비스 AI의 권리 침해는 단순한 기술 결함이 아닌 제도 설계와 운영 과정에서 구조적으로 발생한다. 이에 본 연구는 인권기반접근(HRBA)을 이론적 토대로 삼아, 네덜란드 SyRI와 호주 Robodebt 사례를 비교 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 공공서비스 AI의 인권 침해는 3단계 메커니즘 을 통해 형성되고 누적된다. 첫째, 설계 단계에서 행정 효율성 중심의 목표가 우선되면서 권리 보호 장치가 충분히 내장되지 못한다. 둘째, 운영 단계에서 자동화된 판단이 알 권리와 이의제기권을 실질적으로 약화 시킨다. 셋째, 결과 단계에서 사회경제적 취약 집단에 감시와 제재가 불균형하게 집중된다. 이러한 발견에 기초하여 본 연구는 공공서비스 AI를 국가 권력 행사의 새로운 인프라로 재정의하고, 인권영향평가(HRIA) 를 핵심으로 하는 거버넌스 체계를 제안한다. 이는 기존의 위험기반 규제가 간과한 절차적 권리 보장과 구조적 차별 통제를 통해 공공서비스 AI 거버넌스의 인권적 공백을 보완하는 데 기여한다.

With the rapid transition to an aging society, the need for assistive technologies that promote independent indoor living for the elderly and mobility-impaired has become increasingly critical. This study proposes the development of a next-generation powered chair designed to support such independence by compensating for mobility limitations caused by natural aging. The proposed system incorporates two core functionalities: (1) an low seat-lifting mechanism capable of lowering the seat height to 7 cm, and (2) a short-range autonomous driving mode operable in both lowered and lifted positions. The low driving mode enables the user to approach low tables or desks and facilitates effortless transfer to and from low beds or sofas. In the lifted position, the system performs real-time obstacle detection and avoidance within a 3-meter range, preventing falls and collisions while expanding the user’s range of motion— for instance, by allowing access to higher objects or enabling eye-level communication with standing individuals. To realize these functions, a rack-and-pinion lifting mechanism is applied, along with a direct target-point designation method utilizing an LED pointer and a wiper-type screening approach for real-time obstacle avoidance. The design concept, implementation strategy, and validation plan are presented. This research contributes to enhancing the quality of life for elderly users by maximizing their remaining physical capabilities, while simultaneously reducing the physical and emotional burden on caregivers.

In the manufacturing industry of metallic bellows, accurate cost estimation and quotation generation are crucial because the design dimensions and material specifications vary with each OEM order. This study aims to develop a Microsoft Excel-based software that automatically calculates production costs and generates quotations for single-type and double-type circular bellows based on the EJMA (Expansion Joint Manufacturers Association) 10th Edition design standards. The proposed program integrates the essential cost components — raw materials, forming processes, welding, assembly, inspection, and overhead — into a modular calculation system. Using VBA (Visual Basic for Applications), the system allows users to input design parameters (such as pitch, convolution height, mean diameter, and thickness), after which it automatically computes material consumption, manufacturing time, and total cost, providing an itemized quotation sheet. This automation not only reduces manual calculation errors but also significantly shortens the lead time for quotation preparation. The research demonstrates that the developed system achieves cost estimation accuracy within ±3% of actual production costs and can be easily adapted to different bellows configurations, thereby enhancing productivity and competitiveness in OEM manufacturing environments.

In shipyards, various types of outdoor cranes are utilized to construct large vessels using the block assembly method. The total number of outdoor cranes in domestic shipyards is estimated to be close to 1,000 units. To prevent potential accidents caused by strong winds or other external forces when cranes are in an idle state, safety locking devices must be installed on the lower rail of each crane to prevent unintended movement. Currently, most shipyards employ hydraulic safety locking devices. However, these systems have several drawbacks, including oil leakage, difficulties in power supply maintenance, and the inability to visually confirm the exact locking condition between the device and the rail. To address these issues, this study proposes a new type of motor-driven safety locking device. The design was validated through structural safety evaluation based on finite element analysis(FEA), followed by prototype fabrication and operational testing. The test results confirmed that the developed system met key performance criteria such as operation time, clamping force, and safety factor. The application of the proposed safety device is expected to enhance the operational safety of crane systems and reduce the workload of operators, thereby contributing to a safer working environment in shipyards.

본 연구의 목적은 사회복지사의 직무스트레스, 업무만족, 경력개발지원 간의 관계를 살펴보고, 그 사이에서 직무스트레스와 경력개발지원의 상 호작용을 확인하는 것이다. 연구방법은 SPSS 30.0 프로그램을 활용해 주요 변수의 기술통계, 변수 간 상관관계 분석, 다중회귀분석, 경력개발 지원의 조절효과 일변량 분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 직무스트 레스와 경력개발지원, 업무만족의 음의 상관관계를 확인했고, 경력개발지 원과 업무만족의 정의 상관관계를 확인했다. 둘째, 직무스트레스가 높을 수록 업무만족이 낮아짐을 확인했다(β=-.653, p<.001). 셋째, 경력개발지 원이 높을수록 업무만족이 높아짐을 확인했다(β=.348, p<.001). 마지막으 로, 직무스트레스와 경력개발지원의 상호작용이 업무만족에 유의미한 영 향을 미침을 검증했다(β=.104, p<.001). 이에 따른 결과적 함의로 사회복 지사의 직무스트레스, 업무만족, 경력개발 지원을 위한 정책 및 실천적 함의를 제시했다.

본 연구는 준거집단(취직자)들의 활동 데이터 뱅크를 생성하여 예비 취업자(고등교육기관의 체 육계열 전공자)들이 현재까지 활동했던 데이터를 데이터마이닝 기반 추천 알고리즘을 적용해 예비 취업자 들에게 가장 적합한 직업군을 추천해주는 스포츠 일자리 추천모형을 개발하고 검증하는 것이다. 따라서 평 가지표를 구성하고, 준거집단을 대상으로 인터뷰 및 조사를 통해 데이터 뱅크를 생성했다. 또한 비확률 표 본추출법 중 할당표본 추출법과 눈덩이표본 추출법을 적용해 예비 취업자 조사를 실시했으며, 총 921명의 자료를 통해 스포츠 일자리 추천모형 개발과 유사도를 통해 모형을 검증했다. 즉, 본 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 준거집단과 예비 취업자의 평가지표를 구성했다. 둘째, 준거집단의 데이터 뱅크를 생성했다. 셋째, 스 포츠 전공 청년들을 위한 일자리 추천모형을 개발하고, 유사도를 통해 모형을 검증했다.

As science and technology advance, the demand for materials capable of withstanding extreme environments has steadily been increasing. Among them, structural materials that can operate reliably at high temperatures remain a critical field of development. Single-crystal nickel-based superalloys are among the most advanced metallic materials, capable of sustaining stresses at the highest operating temperatures, and are widely used for gas turbine blades. Since the efficiency of a gas turbine increases with higher turbine inlet temperature, the development of alloys capable of operating under such extreme conditions has been a continuing challenge. Significant progress has been achieved by adding refractory elements such as Re and Ru, leading to superalloy generations classified according to their content. While advanced countries initially led the development of 4th and 5th generation alloys containing high amounts of Re and Ru, recent trends have emphasized cost competitiveness, by reducing these expensive elements while maintaining high-temperature performance. Alongside Western countries, China has also invested heavily in optimizing Re and Ru content for material self-reliance. For Korea, the local realization of single-crystal superalloys is essential not only for industrial gas turbines but also for defense-related jet engines. At the Korea Institute of Materials Science, extensive research has been carried out to develop alloys tailored to different conditions. Recently, a Re-free single-crystal superalloy was developed that exhibits superior creep resistance compared to conventional Re-containing alloys, even outperforming TMS-1700, the world-class Re-free alloy developed at NIMS, Japan. Optimization studies toward commercialization are ongoing, contributing to the national goal of self-reliance in extreme high-temperature materials.

This study explored the population dynamics of the endangered perennial plant Pterygopleurum neurophyllum (Maxim.) Kitag through a multi-year winter deadbiomass removal approach. In 2022, a total population census was conducted at Wondong Wetland (Yangsan, Korea), where seven spatially independent patches were identified (P-1 to P-7). From 2023 to 2025, winter dead-biomass removal was implemented in two of these patches (P-1 and P-2), while the remaining patches served as controls. Annual population counts were monitored, and the effects of winter dead-biomass removal over time were analyzed using a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) with a Poisson distribution. The interaction between management and year was highly significant (Wald χ 2=103.93, p<0.001), indicating differing temporal trajectories between the removal and control populations. No significant management effect was observed in 2023; however, the removal plots demonstrated a dramatic increase in 2024 (EMMs: Control=5.05 vs. Removal=92.77), which continued in 2025 (3.89 vs. 104.99). These findings indicate that winter dead-biomass removal significantly promotes the population expansion of P. neurophyllum, with ecological responses emerging cumulatively rather than immediately. This study provides empirical evidence that repeated winter dead-biomass removal, rather than a single-year disturbance, is crucial for the restoration and conservation of endangered wetland plant species.

연안개발은 항만 건설, 매립, 준설, 해상풍력 단지 조성 등 여러 형태로 이루어지며, 이 과정에서 수질과 생태계 가 크게 변할 수 있다. 우리나라는 이러한 영향을 관리하기 위해 「해양이용영향평가법」을 운영하고 있지만, 현재 분기 별 또는 반기별 사업규모와 환경변수에 따라 5정점에서 20정점 실측만을 의무화하고 있다. 위성원격탐사의 공간분포 및 관측 주기에서 오는 장점에도 불구하고, 주로 구조물 위치와 공정 현황을 확인하는 수준에서만 위성영상이 사용되고 있으며, 실제 수질과 생태계의 변화를 평가하는 데 활용되는 경우는 전무하다. 본 연구는 위성 원격탐사가 해양이용영향평가에 더 폭넓게 활용될 수 있는 가능성을 재평가하였다. 구체적으로, GOCI-II, Sentinel-2, Landsat, PlanetScope 등 다양한 위성 자료를 이용하여 탁도, 클로로필-a, 적조 지표, 잘피와 같은 중요 연안서식지의 변화를 모니터링할 수 있는 가능성을 모색하였으며, 공사 전과 후를 비교하여 개발로 인한 변화를 정량적으로 파악할 수 있는 방법을 제안하였다. 이와 같은 위성 기반 모니터링을 현장조사와 함께 활용할 경우 해양환경 변화를 보다 넓은 시공간 범위에 걸쳐 관찰할 수 있을 것이며, 이로써 향후 연안개발의 영향 평가를 보다 객관적으로 수행하고 정책적 의사결정에 중요하게 기여할 것으로 기대된다

Soybean (Glycine max L.) is a crucial global crop, serving as a significant source of protein and oil. However, its productivity is increasingly at risk due to climate change, particularly from drought stress. While conventional breeding has successfully identified and crossed drought-tolerant genotypes like DT2008 and slow-wilting lines, these efforts face challenges such as lengthy breeding cycles, strong environmental influences, and limited yield improvements. Molecular techniques, including genome-wide association studies, quantitative trait locus mapping, and marker-assisted selection, have enhanced the efficiency of identifying and selecting beneficial traits. Nevertheless, drought tolerance remains a complex polygenic trait. Biotechnology advancements introduce new possibilities; for instance, genetic modification has incorporated drought-responsive genes like AtDREB1A, codA, and GmNAC to improve survival, osmoprotection, and root development under water stress. Additionally, genome editing tools such as CRISPR/Cas9 allow for precise modifications of key loci and may enjoy greater public acceptance than traditional GM crops. Notable successes, such as the TN16-520R1 cultivar, which combines drought and herbicide tolerance, highlight the potential of integrating these technologies. Accurate evaluation methods are critical, with laboratory assays offering physiological insights, greenhouse experiments assessing gene function, and field trials confirming performance in real-world conditions. Future advancements in soybean breeding for drought tolerance will rely on integrating these complementary screening methods into high-throughput phenotyping pipelines to expedite the breeding process. In summary, improving soybean drought tolerance demands a synergistic approach that merges traditional diversity-based breeding with cutting-edge molecular techniques and genome editing. Key priorities include discovering functional genes, implementing precision phenotyping in field settings, and developing integrated breeding pipelines that simultaneously address drought and other stresses, such as heat and disease. This strategy aims to produce resilient cultivars capable of maintaining soybean productivity in the face of climate change.

This pilot study aimed to develop a novel type of functional dietary management food for individuals with diabetes, utilizing a soup and bread format, and to evaluate its postprandial glycemic response and consumer acceptability. Two types of soup and bread meals—tomato vegetable soup and curry chicken soup—were formulated using chickpeas and low-fat meat and were compared with a commercially available diabetic management meal. In a randomized crossover design, 15 participants consumed one of three meals (experimental or commercial diabetic meal) on separate days. Blood glucose levels were measured at 0, 30, 60, and 120 minutes post-meal. Experimental meals showed stable glycemic responses evidenced by decreased Area Under the Curve (AUC) (Tomato 12839.0±1432.8, Curry 12683.0±1408.4) compared to commercial meals (15485.0±1870.5, p<0.05). Sensory evaluation revealed moderate acceptability, and subjective hunger, satiety, and food cravings were also assessed, but showed no significant differences among three types of meal. Although limited by the small sample size and short intervention duration, these findings provide preliminary evidence supporting the feasibility of tailored meal solutions for metabolic conditions. Further large-scale, long-term studies are warranted to validate these outcomes and optimize product development for diverse populations.

토마토는 전 세계적으로 가장 널리 재배되는 채소 중 하나로, 온실에서 주로 재배된다. 온실 재배는 토마토의 생산성을 높이는 데 유리하지만, 제어된 환경은 해충의 발생과 밀도를 증가시키는 요인이 될 수 있다. 담배가루이(Bemisia tabaci)는 토마토 작물에 심각한 피해를 주는 대표적인 해 충으로, 작물의 생육을 저해할 뿐만 아니라 다양한 식물병을 매개하여 수확량 감소를 초래하며 살충제 저항성이 보고된 바, 종합적 방제 전략을 적용 할 필요가 있다. 담배가루이의 종합적 해충 방제는 우선 개체군 동태에 따른 밀도를 정확히 예측하고 이에 따라 관리 전략을 수립해야 한다. 본 연구 에서는 토마토 온실에서 담배가루이 노숙 유충(nymph)의 밀도와 감염률을 분석하기 위해 이항분포모형(binomial distribution model)을 개발했 다. 분석 결과, 온실 토마토에서 담배가루이 노숙 유충의 밀도는 하단에서 높은 밀도를 보였으며, 공간분포 분석을 통해 담배가루이가 집중 분포하 는 경향을 확인하였고, 이항분포모형을 개발하여 최적 tally threshold ()값은 3으로 도출하였다. 개발된 이항분포모형의 정확도는 표본 크기에는 영향을 받지 않았지만 값에 따라서는 차이가 있었다. 독립적인 데이터(2022년 데이터)를 이용하여 모형의 예측력을 점검한 결과, 밀도 예측력이 높으며, 경제적 피해 수준을 고려한 방제 기준 설정에 적합하였다. 이항표본 추출법은 시간과 비용 절감 효과가 있어 온실 해충 관리의 효율적인 대 안이 될 수 있으며, 종합적 해충방제 전략과의 연계로 지속 가능한 방제 체계를 구축하는 데 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

In this study, the development of a new white beech mushroom (Hypsizygus marmoreus) cultivar, ‘Baekmaru24’, is described, and its growth characteristics and field adaptability are evaluated. ‘Baekmaru24’ was bred from the parent strains, KMCC05528 and KMCC05529, through controlled crossing and multi-stage line selection, resulting in the final elite line, ‘HWD-22-116’. Mycelial growth tests demonstrated that the cultivar had superior growth under low temperatures (10–15 °C) and on YM medium, with optimal growth at 20–25 °C. In indoor bottle cultivation, the per-bottle yield was 146 g per 850 mL, which was 8% higher than that of the control cultivar (135 g). The fruiting bodies had stipes with a mean of 70.5 mm, which is approximately 10 mm longer than that of the control, and they had highly uniform clusters, enhancing marketability. Field trials at two farms confirmed a significant increase in yield of approximately 11 % over existing commercial cultivars, together with a generally superior morphology, including larger caps, longer stipes, and greater tissue firmness. Somatic incompatibility testing revealed a distinct demarcation zone between ‘Baekmaru24’ and its parent strains, indicating that it is a genetically independent cultivar. Overall, these results demonstrate that ‘Baekmaru24’ has stable growth, high productivity, and favorable fruiting-body characteristics under both controlled and farm conditions, supporting its potential as a high-quality commercial mushroom cultivar.

This study proposes a lightweight algorithm for real-time front-vehicle detection using low-resolution camera footage under various driving conditions. The proposed method first extracts driving lanes using Canny edge detection and the Hough transform, thus enabling efficient lane detection. A forward region of interest (ROI) is delineated based on the extracted lane geometry. Subsequently, YOLOv11 is employed to detect vehicles within each frame, where only those located inside the defined ROI are classified as preceding vehicles. To evaluate the applicability of the proposed method in diverse environments, its performance was assessed across six driving scenarios: normal driving, traffic congestion, complex structural environments, nighttime, tunnel sections, and sharp curves. Experimental results show that the proposed approach maintains a stable detection accuracy across different conditions while offering a low computational cost and a high processing speed. Compared with segmentation-based deep-learning lane-detection models, the proposed method demonstrates superior real-time capability and can operate using only a built-in monocular camera without relying on expensive sensors such as LiDAR, radar, or artificial markers. This study serves as a foundation for vision-based ADASs, front-vehicle-following control, and road-hazard detection systems.

본 연구는 문화도시에 관한 국제 연구 동향과 법정 문화도시 제 도에서 공주 문화도시 정책의 형성과 발전 방향을 밝히는 것을 목 적으로 한다. 이를 위해 유럽문화수도, 아메리카문화수도, 유네스코 창의도시 네트워크 등 해외 사례와 지역문화진흥법에 기반한 국내 제도 구조를 검토하고, 공주시 전역의 인구·사회·지리 특성과 문화 기반시설 분포를 분석하였다. 공주가 제시한 세계적 역사문화관광도시이자 미래문화유산도시 비 전과 3대 특성화 앵커사업인 미래유산도시페스타, 휴먼유산 꾼, 공주 그림상점로의 관계를 살피고, 시민 참여, 조직과 인력, 재정, 기록 체 계를 중심으로 공주 문화도시 정책의 장기 운영 조건을 정리하였다. 연구 결과 공주시는 선사와 고대 유적, 금강과 계룡산으로 대표 되는 자연환경, 도서관, 박물관 등이 겹쳐 있는 도시 구조를 바탕으 로, 생활권 전반을 잇는 문화 네트워크를 구축할 잠재력을 지니고 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 축제, 인력, 공간을 매개로 한 특성화 앵 커사업이 시민의 일상, 지역경제, 도시 이미지 형성을 함께 아우르 는 틀로 작동할 수 있으나, 이를 실제 성과로 잇기 위해서는 행정 과 센터의 역할 구분, 시 자체 예산과 공모 재원의 조합, 사업 전 과정을 다루는 아카이빙과 시내외 협력 구조가 더 정교하게 마련되 어야 함이 드러났다. 본 연구는 공주 문화도시의 제도적, 문화적 조건을 종합적으로 정리하고, 공주가 역사문화도시이자 미래문화유산도시로 자리 잡기 위한 특성화 방향과 장기 전략을 제시했다는 점에서 의의를 갖는다. 또한 공주의 경험을 인구 감소와 청년 유출 등 유사한 조건을 지닌 중소도시와 공유할 수 있는 사례로 향후 문화도시 정책 설계와 평 가, 후속 계획 수립에 참고가 될 수 있는 기초 틀을 마련하였다.

This study develops a post-value for money (post-VfM) evaluation model for public–private partnership (PPP) road projects in Korea. Following the abolition of the minimum revenue guarantee system, the demand risk was transferred to the private sector, thus necessitating an unbiased and data-driven assessment under the new adjusted build-transfer-operate (BTO-a) framework. The proposed model extends the existing ex-ante VfM analysis by incorporating actual operational data and estimating government payments for both public-sector comparator and private finance initiative alternatives on a lifecycle cost basis. Using an actual BTO project restructured as BTO-a, the simulation shows that the post-VfM ratio increases from 23.5% to 37.9%, thus confirming fiscal efficiency and balanced risk sharing. This model enables feedback between planning and operation, supports transparent policy evaluation, and provides a foundation for sustainable PPP governance in future infrastructure projects.

This study presents a career-integrated English education model incorporating generative AI through two tracks: (1) content development, where English education majors in four career-oriented groups (teaching vs. non-teaching; decided vs. undecided) created TOEIC-format listening materials aligned with their interests; and (2) classroom application, where the AI-generated content was implemented in first-year general classes with 103 students. Career maturity was measured by a 30-item scale, and content effectiveness by ratings of difficulty, appropriateness, usefulness, and effectiveness. Results showed that content-related factors, not learner background, best predicted overall satisfaction. Although no statistically significant differences were found, education majors tended to rate the materials as slightly more useful and slightly less difficult. Pre–post tests showed improved decisiveness, suggesting that AI-integrated, career-oriented instruction enhanced students’ confidence in career decision-making and demonstrated the potential of generative AI in fostering professional competence and career readiness.