정신분열은 대표적인 신경정신성 질환으로 정신분열 환자들은 정신적, 감정적 및 행동적인 장애로 인해 고통받고 있다. 이 연구는 흰쥐를 대상으로 정신분열을 유도함으로써 골격근 조직에서 반응하는 혈관생성 관련 단백질의 변화를 살펴보고 규칙적인 운동의 효과를 알아보고자 수행되었다. 연구의 목적을 위해 흰쥐(SD rats) 총 18마리를 통제(n=6), 정신분열(n=6), 정신분열+운동(n=6) 집단으로 구분하였다. 정신분열 및 정신분열+운동 집단은 총 2주 동안 MK-801처치를 통해 정신분열을 유도하였으며, 정신분열+운동 집단은 4주간 규칙적인 유산소성 운동을 수행하였다. 유산소성 운동은 실험동물용 트레드밀을 이용하여 수행되었으며 HIF-1α 및 VEGF 단백질은 western blot을 통해 관찰하였다. 연구결과, HIF-1α 단백질은 집단간 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>.05). VEGF 단백질의 경우, 통제집단보다 정신 분열 집단에서 유의하게 낮게 나타났으며(p<.01), 정신분열+운동 집단의 VEGF가 정신분열 집단보다 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<.01). 따라서 골격근 내 혈관생성 관련 단백질들은 정신분열 유도에 의해 낮아질 수 있으며 반대로 운동은 이를 개선하는 효과를 가지는 것으로 사료된다.

In this study, we investigate the relationship between the peeling behavior of the backsheet of a photovoltaic(PV) module and its surface temperature in order facilitate removal of the backsheet from the PV module. At low temperatures, the backsheet does not peel off whereas, at high temperatures, part of the backsheet remains on the surface of the PV module after the peeling process. The backsheet material remaining on the surface of the PV module is confirmed by X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis to be poly-ethylene(PE). Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) is also performed to investigate the interfacial characteristics of the layers of the PV module. In particular, DSC provides the melting temperature(Tm) of laminated ethylene vinyl acetate(EVA) and of the backsheet on the PV module. It is found that the backsheet does not peel off below the Tm of ethylene of EVA, while the PE layer of the backsheet remains on the surface of the PV module above the Tm of the PE. Thus, the backsheet is best removed at a temperature between the Tm of ethylene and that of PE layer.

In this study, using a wet chemical process, we evaluate the effectiveness of different solution concentrations in removing layers from a solar cell, which is necessary for recovery of high-purity silicon . A 4-step wet etching process is applied to a 6-inch back surface field(BSF) solar cell. The metal electrode is removed in the first and second steps of the process, and the anti-reflection coating(ARC) is removed in the third step. In the fourth step, high purity silicon is recovered by simultaneously removing the emitter and the BSF layer from the solar cell. It is confirmed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy(ICP-MS) and secondary ion mass spectroscopy(SIMS) analyses that the effectiveness of layer removal increases with increasing chemical concentrations. The purity of silicon recovered through the process, using the optimal concentration for each process, is analyzed using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy(ICP-AES). In addition, the silicon wafer is recovered through optimum etching conditions for silicon recovery, and the solar cell is remanufactured using this recovered silicon wafer. The efficiency of the remanufactured solar cell is very similar to that of a commercial wafer-based solar cell, and sufficient for use in the PV industry.

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the quality characteristics of Brassica juncea cultivated in Jeongseon (BJJ), South Korea. We analyzed the nutritional components and antioxidant activity of BJJ. As a result of the free sugar analysis, the contents of glucose and fructose in BJJ were 0.29±0.02 g/100 g and 0.10±0.00 g/100 g, respectively. The major fatty acids were palmitic acid, octadecenoic acid and stearic acid. The palmitic acid was the highest at 31.22% of all fatty acids. The major minerals were identified as Ca, P, K, Mg and Na. The contents of vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin C and vitamin E in BJJ were 0.02±0.00 mg/100 g, 0.087±0.01 mg/100 g, 0.02±0.00 mg/100 g, 0.56±0.06 mg/100 g and 0.20±0.03 mg α-TE/100 g, respectively. As a result of the free amino acid analysis, total amino acid contents in BJJ were 2,801.21±115.38 mg/100 g. L-proline content was the highest (744.30±119.06 mg/100 g) in BJJ. BJJ extract inhibits reactive oxygen species production in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Also, BJJ extract exhibits a protective effect on oxidative stress in H2O2-induced human dermal fibroblast. These results indicate that BJJ comprises various valuable nutrients which can be used as functional food ingredients.

Piezoelectric ceramic specimens with the Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.65Ti0.35O3 (PMN-PT) composition are prepared by the solid state reaction method known as the “columbite precursor” method. Moreover, the effects of the Li2O-Bi2O3 additive on the microstructure, crystal structure, and piezoelectric properties of sintered PMN-PT ceramic samples are investigated. The addition of Li2O-Bi2O3 lowers the sintering temperature from 1,200oC to 950oC. Moreover, with the addition of >5 wt.% additive, the crystal structure changes from tetragonal to rhombohedral. Notably, the sample with 3 wt.% additive exhibits excellent piezoelectric properties (d33 = 596 pC/N and Kp = 57%) and a sintered density of 7.92 g/cm3 after sintering at 950oC. In addition, the sample exhibits a curie temperature of 138.6oC at 1 kHz. Finally, the compatibility of the sample with a Cu electrode is examined, because the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy data indicate the absence of interdiffusion between Cu and the ceramic material.

Information and communication technologies are developing rapidly as IC chip size becomes smaller and information processing becomes faster. With this development, digital circuit technology is being widely applied to mobile phones, wireless LANs, mobile terminals, and digital communications, in which high frequency range of GHz is used. In highdensity electronic circuits, issues of noise and EMC(Electro-Magnetic Compatibility) arising from cross talk between interconnects or devices should be solved. In this study, sheet-type electromagnetic wave absorbers that cause electromagnetic wave attenuation are fabricated using composites based on soft magnetic metal powder and silicon rubber to solve the problem of electromagnetic waves generated in wireless communication products operating at the frequency range of 2.4 GHz. Sendust(Fe-Si-Al) and carbonyl iron(Fe-C) were used as soft magnetic metals, and their concentrations and sheet thicknesses were varied. Using soft magnetic metal powder, a sheet is fabricated to exhibit maximum electromagnetic attenuation in the target frequency band, and a value of 34.2dB(99.9 % absorption) is achieved at the target frequency.

‘Japonica 6’(Registration No. BPI-NSIC-2017-Rc 484SR) 은 열대지역에 적응하는 고품질 다수성 자포니카 벼를 개발 하기 위하여 육성되었으며 육성 과정 및 주요 특성은 다음과 같다. 1. ‘Japonica 6’는 열대지역 적응 고품질 자포니카 다수성 품종 육성을 목적으로 2010년 필리핀 소재 국제미작연구소 (IRRI)에서 농촌진흥청 파견 연구원 주도로 인공교배와 계통 육종법으로 육성된 품종이다. 2. 인공교배와 계통육성은 국제미작연구소 온실과 육종포장 에서 실시하였고 열대기후에서 생육과 임실이 안정적인 IR94746-24-3-2-2-2을 선발하여 2015~2016년 2년간 우기 및 건기 각 2회 지역적응시험을 실시한 결과 그 우수성이 인정되어 2017년에 필리핀 벼 품종심의위원회에서 장려품종으로 선정하였다. 2. ‘Japonica 6’은 파종부터 수확까지 생육일수가 121일인 중생종으로, 간장은 70 cm, 이삭길이는 21 cm, 주당 이삭수 16개였으며, 현미 천립중이 26.7 g으로 단원형 중대립이다. 3. ‘Japonica 6’의 병해충 반응은 도열병과 잎집무늬마름병에서 중도 저항성을 보였으나, 흰잎마름병, 퉁그루바이러스, 멸구류에는 저항성이 없다. 4. ‘Japonica 6’의 도정특성 중 도정률은 73.0%로 대비품종인 ‘MS11’보다 높았고 완전미도정수율은 64.2%로 ‘MS11’보다 유의하게 개선되었다. 5. ‘Japonica 6’의 쌀수량은 필리핀 5개 지역에서 지역적응 시험 결과 평균 3.59 MT/ha으로 대비품종 ‘MS11’보다 43% 높았다.

휴전국인 우리나라는 의무복무제도를 시행하고 있다. 이에 취업 및 진학을 한 20대 초반의 사회 초년생은 군 입대 문제로 많은 고민과 큰 걱정을 하고 있다. 이에 군에 대한 부정적인 인식과 군 생활 적응은 사회가 같이 풀어야 할 문제이다. 따라서 방송사 등 문제 해결을 위해 다각적으로 노력하고 있으나 역부족이다. 실제 군 입대 후 스트레스 및 불안정 심리상태의 장병 비중이 높다. 따라서 본 연구는 군 생활에서 일상적인 방법을 통해 스트레스, 불안감을 감소시키고, 집중력을 향상 시키고자 실행하였다. 주의 집중력 증가 및 스트레스, 불안감의 변화를 측정하기 위해 SMR파 대역의 주파수를 직접 노출시킨 실험군과 그렇지 않은 대조군으로 실험을 진행하였다. 실험군과 대조군대한 대응표본 t-검정 결과는 신뢰수준 95%에서 t=2.487, p=0.042로 유의차가 인정되었다. 즉, 가상사격영상에서 특정 주파수를 제시한 실험군의 피실험자들이 스트레스 및 불안정 심리의 완화효과가 발생하였다. 본 실험의 결과를 활용하면 젊은 장병들의 군 생활 적응에 효과가 높은 것으로 사료된다. 추후 연구에서는 심전도와 뇌파의 상관관계의 확인이 필요하다.

The Korean Astronomical Society (KAS) Education & Public Outreach Committee has provided education services for children and school teachers in Cambodia over the past three years from 2016 to 2018. In the first year, 2016, one KAS member visited Pusat to teach astronomy to about 50 children, and in the following two years of 2017 and 2018, three and six KAS members, respectively, executed education workshops for ∼ 20 (per each year) local school teachers in Sisophon. It turned out that it is desirable to include both teaching of astronomical knowledge and making experiments and observations in the education in order for the program to be more effective. Language barrier was the main obstacle in conveying concepts and knowledge, and having a good interpreter was very important. It happens that some languages, such as the Khmer of Cambodia, do not have astronomical terminologies, so that lecturers and even the education participants together are needed to communicate and create appropriate words. Handout hardcopies of the education materials (presentation files, lecture/experiment summaries, terminologies, etc.) are extremely helpful for the participants. Actual performing of assembling and using astronomical telescopes for night sky observations has been lifetime experience for some of the participants, which might promote zeal for knowledge and education. It is hoped that these education services for developing countries like Cambodia can be regularly continued in the future, and further extended to other countries such as Laos and Myanmar.

부신에서 기원하는 종양 중 갈색세포종은 일반적으로 고형 병변으로 발현되지만, 드물게 낭성 병변으로 발견되는 경우도 있다 . 고혈압과 동반된 부신의 낭성병변에 대해서 갈색세포종을 감별 진단으로 포함시킬 필요가 있으며, 이를 간과할 경우 다발성 장기 부전을 동반하는 고혈압 위기를 초래할 수 있다. 수술 전후에 있어 적절한 조치가 고혈압성 위기를 예방하는 데 있어 중요하다. 저자들은 부신 낭성 부신 병변에 대한 초음파 내시경 유도하 조직 검사로 인하여 유발된 고혈압성 위기가 발생한 갈색세포종 증례를 경험하여 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

The recent development of information and communication technologies brings new changes to automobile traffic systems. The most typical example is the advancement of dedicated short range communication(DSRC). DSRC mainly consists of an intelligent transportation system(ITS), an electronic toll collection system(ETCS) and an advanced traveler information system(ATIS). These wireless communications often cause unnecessary electromagnetic waves, and these electromagnetic waves, in turn, cause frequent system malfunction. To solve this problem, an absorber of electromagnetic waves is suggested. In this research, various materials, such as powdered metal and iron oxides, are used to test the possibility for an effective absorption of the unnecessary electromagnetic waves. The various metal powders are made into a thin sheet form by compositing through processing. The electromagnetic characteristics(complex permittivity, complex permeability) of the fabricated sheet are measured. As a result, we achieve –6.5 dB at 940 MHz(77.6 % absorption rate) with a 1.0 mm-thickness electromagnet wave absorber, and –9.5 dB at 940 MHz(88.8 % absorption rate) with a 2.0 mm-thickness absorber.