국제경영 환경에서 지속 가능한 발전 목표가 널리 수용됨에 따라, 기업의 ESG(환경/Environment, 사회/Social, 거버넌스/Governance) 성과는 글로벌 시장에서 다국적기업의 성공을 결정하는 핵심 지표 중 하나로 자리 잡고 있다. 본 연구는 제도이론에 근거하여 신흥시장 다국적기업의 ESG 성과가 국제화 속도에 어떻게 영향을 미치는가 를 탐구하였다. 이와 더불어 본 연구는 ESG 성과와 국제화 속도 간 관계에 대해 최고경영자의 해외 경험과 기업 의 소유구조, 즉 국유기업 여부가 어떠한 조절 효과를 미치는지에 대해서 검증하였다. 2010년부터 2022년까지 중국 A주 시장에 상장된 1,648개 기업의 8,329개 표본을 분석한 결과, 신흥시장 다국적기업의 ESG 성과는 국 제화 속도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 조절 효과의 분석 결과, 다국적기업 최고경영자의 해외 경 험은 이러한 관계를 약화시키는 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 높은 해외 경험을 가진 최고경영자의 경우, 국제화 속도 를 결정하는 데 있어 ESG 성과에 대한 의존도를 줄이는 한편, 보다 신중한 국제화 전략을 취하기 때문으로 해석 할 수 있다. 또한 신흥시장 다국적기업이 국유기업일 경우에, 민간기업에 비해 ESG 성과와 국제화 속도 간의 긍정 적인 관계가 약화되는 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 국유기업이 ESG 성과를 통해 빠른 국제화 속도를 추진할 때 정당 성 확보의 어려움에 직면할 수 있음을 시사한다. 본 연구의 결과는 다국적기업의 ESG 전략 및 성과가 글로벌 시장 에서 정당성을 강화하고 국제화 전략의 중요한 요인이 될 수 있음을 강조하는 동시에, 그 효과가 최고경영자의 특 성과 기업의 소유구조에 따라 달라질 수 있음을 보여준다. 이러한 결과는 신흥시장 다국적기업이 ESG 전략을 효 과적으로 활용하기 위해서는 경영진의 리더십과 소유구조를 함께 고려한 종합적인 접근이 필요함을 시사한다.

본 연구는 국내에 수입되는 다양한 종류의 패류를 대상 으로 미관리 독소인 AZA와 AZA유사체 4종에 대한 동시 검출법을 확립하였다. 2020-2023년 기간동안 수집된 수입 패류 467샘플을 대상으로 모니터링을 수행한 결과, 러시 아에서 수입된 돌조개 2점에서 AZA-2가 정량한계 이하로 검출된 것을 확인하였다. 이는 해외의 AZA관리 기준에 미치치 않는 미량의 독소로 인체에 위해도는 없는 것으로 판단되었다. 본 연구에서 개발된 시험법으로 수입산 패류 의 안전관리에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

이 연구는 상담자의 대리외상과 외상 후 성장간의 관계에서 마음챙김 과 그릿의 다중 매개효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 이에 선행연구를 토대로 대리외상과 외상 후 성장의 관계에서 마음챙김과 그릿의 부분매개 모형 과 마음챙김과 그릿의 완전매개 모형을 비교하였다. 국내 상담자 308명 을 대상으로 대리외상경험 질문지, 대리외상 척도, 마음챙김 척도, 그릿 척도, 한국판 외상 후 성장척도를 사용하였으며 SPSS Stastics 25.0을 이용한 기술통계와 상관분석, AMOS 24.0 프로그램을 이용한 구조방정 식으로 마음챙김과 그릿의 다중매개효과를 검증하였다. 그 결과, 완전매 개 모형이 최종 모형으로 선정되어 마음챙김과 그릿의 간접효과가 유의 한 것으로 나타났다(β= -.26, p <.001). 이는 상담자가 대리외상을 경험했 을 때, 마음챙김을 기반으로 그릿을 향상시킨다면 외상 후 성장에 이를 수 있음을 시사한다.

In the context of the Ministry of Environment’s 2022 Climate Change Adaptation Plan for Public Institutions, public sewage treatment plants are one of the important targets for climate change response aimed at sustainable water management. In this study, it is applied a modified methodology to four water regeneration centers (public sewage treatment facilities) in charge of sewage treatment in Seoul to analyze the impacts and risks of climate change and discuss priorities for adaptation measures. The results of the study showed that heavy rains, heat waves, and droughts will be the key impacts of climate change, and highlighted the need for measures to mitigate these risks, especially for facility managers.

In contemporary global warfare, the significance and imperative of air transportation have been steadily growing. The Republic of Korea Air Force currently operates only light and medium-sized military cargo planes, but does not have a heavy one. The current air transportation capability is limited to meet various present and future air transport needs due to lack of performance such as payload, range, cruise speed and altitude. The problem of population cliffs and lack of airplane parking space must also be addressed. These problems can be solved through the introduction of heavy cargo planes. Until now, most studies on the need of heavy cargo plane and increasing air transport capability have focused on the necessity. Some of them suggested specific quantity and model but have not provided scientific evidence. In this study, the appropriate ratio of heavy cargo plane suitable for the Korea's national power was calculated using principal component analysis and cluster analysis. In addition, an optimization model was established to maximize air transport capability considering realistic constraints. Finally we analyze the results of optimization model and compare two alternatives for force structure.

This study was conducted to identify the distribution characteristics of the impervious area in urban watersheds and to reduce the deviation of the impervious area ratio that occurs depending on the degree of construction of land surface condition data. The average impervious area ratio by land use that can be applied to the calculation of the urban impervious area ratio was derived by statistically analyzing the distribution characteristics of the impervious area ratio by land use according to the urban watershed conditions. In urban watersheds, the change in impervious area ratio over the past 20 years has continuously increased in watersheds with an impervious area ratio of less than 60%, and decreased in watersheds with a high impervious area ratio of 60% or more. The average impervious area ratio by land use applicable to the land use technique is “Residential area” 84.0%, “Residential and commercial mix” 93.6%, “Commercial and business facilities” 89.8%, “Industrial land” 84.8%, “Public land” 47.3%, “Transportation facility” 93.3%, “Urban revitalization facility” 61.1%, “Bare land” 17.6%, “Special area” 11.4%, “Forest and open space” 3.5%, “Rivers and lakes” 9.2%. As a result of examining the adequacy of the average impervious area ratio by land use, the difference between the calculated value of the impervious area ratio using land use techniques and the actual impervious area ratio of the biotope map ranged from -3.0%p to 2.6%p at the significance level of 95%. In addition, when the watershed condition is applied, the difference ranged from -2.3%p to 1.7%p. By applying the average impervious area ratio by land use derived in this study, it was found that the impervious area ratio of the target urban watershed could be calculated within a deviation of ±3%p.

Currently, many complaints have been filed by local residents on helicopter noise while the law on noise prevention and damage compensation at military airfields and military ranges has been in effect since November 27, 2020. The airfields operated by state agencies are inevitably used to defend the country, defend the country, and protect the lives of the people, but various efforts are needed to minimize noise complaints. In general, helicopters operating in a specific area exhibit different noise frequencies depending on the number or size of wings for each type, takeoff speed, and takeoff altitude. Therefore, by measuring and analyzing noise in the take-off stage of a number of helicopters operating in a specific area, this study aims to present more effective noise prevention measures by analyzing the compliance of each type of helicopter with variables such as take-off speed, take-off altitude, and rise rate. Therefore, the results of this study will be significant in terms of resolving complaints and reducing compensation expenditures of local residents around the airport.

우리민법은 정보제공의무에 관한 명시적인 규정을 두고 있지 않다. 그 러나 이러한 규정은 필요하다. 왜냐하면 계약의 목적물을 점유하고 있으 면서 유사한 계약을 반복적, 전문적으로 체결함으로써 그 계약의 성립이 가져오게 될 효과는 물론 계약과 관련한 특별한 사정까지도 정확하게 파 악하고 있는 당사자와 그렇지 못한 상대방 간에는 계약의 목적을 달성하 기 위하여 분명히 알아야 할 사항들에 관한 정보의 불균형 현상이 발생한 다는 것을 충분히 예상할 수 있기 때문이다. 그리고 계약의 당사자 간 정 보의 격차를 방치할 경우 불공정한 계약은 계속 늘어 갈 것이며 그로 인 한 정보약자의 피해는 우리가 쉽게 해결할 수 없는 사회문제로 귀결될 것 이다. 우리나라에도 계약체결 이전의 정보제공의무를 규정하는 법률들이 존재 한다. 약관거래법, 할부거래법, 방문판매법 같은 소비자 관련 특별법들이 바로 그것이다. 그러나 이는 특별법이기 때문에 글자 그대로 특별한 경우 의 계약 당사자들에게만 적용되는데 불과하다. 사회적 약자가 대부분인 정보약자는 모든 계약에서 존재하면서 부족한 정보 때문에 불이익을 당하 는 일이 비일비재 하므로 모든 사법적 계약에 전면적으로 적용되는 계약 체결 이전 단계에서의 정보제공의무에 관한 연구가 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문은 기존의 국내논의와 외국의 논의를 정리하고 최종적으 로 제535조의 2로 구체적인 민법규정을 제시하고자 한다.

PURPOSES : This study compared the performance evaluation of a hot mix asphalt (HMA) and asphalt mixture of a warm-antistrip agent. METHODS : A mix design applying Korean standards was conducted to evaluate the performance evaluation. Thereafter, the quality standard evaluation of the asphalt mixture produced was conducted, and if all quality standards were satisfied, a performance evaluation was conducted. Types of performance evaluation included the Hamburg wheel tracking test and dynamic modulus test. RESULTS : As a result of the Hamburg wheel tracking test, the asphalt mixture with a warm-antistrip agent obtained a lower sedimentation value at 10000 times and 20000 times. This result is considered to have higher plastic deformation resistance of the asphalt mixture with a Warm-antistrip agent than HMA. The U.S. Department of Transportation stipulates that plastic deformation resistance is excellent if the asphalt mixture does not exceed 20,000 times the precipitate of 20 mm. Therefore, we confirmed that the plastic deformation resistance of the asphalt mixture with a warm-antistrip agent was excellent. Additionally, the master curve was analyzed by synthesizing the results of the dynamic modulus test. When analyzing the low load cycle at the bottom left of the master curve, the dynamic modulus value of the master curve was higher in the asphalt mixture with a warm-antistrip agent than in the HMA. In addition, when analyzing the high load cycle part, the dynamic modulus of the HMA was measured to be higher than that of the asphalt mixture with a warm-antistrip agent. Accordingly, the resistance to fatigue cracking of the asphalt mixture with a warm-antistrip agent was considered superior to that of the HMA. CONCLUSIONS : As a result, we confirmed that the asphalt mixture with a warm-antistrip agent that satisfies the Korean quality standards had better plastic deformation and fatigue resistance for all performance evaluation tests conducted in this study than the HMA. However, since the Hamburg wheel tracking test did not significantly differ in the amount of sedimentation in the performance evaluation tests and the mixture using one additive was compared with HMA, studies on the effects of various additives containing warm-antistrip agents are required.

Laos People’s Democratic Republic (Laos) is a country selected by Korea’s priority foreign policy – New Southern Policy. It is also one of Korea’s 24 priority partner countries. The objective of this study was to understand the current status of rice industry and recommendations for improving rice productivity in Laos based on “Agriculture Development Strategy to 2025 and Vision to the Year 2030” published by the Lao government. In Laos, major crops are rice, vegetables, maize, coffee, cassava, sugar cane, and others. Laos achieved rice self-sufficiency in 1999. Its rice production reached up to 3,580,000 tons in 2018. It aims to harvest a total of 5 million tons of paddy rice with a target yield of approx. 1.5 million tons in 2025. Rice consumption per capita totals 160 kg/year in Laos, the highest in the world. The national nutrient program sets its targets as follows: of 2,600 kcal, a recommended daily calorie intake for adults, it aims to lower rice and starch, while increasing calories from meat, vegetables, fat, and so on. This shows that the rice policy is formulated with consideration of improving health of people in Laos as well as boosting rice exports. Based on the agricultural policy and strategy of Laos, it is viewed that the rice industry in Laos can advance further and produce results only when rice industry is linked to the following areas: economic development, farm size expansion, higher productivity through novel varieties and cultivation technologies, scaling-up of agricultural mechanization, greater efficiency in processing, and infrastructure expansions such as roads and reservoirs. If an ODA (Official Development Assistance) project takes a tailored approach considering its actor-specific characters and tasks, it is believed that the project can contribute to the goal of securing sustainability for the rice industry.

PURPOSES : The logistic roads for freight transport along to the new port of Busan have been suffered by the rapid weather changes including high temperature and torrential rain. As a result, the roads require annual repair, which have been distressed seriously by the heavy logistic and environmental loads. Therefore, we need to identify the cause of the road pavement distresses and find a proper design method to minimize the pavement distress in order to prohibit the problem aggravated. METHODS : The damaged conditions of the logistic roads were investigated on-site. In addition, applied pavement designs, real traffic volumes, and historical climatic information were intensively collected for this project. With the investigated and collected data Korean pavement design program (KPRP) was implemented to analyzed the causes of the damaged roads and conceive the pavement design draft optimized for the roads. RESULTS : According to the investigation and KPRP analysis, the traffic volume to transport freights impacts significantly the pavement distress, so that a higher PG grade binder type should be used, for which polymer modified asphalt (PMA) binders are recommended. Moreover, its pavement thickness should be increased to secure load bearing capacity, but thickening the pavement has been discouraged due to difficulties induced by the road-sectional change, especially road-height change. CONCLUSIONS : In conclusion, 5cm PMA overlay is suggested for the normal-scale maintenance, and 7cm PMA overlay for large-scale maintenance. Besides these, the application of Polymer-modified Stone Matrix Asphalt (PSMA) using PG76-22 binder would be the best preventive maintenance method, which has been well know as having higher fatigue resistant performance than general PMA. However, if we use PSMA, quality control should be very cautious since PSMA can be very susceptible premature distress if its production and construction are improperly proceeded.

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to identify a gradation control method that minimizes the volatility of recycled aggregates to maintain the quality of reclaimed asphalt mixtures. METHODS : In this study, two types (0~13 and 0~10 mm) of recycled aggregate stockpiles with an extraction viscosity of 40,000 poise and a 19 mm hot asphalt mixture with virgin aggregates are used. The test methods are evaluated for plastic deformation resistance using the Hamburg wheel-tracking test and for low-temperature crack resistance using the dynamic modulus test. In the field, the performance is evaluated via an accelerated pavement test. RESULTS : The Hamburg wheel-tracking test shows good water resistance as well as less than 5 mm of deformation. The result of a dynamic modulus test at -5 °C shows a 92.9% low-temperature crack resistance as compared with that of the 19 mm dense grade hot-mix asphalt mixture. The result of the accelerated pavement test confirms that the performances of the 19 mm dense grade hot-mix asphalt mixture and reclaimed asphalt mixture are equal owing a 1.2 cm plastic deformation. CONCLUSIONS : By evaluating the plastic deformation resistance and crack resistance of the reclaimed asphalt mixture based on a stockpile gradation controlled at 0~10 mm via an indoor test, it is discovered that the plastic deformation resistance increases partially, whereas the crack resistance remains almost unchanged. The accelerated pavement test confirms that a performance equivalent to that of a 19 mm dense grade hot-mix asphalt mixture is achieved.

PURPOSES : In a previous study, an error was detected in data pertaining to the direction and velocity of a roller. Hence, in this study, the correlation between these two variables and acceleration data is analyzed. Relevant algorithms are developed by adding variables to existing algorithms. METHODS : A tachometer and GPS are used to acquire the velocity, compaction direction of rollers, and number of compactions. Subsequently, data input to an accelerometer are compared and analyzed. RESULTS : Based on FFT analysis, it is discovered that the data are inaccurate when a forward reverse is performed. Using the GPS, the velocity of the roller is differentiated based on the number of pledges, and then added as a variable to the algorithm. Subsequently, it is evaluated and analyzed only with data during forward movement based on changes in the latitude and longitude. CONCLUSIONS : It is discovered that the acceleration data values from both the left and right rollers differ owing to their weight difference, as indicated by the asphalt gradient. Data changes based on asphalt gradients are analyzed using gyro sensors. If the correlation between the two sets of data is high, then the algorithm is advanced by introducing a cross spectrum after calibrating the acceleration value based on the gradient.

고창 표준기상관측소(Gochang Standard Weather Observatory, GSWO)에서 3년간(2014-2016년) 관측한 겨울철 강수량 자료를 사용하여 겨울철 관측환경에 따른 강수량 관측 특성을 분석하였다. 이를 위해, 설치환경이 다른 강수량 계 4종인 NS(No Shield), SA(Single Alter), DFIR(Double Fence Intercomparison Reference), PG(Pit Gauge)를 사용하여, DFIR을 기준으로 누적 강수량 차이, 강수 유형별 특성, 풍속 변화에 따른 수집효율을 분석하였다. 강수 유형은 고창 종관기상관측장비(Automated Synoptic Observing System, ASOS)의 기온 관측 자료를 사용하여 강우, 혼합 강수, 강설로 분류하여 분석하였다. 겨울철 누적 강수량은 SA, NS, PG 순으로 DFIR과 유사하게 나타났으며, 통계 분석 결과에서는 SA가 DFIR과 가장 유사한 결과를 보였다. 결과적으로, 겨울철 강수량 관측에서는 SA가 기준 강수량계와 가장 유사하게 관측되었으며, PG는 겨울철 관측에 적합하지 않은 것으로 분석된다.

대한민국 기상청에서 사용하고 있는 UM (Unified Model, UM) 모델의 국지예측시스템(Local Data Assimilation and Prediction System, LDAPS)은 수치모델 모의 시 대기경계층 유형에 따라 물리과정을 다르게 계산하기 때문에 이 과정을 검증하는 것은 모델의 정확도 향상에 중요하다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 수치모델의 대기경계층 유형을 관측자료 를 기반으로 검증하였다. 관측자료를 기반으로 대기경계층 유형을 분류하기 위해서 보성 표준기상관측소에서 수행한 여름철 집중관측자료(라디오존데, 플럭스관측장비, 도플러 라이다, 운고계)를 활용하였으며, 2019년 6월 18일 부터 8월 17일 까지 61일 동안에 총 201회의 관측자료를 분석하였다. 또한 관측자료와 수치모델 결과가 다른 경우를 보면, 관측자료를 기반으로 한 대기경계층 유형 분류 결과에서 2유형으로 분류되는 사례가 수치모델에서는 1유형으로 분류된 사례가 53회로 가장 많이 나타났다. 그 다음으로는 관측자료를 기반으로 한 대기경계층 유형 분류 결과에서 5유형과 6유형 으로 분류되는 사례가 수치모델에서는 3유형으로 분류된 사례가 많이 나타났다(각각 24회, 15회). 관측결과와 수치모델 모의 결과가 일치하지 않은 사례는 모두 층적운 접합 여부 및 적운 모의 등 수치모델의 구름물리 부분의 모의 성능에 기인하여 발생한 것이라고 분석된다. 따라서, 대기경계층 유형 분류의 구름물리과정의 모의 정확도를 개선하면 수치모델 성능이 향상 될 것으로 판단된다.