In this study, Jeonju bibimbap, Bulgogi, Japchae, Whangpomuk, Kimchijeyukbokkeum, and Sangseonjeon were selected as examples of take-out style Korean foods, and sensory evaluations on a 9-point hedonic scale were conducted with dining staff at UCLA. 54.5% of the respondents in this study were male and 62.7% were Hispanic/Latino, with the respondents fairly evenly split across age groups in a range of 25-54 years. In the sensory evaluation, the most acceptable items were judged as follows: Bulgogi (8.1)>Japchae (7.5)>Sangseonjeon (7.4)>Jeonjubibimbap=kimchijeyukbokkeum (7.3)>Whangpomuk (6.9). Among the 6 Korean foods (Jeonjubibimbap, Bulgogi, Japchae, Whangpomuk, Kimchijeyukbokkeum and Sangseonjeon), Bulgogi, and Saengseonjeon were the most acceptable items for the female and male respondents, respectively. All of the items were popular with the majority of the responding age groups, with the exception of the 18-24-year groups; in particular, Kimchijeyukbokkeum and Bulgogi scored relatively high on acceptability (7.0) for all respondents. Jeonjubibimbap, Japchae, Whangpomuk, and Saengseonjeon were also found to be acceptable to all respondents except for the African American respondents. We suggest that the Korean foods listed above are applicable items for quick service restaurants in the U.S. market.

Toxicity of 10 registered insecticides and 6 fertilizers were tested against 3<SUP>rd</SUP> larva and adults of Korean firefly, Luciola lateralis Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Lampyridae). All experiments were tested at the recommended concentration of each inescticides by producer. MEP, PAP, Acephate, Fenthion, and Diazinon, which were organophates, a mixtures combined with Burofezin fenobucarb, Cartap ･･ buprofezin, and Thiamethoxam (Neonicotinoids), Fipronil (Phenylpyrazoles) showed more 80.0% mortality on larva and adults of L. lateralis. However, tebufenozide (I.G.R) showed low mortality of 33.3%. LC₅₀ (ppm) value of Assit, Cartapㆍbuprofezin, Fenthion and PAP were showed 1.03 ppm, 1.90 ppm, 10.26 ppm, 0.98 ppm, respectively, against 3<SUP>rd</SUP> larva of L. lateralis. Effects against eggs showed very high toxicity. Otherwise, tebufenozide (I.G.R) was showed hatchability of 100%. Toxicity of Urea fertilizer, Ammonium sulfate, Potassium chloride, Fused phosphate, Complex fertilizer and Silicate fertilizer were showed the mortality with 27.3%, 56.7%, 73.3%, 0.0%, 0.0%, 0.0%, respectively, when exposed 72 hrs after treatment.

Shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) is usually cultivated on the oak log. Log cultivation of this mushroom is getting difficult to get oak logs and has a weak point of its long cultivation period. Recently sawdust cultivation is getting increase. It is important to make mycelia browning on the substrate surface. This browned surface in sawdust cultivation plays an important role like as artificial bark of the oak log, which protects the other pests and suppresses water evaporation in the substrate. The period for mycelia browning is so long that the sawdust cultivation of Shiitake mushroom can not spread well into the mushroom farms. The development of methods for the rapid mycelia browning is quite required. In this article we would like to discuss about the enzymatic activities related mycelia browning and search the methods of cultivation period reduction.

we studied on chemical ＆ physical variation of cotton waste according to covering materials during outdoor fermentation for oyster mushroom bed culture with cotton waste medium. P.E vinyl and nonwoven thin cloth were used for the covering material. Temperate in the medium ascended up to 75℃ in treatment using nonwoven thin cloth but 60℃ in P.E vinyl treatment for fifth day to seventh day, after that time fell slowly. Before the fermentation, pH of cotton waste medium was 7.2∼7.5 but during the fementation, pH in using nonwoven thin cloth treatment was about 8.9 and pH in P.E vinyl fell 5.1. Ammonium ion concentration in cotton waste medium was 70-85ppm in treatment using P.E vinyl and higher than nonwoven thin cloth. Total carbon content of cotton waste medium was increased but total nitrogen content was decreased while fermentation make progress. when we investigated cotton texture wholly femented by SEM ＆ TEM, cell wall of cotton in treatment using nonwoven thin cloth mostly degraded but it in P.E vinyl was kept unimpaired

We assessed whether the use of a symmetrical upper limb motion trainer in daily repetitive training for a 6-week period reduced spasticity and improved motor function in three chronic hemiparetic patients. Upper limb motor impairment and disability were measured by the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) and Manual Muscle Test (MMT), respectively. The electromyography (EMG) of the affected hand was recorded during isometric wrist flexion and extension. In all patients, FMA and MMT scores were significantly improved after the 6-week training. However, MAS scores of the affected wrist spasticity did not change considerably. Onset and Offset delays in muscle contraction significantly decreased in the affected wrist. The co-contraction ratio of flexor and extensor muscles significantly increased after the 6-week training. Onset and offset delays of the muscle contraction and co-contraction ratio correlated significantly with the patients' FMA. This study showed that repetitive, symmetric movement training can improve upper limb motor functions and abilities in chronic hemiparetic patients. Also, the EMG assessment of motor response is likely to provide insights into mechanisms and treatment strategies for motor recovery in chronic hemiparetic patients.

병재배 느타리버섯의 품종 다양화를 위해 단핵균주교잡에 의해 육성된 흑백느타리의 주요특성은 다음과 같다. 가. 흑백느타리는 X-선 조사된 애느타리1호 단핵균주에 병느타리1호의 단핵균주 교잡에 의해 육성된 품종으로 균사생장적온은 25∼30℃, 자실체 발생 및 생육온도는 14∼16℃이다. 나. 갓색은 흑갈색이고 편편형이며 대는 순백색이고 직립형이다. 다. 배양일수는 20 에서 20일정도이고 자실체는 굵고 짧은형으로 농가실증시험에서 병당 수량은 142.8g으로 높은 편이었다. 라. 색택이 흑갈색이고 생육온도가 17℃이상으로 높으면 회갈색을 나타낸다.

송이가 발생되지 않는 것으로 알려져 있는 경기지역의 과거 송이발생지와 발생가능지역을 중심으로 ’99∼’00년간 송이 발생현황 및 식생조사를 실시한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다 1. 도내 송이발생 지역은 조사지역 19개 지역중 여주군 강천면 걸은리 등 16개 지역이었고 년간 발생량은 총470∼600kg정도였으며, 여주군 강천면 걸은리, 북내면 도전리와 포천군 영중면 금주리 등 일부지역은 현재까지 양호한 식생환경조건을 유지하고 있었으나, 향후 지속적인 적송림의 유지관리가 요구되었으며, 나머지 지역에서는 식생변화 등으로 송이발생량이 대폭 감소하였거나 발생되지 않았다. 2. 도내 조사지역의 송이버섯은 9월 12∼15일에 발생되기 시작하여 9월말에 최성기, 10월 7∼9일경 마무리 되었고 송이발생전후의 기온과 지온은 9월 5∼7일경에 송이자실체 발생을 위해 자극을 받기 시작하는 온도인 19℃ 이하로 낮아졌고, 그 후 약 5∼7일 이후에 송이자실체가 발생되었으며, 송이발생기간동안 기온은 12∼18℃, 지온은 14∼18℃를 유지하였다. 3. 송이 발생지점의 적송밀도는 100㎡당 5.1∼27.1그루, 수령은 15∼50년생, 수고는 4∼11m이었고, 활엽수 및 관목의 밀도가 43∼80%로 높아 간벌과 적송의 관리가 시급한 것으로 조사되었다. 4. 유기물층의 깊이는 여주, 포천지역은 3.5∼4.5㎝, 양평, 가평, 광주는 7.2∼7.7㎝였으며 울폐도는 50∼75%범위였다. 5. 토성은 조사지역 모두 사질토였고 토양pH는 4.3∼5.1, 유기물함량은 3.91∼8.28 범위였다.

큰양송이(포토벨라)의 발이 및 생육에 적정한 온도를 구명코자 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 초발이 소요일수는 15℃에서 23일로 가장 짧았으며 그다음은 18℃, 21℃ 순이었다. 2. 자실체 발생 개체수는 15℃에서 2,364개/3.3㎡로 가장 많았으나, 수량은 18℃처리구에서 39.2 kg/3.3㎡로 가장 높았다. 3. 온도별 자실체특성은 21℃에서 상품(上品)비율이 75.1%로 15℃, 24.5%와 18℃, 48.9%보다 양호하였다. 4. 수량은 15℃와 18℃에 있어서 평당 36.5∼39.2kg으로 비숫하였으나 18℃에서 상품비율이 48.9%로 높아 100평당 소득은 16,013천원으로 높았다.

This simulation study investigated the characteristics of normal gait, crouch gait, crouch/equinus gait, crouch gait, crouch/equinus gait. The knee flexion angles were restricted using a specially designed orthosis. This study was carried out in a motion analysis laboratory of the National Rehabilitation Center. Fifteen healthy male subjects were recruited for the study. The purposes of this study were (1) to compare spatiotemporal parameters, kinematics, and kinetic variables in the sagittal plane among the different gait, (2) to investigate the secondary compensatory strategy, and (3) to suggest biomechanical physical therapy treatment methods. The pattern and magnitude observed in each condition were similar to those of normal gait, except the peak knee extension moment of the unrestricted ankle motion-crouch gait. However, the speed of the crouch gait was half that of a normal gait. The ankle joint moment in the crouch/equinus gait showed the double-bump pattern commonly observed in children with spastic cerebral palsy, and there was no significant difference in gait speed as compared with normal gait. The peak ankle plantar-flexor moment and ankle power generated during the terminal stance in the crouch/equinus conditions were reduced as compared with normal and crouch gaits (p<.05). The crouch/equinus gait at the ankle joint was an effective compensatory mechanism. Since ankle plantarflexion contracture can be exacerbated secondary to the ankle compensatory strategy in the crouch/equinus gait, it is necessary to increase the range of ankle dorsiflexion and the strength of plantarflexion simultaneously to decrease the abnormal biomechanical advantages of the ankle joint.

된장과 고추장에 대해 cdELISA에 AFB_(1)의한 의 분석방법을 확립하고 국내에서 생산되는 재래식 및 개량식 된장과 고추장을 수거하여 AFB_(1)의 오염도를 조사하였다. 표준곡선을 작성하였을 때, 이의 검출 한계는 0.2ng/㎖(ppb)이었다. 된장의 Spike test 후 회수율은 1~100 ng/g 범위에서 평균 71.5%로 나타나 이 범위에서 cdELISA에 의한 AFB_(1)의 측정이 가능함을 보여주었다. 이로부터 된장 및 고추장에서 cdELISA를 통한 AFB_(1)의 분석 방법을 확립하였다. 된장 및 고추장 시료의 AFB_(1)의 오염도는 총 30종의 고추장 시료에서 AFB_(1)이 검출되지 않았고 총 30종의 된장 시료 중 6종에서 1.0~6.0 ng/g 수준으로 검출되었다. 이는 우리 나라의 허용기준인 10 ng/g(ppb) 이하였다.