This study was to investigate the changes in dietary practices, reasons for making dietary changes, current food consumption patterns, and eating habits. Data were collected from 515 parents whose children were attending an elementary school and a middle school in Kimcheon. Among the twenty food groups studied, subjects reported eating more fruit, vegetables, lower-fat meats, high-fat meats, reduced/skim milk, and eggs and less sugar, fats, rice, salt, potato/sweet potato, and chicken. The changes in dietary practices except high-fat meats and salt were significantly different between sex, age, education level, income level, or BMI groups. The primary reason for making dietary changes was 'concerned about family's health'. The average rate of never eating breakfast or less than 2 times per week was found to be 23.2% with a greater rate in younger age group. The rate of breakfast skipping was found to vary between different age and education groups. The regularity of mealtime and overeating practices were significantly different between age groups. Eating out practices were found to vary between different age, education, and income groups. People at younger age group in Kimcheon should be targeted for nutrition education about eating habits. These findings are applicable at the planning and implementation stages of various nutritional improvement projects.

머리와 얼굴 형태는 인종간에 큰 차이가 있기 때문에 머리와 얼굴 형태에 적합한 얀경테를 설계하기 위해서는 이에 대한 계측적 연구가 우선되어야 한다. 본 연구에서 는 한국인에 적합한 안경태를 설계하기 위하여 안와질환， 안외상， 외판상 전선질환이 없는 18-33 세 사이의 성인 689명(남자 325 명， 여자 364 명)을 대상으로 안경테 설계 와 관련된 머리와 얼굴부위를 계측하고 이 자료를 바탕으로 한국 성인의 얼굴 형태 에 적합한 안경테 전면부와 다리부 설계값을 계산하였다. 연구 결과 안경테 설계에 판계되는 한국인의 얼꿀 형태는 얼굴너비가 넓고 머리너비가 좁으며 동공사이거리가 강며 귀구슬경사각이 큰 형태룹 이부고 있어 다른 인종과 차이가 있었으며 성별에 따라서도 유의한 차이가 있었다. 또한 한국인의 얼굴 형태에 적합한 안경테의 전면부 크기， 다리부 길이 및 경사각 당은 현재 시판되고 있는 안경테의 크기와 차이가 있눈 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 앞으로는 한국인의 얼굴형태를 기초로 한 인체공학적인 안경테 설계와 디 자인 개발에 보다 많은 관심을 가져야 할 것으로 생각된다.

일상생활동작(activities of daily living)을 주요 목적이자 치료 수단으로 사용하고 있는 작업치료사들이 그 활동 중의 하나인 성적 욕구의 표현(sexual expression)에 대해 체계적인 접근이 미진하다는 지적을 극복 하고자 본 연구가 계획되었다. 특히 만성 장애가 있는 65세 이상 연령층의 성생활에 대해 기술적으로 접근하는 방법을 고안하는 것은 상당한 임상적 의미를 부여 할 수 있다. 본 연구의 주된 목적은 관절염이 65세 이상

In order to obtain the data for extreme food intake by Koream adults, the data of adult dietary survey undertaken in 1995 were used through statistical treatment, taking into account of dietary habits. Various food commodities amounting to 159 items were classified into 14 food groups and fractiles of 90th and 95th percentile of individual food items were computed on the assumption that the food consumption pattern exhibits a normal distribution. Most of the food items showed the ratio of fractiles to mean intake in the range of 2.0∼3.0 while the ratio greatly deviated from these values in items such as seasonings, spices, nuts, seeds and favorite beverages as well as most commonly-eaten or rarely-eaten foods.

This study was to investigate the nutrition and cancer prevention knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and self-reported dietary changes. Data were collected from 903 parents whose children were attending an elementary school, a middle school, a high school, or a junior college in Kimcheon. Thirty-seven percent of the subjects reported that they had made dietary changes for their health. Respondents reported eating more vegetables(33.1%), fruit(24.1%), whole grains(19.9%), and lower-fat meats(14.5%) and less alcohol(17.2%), high-fat meat(16.4%), fats(13.8%), smoked foods(13.8%), snacks/cake/sweets(11.7%), salty foods(9.6%), and refined grain products(6.1%). Those who did not make any dietary changes most often said the reason was that they thought their diets were already healthful and therefore there was no reason to make a change. Eighty-nine percent of the subjects agreed that diet and disease were related and 89.5% knew that diet and cancer were related, yet 8% believed there was nothing a person could do to reduce the risk of getting cancer. In response to open-ended questions about foods that either increase or decrease cancer risk, vegetables, fruit, traditional fermented foods, etceteras, and whole grains were thought to decrease risk, and burned foods, salty foods, additives, high-fat meats/fats, and alcohol were thought to increase cancer risk. In this study, education levels to be the major demographic variable and residential district had an impact on cancer prevention knowledge and attitudes. People at lower educational levels and rural residents should be targeted for education about cancer risk reduction.

This paper is an effort to describe dietary behaviors to keep them healthy among adults. A probability sample was drawn from residents aged between 15 and 60 living in Ulsan City area through a multi-staged cluster sampling method. The data collected by face-to-face interview includes 1,232 respondents. Both univariate and bivariate analyses were employed to describe the dietary behaviors. The dietary behaviors in this study includes preference of taking fat-part of meat, fried food, salty food, hot-taste food, drinking coffee and milk, and taking supplementary medicine. About half of the respondents reported to take fat removed when eating meat, and more than 68% of them preferred not to take any kinds of fried food. With respect to preference of salty and hot-taste food, 39.6% of the respondents take medium-salty and 39.4% do hot-taste food. A third of the respondents drink two-four cups of coffee a day. Those who reported not to drink milk at all were prevalent(37.4% of the respondents) than expected. However, less than 20% of the respondents reported to have any kinds of supplementary health food in a year. These dietary behaviors were examined by sociodemographic characteristics for bivariate analyses.

A survey was carried out to investigate relation between stress and nutrient intake in adults. There was a positive correlation between stress and food intake in adults statistically. It seems that women was significantly influenced by physical, psychological and nuerosensational stress than men(p〈0.05). The average calorie intake of men was 1721.25Kcal(68.85% of RDA), the women was 1568.79kcal(78.44% of RDA). Intake of protein, calcuim, Vit B1, Vit B2, Niacin were quite less than the RDA in men, wherase intake of calcuim, iron, Vit B1 were quite less than the RDA in women. In changes of nutrient intake by stress, men was increased as higher stress amount, but women was decreased as higher stress amount(p〈0.05). It was lower level of nutrient intake in the below 60 scores of food attitude group that was needed improve of food intake and counseling of professional nutritionist.

The purposes of this study were to investigate changes in serum lipid levels with age and gender, and to determine which factors affect the serum lipid profiles. The anthropometric parameters(height, weight, waist girth, hip girth) and biochemical status(cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-chol.) were measured for clinically normal adults(male 89, female 91) in Yeongdong area. The results are as follows: 1. The obesity index was significantly higher in female(115.2±15.2%) than in male(109.9±13.4%), but waist/hip girth ratio(WHR) was significantly higher in male (0.89±0.05) than in female(0.81±0.06). 2. Male subjects had higher triglyceride and atherogenic index and lower HDL-cholesterol and relative cholesterol than those of female subjects. 3. Prevalences of hypercholesteolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and hypoHDL-cholesterolemia were 9.0%, 9.0%, 14.6% respectively in male and 9.9%, 2.2%, 4.4% in female. 4. WHR positively correlated with serum cholesterol, TG, LDL/HDL and A.I., and negatively correlated with HDL-chol. and relative chol. Correlation analyses indicated that WHR seemed to be more closely associated with serum lipid levels(rather than obesity index). 5. Age showed positive correlations with waist girth, WHR, cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, LDL/HDL and A.I., but negative correlations with height, body weight and relative cholesterol. 6. There was significant differences in TG concentration between drinker(169.3±130.0mg/dl) and non-drinker(111.4±64.5mg/dl), and smoker(165±103.6mg/dl) and non-smoker (110.8±39.0mg/dl). That is to say that as risk factors for hyperlipidemia are obesity index, serum lipid concentration, life style(such as alcohol drinking and smoking) and age. Specially major risk factors are drinking, smoking and regulated exercise in male and age is an important risk factor in female.

The quadriceps angle (Q angle) has been used to reflect the quadriceps muscle's force on the patella in the frontal plane. Previous investigations of the Q angle and it's relationship to knee disorders have yield equivocal results. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors related to the Q angle and it's relation to other variables such as leg length, body weight, CTA (calcaneus to tibia angle), TOA (toe out angle), and pelvic width in normal subjects. The participants were 60 students (30 men and 30 women) who had no orthopedic and neurological impairments, aged from 20 to 29 years of age, with an average age of 22.1 years. Prior to participation, each subject was informed of the procedures of the experiment from a researcher and assistant researchers. The equipment used in this study were modified standard goniometer, ruler, marking pen, and Martin apparatus for pelvic width. In order to determine the statistical significance of the experiment, regression analysis, independent t-test, and Pearson correlation were used at the 0.05 level. The results were as follows: 1) It was found that the Q angle of women is greater than that of men's from both knees. 2) There was no significant difference between right and left quadriceps angle. 3) The Q angle decreased as the body weight (leg length) shifted from low to high. 4) It seems that factors related to the Q angle were body weight, CTA, and pelvic width, but there was no significant difference at the 0.05 level.

A Survey was carried out to investigate relation between depressive trends, stress and attitudes of food intake in adults. In the assessing of Body Mass Index (BMI), the normal weight was 80.1%, overweight was 19.1%, obese was 0.7% in men, but normal weight was 90.3%, overweight was 9.4%, obese was 0.3% in women (p<0.001). It was represented increasing trends of obesity by the increasing of ages. Women thought their health condition was worse than men (p<0.001) 15.1% of all women tried to weight control. In changes of food intake by stress, 37.8% was increased to eat, 33.7% was reduced in women. It seems that women was significantly influenced by stress than men (p<0.01). In changes of food intake by stress in ages, 39.7% was increased of 20 years but over the 30 years was decreased or no changes of food intake (p<0.0001). All subjects wanted hot and sweet taste when stress-induced eating. 56.1% of men preferred to alcohol and beverages but 33.5% of women preferred to chocolate, cookies and breads of carbohydrate foods at the stressful conditions. But stress-induced eating dose not seems to be helpful for coping with stress in adults. In the distribution of depressive trends, the level of depression was higher in women (50.7%), whereas 34.3% in men (p<0.001). The most of 3li subjects represented attitudes of food intake below 60 scores that was needed improve and counseling of professional nutritionist. It was represented inferior to attitudes of food intake by the increasing of depressive trends and stress in women. It was higher level of overweight and obese in the below 60 scores of attitudes of food intake and higher depressive groups.

Recently the researches to enhance the hand function of brain injured clients are increased. One of those aspects is related to in-hand manipluation. In-hand manipulation is divided to four types: that is finger-to-palm translation. palm-to-finger translation, shift, and rotation. The purpose of this study was to find type of in-hand manipulation in normal adults in six activities and to differentiate the pattern of in-hand manipulation between normal adults and children with cerebral palsy. The participants were consist of twenty normal adults and twenty cerebral palsy. children. As a results, cerebral palsy children significantly used at lower frequence than normal adults in 3 activities. Also, in the other items, there are some pattern to differenciate between normal adults and cerebral palsy children but that was not significant statistically. The development of in-hand manipulation skills involves improvement in the dimension of activities of daily living skills training and more detailed evaluation method will be needed.

This study was designed to get normative data of normal subjects by MFT(Manua1 Func-tion Test). The subjects were 95 normal adults. The results are as follows: 1. Mean scores of left and right MFS(Manua1 Function Score) were respectively 97.43 and 98.13. 2. MFS was higher on right upper extremity function than on left upper extremity function. 3. MFS was not significantly different between male and female. 4. Both left and right MFS (Manual Function Score) was significantly negative correlation with age.

This study examined 'traditional' and 'modern' food use in Korean adults. Using a 24 hour recall method, trained interviewers assessed dietary intakes of 240 subjects aged 20's to 50's living in Seoul. Depending on the cultural characteristics of foods, 495 different kinds of foods eaten by the subjects were classified into 6 (Korean, Western, Eastern, modified Korean, modofied Western, modified Eeatern) types. The foods were also divided into 3 ('main dish', 'side dish', 'others') categories. Based on these categories, the dietary intakes of the subjects were analyzed in terms of proportionate frequencies of individual food items. The most frequenctly eaten food was the Korean food (67.68%), followed by the Western (22.61%), modified Eatern (2.31%), modified Western (1.65%), and modified Korean (1.36%) foods. Regarding the main dish category, the Korean food received the highest proportion due to the Korean's frequent intake of rice. Korean style foods were the most frequenctly consumed side dish (43.97% of total food consumption). In particular, kimchi consisted of 27.4% of the foods consumed as a side dish. In the 'others' category, Western style foods obtained the highest proportion owing to coffee consumption. The results of the study indicates some methodological problems and suggests a need for further studies.