본 연구에서는 산수유(Corni Fructus)의 기능성 소재화를 위한 적정 추출 조건을 찾아내기 위하여, 분말 입도 크기(CFP-1, CFP-2, CFP-3, CFP-4), 추출 용매(물, 에탄올, 메탄올)의 종류, 추출 용매 농도(물, 30% 에탄올, 60% 에탄올, 90% 에탄올, 메탄올) 및 추출 시간(3, 6, 9 12, 24시간)을 달리하여 추출 수율, 색도 및 항산화능(TPC, TAC, DPPH 라디칼 소거능)을 조사하였다. 분말 입도 CFP-2(45-60 mesh)는 추출 수율(5.45%), 적색도(30.71) 및 항산화능 TPC(3.52 μM GAE)와 TAC(19.20 μM GAE)가 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 추출 용매에 따라 60% 에탄올로 추출하였을 때 추출 수율은 9.15%로 가장 높았고(p<0.05), TAC는 90% 에탄올로 추출할 때 12.18 μM GAE로 가장 높았으며(p<0.05), DPPH 라디칼 소거능은 차이가 없었다(p<0.05). 추출 시간에 따라 추출 수율은 3시간 추출 시 4.43%로 가장 높았으며(p<0.05), 추출 시간에 따라 TAC, DPPH 라디칼 소거능은 차이가 없었다(p<0.05). 따라서 산수유의 적정 추출 조건은 분말입도 45-60 mesh(CFP-2), 추출 용매 90% 에탄올, 추출 시간 3시간 일 때 추출 수율, 색도 및 항산화능이 우수하였으며, 이를 이용하여 기능성 소재로 활용 가능하다고 판단된다.

The objective of this study was to identify the anti-oxidation, astringent, and inhibition effects of wild Ligularia fischeri on hyaluronidase and angiotensin conerting enzyme (ACE). In order to identify the total phenolic compound (TPC), various solvents were used for extraction showing hot water extract with the highest value of 14.42 GAE mg/g. In addition, ABTS radical scavenging activity measurements revealed an anti-oxdiation effect of 98.64-99.84% a hot water extract concentration of 50-200 μg/mL and a radical scavenging activity of 95.14-98.96% at a 60% ethanol extract content. If expressed in antioxidant protection factors (PF), the hot water extract showed 0.59-1.02 PF and the 60% ethanol sample displayed 0.30-0.74 PF. To identify the bio-activity effect, the hyaluronidase inhibition effect was determined as 4.66-35.00% in a 50-200 μg/mL hot water extract. Considering ACE inhibition effect, the hot water extract and 60% ethanol sample showed 0-64.24% and 46.12-69.64% inhibition effect, respectively. Lastly, when taking into account the astringent effect, the hot water extract with 50-200 μg/mL TPC concentration showed 15.68-26.92% and the 60% ethanol sample with an equal concentration exhibited 49.48-86.84%, which indicates the possibility to apply this product as a cosmetic source for pore contraction. Therefore, wild Ligularia fischeri extract can be used for anti-inflammation, high-blood pressure prevention, and as a source for health functional food with anti-oxidative properties.

For the purpose of reuse the wasted by-products from the skate process to the health functional food or medicinal material, chondroitin sulfate was extracted from the skate cartilage with the method of hydrolysis with protease enzyme, and the contents of chondroitin sulfate and hydrolyzed protein were measured qualitatively and quantitatively. The effects of chondroitin sulfate on body weight or liver weight changes, hepatotoxicity elimination and anti-inflammatory actions were measured from in vivo test with feed-treated mice. From the hydrolytic extraction of skate cartilage with the mixture of 1% alcalase and 1% protease for 4 hours, the extraction yield of chondroitin sulfate was about 32.55%. The content and molecular weight of chondroitin sulfate was 26.63% and 2.85×105 Da., respectively and the content ratio of chondroitin sulfate to protein was measured to 1 to 2.76 with gel permeation chromatography. For the odor component, trimethylamine decreased about 30% but almost not ammonia from chondroitin sulfate with the treatment of activated carbon. From the feeding chondroitin sulfate to mice, the control effect of body and liver weights decrease was measured, anti-inflammatory action and hepatotoxicity elimination action were also measured. From these results, process operation conditions for manufacturing of chondroitin sulfate were suggested.

The aim of this study was to investigate and development collagen peptide materials from skate skin. Protein and fat content of collagen peptide showed about 95% and 0.1%, respectively. Average molecular weight of collagen peptide was measured as 1,015. In the analysis of amino acid, glycine and hydroxy proline content in collagen peptide was 19.32% and 16.25%, respectively, showing a typical characteristics of the collagen peptide. In obese db/db mice ingested 500 mg/day of collagen peptide for 18 days, the amounts of food and water intake were decreased considerably, contents of triglyceride, total cholesterol were decreased significantly in white adipose tissue of db/db mice. The final yield of collagen peptide was 17.23% in the optimized process for mass production. These results indicate that collagen peptide from skate skin may serve as candidates of fat reduction in adipose tissue and could be used as functional food and cosmetic ingredients.

Bacterial cellulose (BC) has played important role as new functional material for food industry and industrial products based on its unique properties. The interest in BC from static cultures has increased steadily in recent years because of its potential for use in medicine and cosmetics. In this study, we investigated culture condition for BC production by Acetobacter sp. F15 in static culture. The strain F15, which was isolated from decayed fruit, was selected on the basis of BC thickness. The optimal medium compositions for BC production were glucose 7%, soytone 12%, K2HPO4 0.2%, NaH2PO4ㆍ2H2O 0.2%, lactic acid 0.05% and ethanol 0.3%, respectively. The strain F15 was able to produce BC at 26℃-36℃ with a maximum at 32 ℃. BC production occurred at pH 4.5-8 with a maximum at pH 6.5. Under these conditions, a maximum BC thickness of 12.15 mm was achieved after 9 days of cultivation; this value was about 2.3-fold higher than the thickness in basic medium. Scanning electron micrographs showed that BC from the optimal medium was more compact than plant cellulose and was reticulated structure consisting of ultrafine cellulose fibrils. BC from the optimal medium was found to be of cellulose type I, the same as typical native cellulose.

In order to get effective and useful results after experiments, it is essential to classify and analyze data resulted from experiments. After these processes, obtained data enables us to have meaningful indications. During experiments, the main concern was to find the reducing ratio of formaldehyde concentrations compared to reference level of added material which affect the indoor air quality. Finally, the main objective of this study is to validate on optimal added amount of eco-friendly material for functional concrete.

본 연구는 누에생실샘 미세분말을 포함하는 트윈케이크 및 팩트용 화장품 소재로서의 특성을 아미노산 분석, 항산화, 보습 및 탄력 효과와 관련된 다양한 실험을 통해 평가하였다. 누에생실샘 미세분말 함유 시험제형의 아미노산은 serine (26.77 %), aspartic (15.47 %), glycine (9.62 %) 등으로 조성되어 있으며, 보습 효과를 나타내는 serin은 누에분말보다 150 % 이상 함유하고 있었다. 누에생실샘 미세분말 함유 시험제형이 함유하지 않은 비교제형보다 입자 크기가 작음을 확인하였고, 우수한 항산화 활성을 지는 것으로 확인하였다. 또한 누에생실샘 미세분말 함유한 시험제형이 비교제형보다 피부 보습력과 탄력성에서 각각 257.2 %와 181.15 % 증가한 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 연구결과로부터 항산화뿐만 아니라 피부 보습 및 탄력성을 높인 누에생실샘 미세분말 함유 화장품의 기능성 화장품 소재 개발 가능성을 확인 하였다.