곰취(Ligularia fischeri)의 이용성을 높이데 필요한 기초자료를 확보하고자 메탄올을 용매로 하여 추출 온도 및 시간에 따른 생리활성 효과를 조사하였다. 곰취 메탄올추출물 1,000mg·L-1에 함유된 총 페놀함량, 총플라보노이드 함량은 각각 75.8-297.7mg·L-1 and 45.6-173.6mg·L-1이었다. 추출온도와 시간은 총 페놀함량, 총 플라보노이드 함량, 전자공여 능 의 경우 95℃에서 6시간 동안 추출했을 때 가장 좋았다. 그러나 아질산염 소거능은 75℃에서 12시간 추출한 것에서 97.4%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 곰취 메탄을 추출물 200mg·L-1 및 400mg·L-1 농도는 각각 폐암과 위암세포 증식을 90% 이상 억제시켰다. 따라서 곰취는 높은 생리활성 기능을 나타내는 채소로 나타났으며, 곰취를 가공품으로 이용하기 위해 메탄올로 추출할 때는 95℃에서 6시간 정도 하는 것이 좋을 것으로 생각되었다.

천연 살초성분 해발을 위한 기초적 연구로 발아 및 생장억제물질 동정을 위하여 몇 가지 유기용매에 따른 황련의 분획 추출물에 대한 다른 식물의 종자발아 및 유묘생장에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 추출물에 대한 검정식물의 발아율은 들깨, 배추, 피, 참깨 순으로 억제되었으며, 2,000ppm ethyl acetate추출물에서 가장 높은 발아억제를 보였다. 초장 및 뿌리생육은 참깨, 들깨, 배추, 피 순으로 억제되었으며, 특히 뿌리신장은 H2O, butyl alcohol, hexane, ethyl acetate 추출물 순으로 억제정도가 심하였다 추출물에 대한 발아 및 유묘생육의 억제정도는 참해 및 배추에서 종특이적으로 작용하였으며, 특히 물 추출물은 종자발아 및 뿌리 신장에 천연살초활성을 보였다. 이러한 결과들은 금후 천연제초제 개발을 위한 기초자료로 이용될 것으로 기대되었다.

The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is mandatory in adipogenesis. In this study, we investigated the applicability of functional materials for the treatment of obesity by examining Wnt/β-catenin pathway reporter activity related to adipocyte differentiation inhibiting with korean native plant extracts. The luciferase activity of HEK 293-TOP cells increased the reporter activity approximately 152% and 130% by treatment with Sanguisorba officinalis and Thuja orientalis, respectively. Ricinus communis were represented about 90% higher activity, two samples(Rosa rugosa and Sophorae Flos) showed 80% higher activity than the control. Three samples of plant extracts (Zanthoxylum piperitum, Pueraria thunbergiana, Solanum nigrum) were about 70% higher activity compared with the non-treated control. Cytotoxicity of plant extracts was not detected in the rat neural stem cells. These results suggest that the selected eight plant extracts are safe compounds. Our findings indicate that Wnt/β-catenin pathway reporter activity could be used for high throughput screening system. In addition, the plant extracts selected as candidates for adipocyte differentiation inhibiting may be potential therapeutic agents for obesity, it will be exploring the possibility of developing an anti-obesity materials through further experiments with selected plant extracts.

In order to improved use of Persicaria tinctoria seeds and to get basic information, general composition, fatty acid, mineral, amind acid analysis and physiological activity of methanol extract of Persicaria tinctoria seeds were investigated. Total calories of Persicaria tinctoria seeds were 348.00 kcal/100 g, general composition, carbohydrate, crude protein, crude fat and crude ash consisted of 7.85%, 67.90%, 10.10%, 4.00% and 10.15%, respectively. The amount of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids was showed 0.9048 g/100 g and 2,714 g/100 g, respectively. Minerals contained 100g of Persicaria tinctoria seeds were followed by K (549.5 ㎎), Mg (264.4 ㎎), Ca (216.2 ㎎), Fe (12.1 ㎎), Zn (3.0 ㎎). Total 15 kinds of amino acids were detected, these amino acids displayed higher value in the alanine (1,432.6 ㎎/100 g) and glutamic acid (1,088.8 ㎎/100 g). Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were 11.08 ㎎/L and 3.56 ㎎/L, respectively. DPPH radical scavenging and ABTS radical scavenging activity in the methanol extract of 1,000 ㎎/L was showed 86.74% and 61.74%, respectively.

고구마 잎을 건조 채소화 하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하 기 위해서 열풍건조한 고구마 잎 메탄올 추출물에 함유된 총 탄닌, 총 플라보노이드, 총 폴리페놀 함량을 분석하고, 항산화 효과로 DPPH 라디칼 소거활성, ABTS 라디칼 소거 능, 아질산염 소거능 등을 분석 비교 검토하였다. 총 탄닌 함량은 신미 40℃에서 10.87 mg/g, 70℃에서 7.28 mg/g으로 감소되었고, 총 플라보노이드는 하얀미 40℃에서 55.37 mg/g, 70℃에서 39.63 mg/g으로 감소되었다. 즉 저온건조가 고온건조보다 이들 물질의 함량이 많았다. DPPH 라디칼소 거 활성은 신미와 하얀미 40℃에서 84.33%와 85.25%로 가 장 높았으며, ABTS 라디칼 소거능도 40℃ 처리구에서 80% 가 넘는 높은 값이었다. 아질산염 소거능은 신미와 하얀미 가 40℃에서 76.15%와 73.74%로 가장 높았고 70℃에서는 낮았다. 품종 간에는 하얀미가 신미보다 페놀성 물질과 항 산화 물질이 더 많은 것으로 나타났다. 즉 건조한 고구마 잎의 항산화 효과는 품종간의 차이는 있었으나, 40℃ 시료 에서 높고, 70℃ 시료에서 낮았다. 이는 건조온도에 의해 영향을 받는 것으로서 낮은 온도에서 건조하는 것이 유효성 분의 감소가 적어 항산화 능력이 높은 결과이었다.

Dendrobium loddigesii (DL) is a valuable and versatile herbal medicine with the anecdotal claims of anti-oxidant and anti-inflammation. In the present study, we investigated the whitening effects of DL under various conditions with B16F10 melanoma cells. The DL extract inhibited melanin contents and tyrosinase activity in a dose-dependent manner, compared with untreated group. Treatment of the DL extract effectively suppressed the α-MSH-stimulated melanin formation, tyrosinase activity and dendrite outgrowth. Moreover, the α-MSH-induced mRNA expressions of tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2), microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and protein expression of tyrosinase were significantly attenuated by DL treatment. These results indicate that DL may be a great cosmeceutical ingredient for its whitening effects.

본 연구는 관중속(Dryopteris) 3종인 관중(D. crassirhizoma), 참지네고사리(D. nipponensis)와 주저리고사리(D. fragrans var. remotiuscula)의 성엽 및 관중, 참지네고사리의 근경의 α-glucosidase 억제활성을 분석하여 천연 α-glucosidase 저해제의 개발을 위한 천 연소재를 탐색하기 위하여 수행하였다. 관중속 3종의 성엽 및 근경 을 동결건조하여 분쇄한 다음 100% 메탄올을 용매로 42kHz의 초 음파 수조에서 30분간 초음파 추출하여 얻은 조추출물을 사용하여 분석하였다. 관중속 3종의 α-glucosidase 억제활성을 분석한 결과, 성엽 및 근경에서 IC50 값은 참지네고사리가 각 4.13, 2.19μg·mL-1로 가장 높았으며, 대조구로 사용한 acarbose(IC50=1413.70μg·mL-1) 에 비해 억제활성이 각 342.30, 645.53배 높았다. α-glucosidase 활 성의 50%를 억제하기 위한 필요 생체량은 참지네고사리의 성엽 및 근경이 각 0.04, 0.05mg의 가장 적은 양을 필요로 하였다. 조추출물 에서 α-glucosidase 억제활성이 높고 필요 생체량이 적었던 참지네 고사리를 선발하여, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol 및 water 순으로 용매별 분획한 다음 각 분획물에 대한 α-glucosidase 억제활성 및 필요 생체량을 비교 분석하였다. 참지네고사리의 성엽 은 n-butanol 분획물(1.09μg·mL-1), 근경은 water 분획물(9.36μ g·mL-1)에서 높았으며, acarbose에 비해 각 1296.97, 151.04배의 높은 억제활성을 나타냈다. 필요 생체량을 분석한 결과에서도, 참지 네고사리의 성엽과 근경은 각각 n-butanol, water 분획물에서 가장 높았다. 본 연구의 결과, 참지네고사리의 조추출물은 적은 생체량으 로도 높은 α-glucosidase 억제활성을 나타내기 때문에 항당뇨제 천 연소재로써의 개발가치가 매우 높은 것으로 생각되었다.

Dendrobium moniliforme (DM) is a valuable and versatile herbal medicine with the anecdotal claims of antioxidant and anti-inflammation. In the present study, we investigated the whitening and anti-wrinkling effects of DM under various conditions with B16F10 melanoma cells and human dermal fibroblasts. The DM extract inhibited melanin contents and tyrosinase activity in a dose-dependent manner, compared with untreated group. Treatment of the DM extract effectively suppressed the α-MSH-stimulated melanin formation, tyrosinase activity and dendrite outgrowth. Moreover, the α-MSH-induced mRNA expressions of tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1) and tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2) and protein expression of tyrosinase were significantly attenuated by DM treatment. We also investigated the DM increased the production of type I procollagen and inhibited TNF-α-induced mRNA expressions of MMP-1, -3 in the human dermal fibroblast. These results indicate that DM may be a great cosmeceutical ingredient for its whitening and anti-wrinkle effects.

본 연구에서는 미성숙 목화다래 추출물의 항산화능을 알아보기 위해 다래를 크기별로 구분하여 총 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량과 DPPH radical의 소거능, 아질산염 소거능, ABTS radical 소거능 및 SOD 유사활성을 측정하였다. 추출물의 페놀성 화합물과 플라보노이드 함량은 목화다래의 크기가 작을수록 높게 나타났으며, DPPH radical 소거능 및 ABTS radical의 소거능 또한 작은 크기에서 상대적으로 높은 활성을 보였다. 이는 다른 선행연구들에서와 같이 페놀함량이 높은 실험군에서 DPPH radical 소거능과 ABTS radical 소거능이 높게 나타나 유의성을 확인하였다. 아질산염 소거능은 인체 위 내부환경과 같은 pH 1.2에서는 높은 활성을 보이다가 pH 4.2에서는 점차로 활성이 떨어지는 결과를 보였으며, 중성에 가까운 pH 6.0에서는 아질산염 소거에 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 SOD 유사활성은 대조군인 ascorbic acid에 비하면 낮은 활성이었지만, 기 보고된 다른 천연물들의 효소활성과 비교하였을 때 더 높거나 비슷한 결과를 나타냈다. 이와 같이 본 실험을 통해 미성숙 목화다래의 뛰어난 항산화 활성을 확인할 수 있었으며, 이는 향후 화장품이나 기능성 식품 등에 있어서 새로운 소재개발의 가능성을 시사해주는 것으로서, 그동안 주로 천연 솜의 생산을 위해 재배되어왔던 목화의 제한적 활용성을 더욱 다양하게 해줄 것으로 기대된다.

This study was performed to select adequate plant materials for developing a natural α-glucosidase inhibitor by analyzing α-glucosidase inhibition activity in fronds and rhizomes of three Dryopteridaceae species: Cyrtomium fortunei, Polystichum polyblepharum, and P. lepidocaulon. The highest α-glucosidase inhibitor obtained from frond of P. lepidocaulon (4.16μg·mL-1), and rhizome of C. fortunei (1.84μg·mL-1), showed much higher inhibition activity than acarbose (1413.70μg·mL-1). The biomass required to inhibit α-glucosidase by 50% was 0.04 ~ 0.35mg for frond and 0.03 ~ 0.10mg for rhizome, and P. lepidocaulon required the least amount of fronds and P. lepidocaulon the least rhizomes. In frond, α-glucosidase inhibition activity was the highest in water fraction of C. fortunei (20.2μg·mL-1), and n-butanol fraction of P. lepidocaulon (9.33μg·mL-1) and P. polyblepharum (5.10μg·mL-1). In rhizome, it was the highest in n-butanol fractions of C. fortunei (19.76μg·mL-1) and P. polyblepharum (4.47μg·mL-1), and ethylacetate fraction of P. lepidocaulon (5.46μg·mL-1). The frond biomass required for 50% α-glucosidase inhibition was the lowest in the water fraction of C. fortunei (1.43mg), and n-butanol fractions of P. lepidocaulon (1.10mg) and P. polyblepharum (0.66mg). The required biomass of rhizome was the lowest in the water fraction of C. fortunei (1.59mg), and n-hexane fractions of P. lepidocaulon (0.04mg) and P. polyblepharum (0.15mg). The result of this study suggested that the three Dryopteridaceae species had high α-glucosidase inhibition activity with small biomass, which might have high value as materials for economical anti-diabetic medication.

Proximate composition, total phenolics and total flavonoids level, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and cytotoxicity were determined in the methanol extracts of different plant parts of Youngia sonchifolia at reproductive growth stage. Crude protein and crude fat were present as the highest amount in flowers, and crude fiber in the stems and roots. The highest content of phenolics [mg ferulic acid equivalents (FAE) kg-1dry weight (DW)] was found in flowers (highest) and followed by leaves, stems and roots (lowest). Flavonoids [mg rutin equivalents kg-1 DW] level, however, showed the highest in leaf extracts and lowest in root extracts. The antioxidant potential of the methanol extracts from the plants dose-dependently increased DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging activity (%). DPPH radical scavenging activity were highest in root extracts (IC50 = 1,135.6 mg kg-1) and followed by leaf, stem and flower extracts. By way of MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay, methanol extracts of roots showed the highest anticancer activity on human cancer cell line Calu-6 for human pulmonary carcinoma (IC50= 196.3 mg kg-1) and HCT-116 for human colon carcinoma (IC50=623.6 mg kg-1)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the anxiolytic-like effect of the methanol extract of Sophorae fructus (MESF) using elevated plus-maze (EPM), open field test, and horizontal wire test in mice. MESF was orally administered at doses of 50, 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg to ICR mice 1 h before behavioral evaluation. The control group was given an equal volume of 10% Tween 80, and the positive control group was given diazepam (1 mg/kg, i.p.). The administration of MESF significantly increased the percentage of time spent in open arms and the entries into the open arms of the EPM compared with the 10% Tween 80-treated control group (p < 0.05). In addition, the anxiolytic-like activities of MESF were antagonized by flumazenil (a GABAA antagonist, 10 mg/kg) but not by WAY-100635 (a 5-HT1A antagonist, 0.3 mg/kg). Futhermore, there were no changes in the locomotor activity and myorelaxant effects of the experimental group, as opposed to the 10% Tween 80-treated control group. Therefore, these findings suggest that MESF promotes the anxiolytic-like activity mediated by the GABAergic nervous system in mice.

In order to develop as a natural source of anticancer materials of Cudrania tricuspidata, the cytotoxicity of methanol extracts by harvesting parts and times against 8 cell lines including 293 (normal kidney cells) and A-431 (epidermoid carcinoma cells) were investigated using MTT assay. All harvesting parts had hardly cytotoxicity against 293. And methanol extracts of stem bark and root bark showed very high cytotoxicities against 7 cancer cell lines. The cytotoxicity was the highest against HeLa (cervix adenocarcinoma cells) and followed by MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma cells), AGS (stomach adenocarcinoma cells), HT-29 (colon adenocarcinoma cells), HepG2 (hepatoblastoma cells), A549 (lung carcinoma cells) and A-431. By the way, leaf extract had a cytotoxicity against only AGS and ripe fruit extract had no cytotoxicity. Among harvesting times, the cytotoxicity of root bark were high from April to September but that of stem bark showed a little difference. These results showed that anticancer activities of Cudrania tricuspidata extracts were eventful changes by harvesting parts and times.

The anti-oxidant properties of Lactuca indica were determined using in-vitro assay systems. The vitamin C contents of the leaf and root extracts were 24.14 and 0.38 mg/100 g, respectively. The total polyphenol contents of the leaf and root extracts were 42.8 and 7.66 mg/g, and their flavonoid contents were 23.09 and 0.77 mg/g. The leaf extract showed higher DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging ability than the root extract at all the extract concentrations. Especially, the ABTS radical scavenging ability of the leaf extract was 92.3% at a concentration of 5 mg/mL. The reducing power was increased with the increase in the concentration of extracts, and the leaf extract had a higher reducing power than the root. The Fe2+-chelating ability of the leaf and root were 97.2% and 34.3% at 14 mg/mL, respectively. The IC50 values of the leaf for DPPH, its ABTS radical scavenging ability, and its Fe2+-chelating ability were 0.19, 2.7, and 6.27 mg/mL, respectively, and the leaf extract showed lower IC50 values than root extract. These results show that the L. indica leaf extract contained high amounts of anti-oxidative compounds and had higher anti-oxidant activity levels than the root extract. It is suggested that Lactuca indica is very high in availability as a functional food and in its materials.

Assai 열매추출물의 자유 라디칼 소거능을 측정하기 위하여 DPPH를 이용한 자유 라디칼 소거능 실험을 수행하여 항산화 효과를 측정한 결과, assai열매추출물의 농도가 높을수록 DPPH활성이 뛰어남을 알 수 있었고, ROS를 이용하여 항산화 효과를 확인하였다. 배양된 대식세포에 assai열매추출물을 농도별로 첨가한 결과, 농도가 높을수록 과산화수소에 의해 유도된 산화적 자극이 감소하였다. 또한 세포 생존에 미치는 영향을 알고자 assai열매추

This experiment was carried out to obtain the cytotoxicity and antioxidative activity of Artemisiae Argi Folium. The total polyphenol contents in the ethyl acetate fraction of the ethanol extract and the methanol extract were 430.27mg/g and 427.84mg/g, respectively. In DPPH radical scavenging ability, SC50 values of the ethyl acetate fraction of the ethanol extract and the methanol extract were 32.64 μg/ml and 27.70 μg/ml as the same level of statistical with ascorbic acid. In the cytotoxicity measurement by MTT assay, the chloroform and hexane fraction, and each extract were exhibited higher cytotoxicity than the other fractions. In particular, the ethyl acetate fractions appeared high activity in DPPH radical scavenging ability were began to show cytotoxicity in 125 μg/ml. As a result, the ethyl acetate fraction of Artemisiae Argi Folium extract was the most highly active fraction in antioxidative activity. However, for the use of extracts and fractions from Artemisiae Argi Folium to related fields, the setting of appropriate concentration is required.