To lead a movie to success, managers must understand why consumers buy tickets. Some go to the movies due to trailers or movie posters, others watch movies triggered by their friends’ recommendation. Using Bass (1969)’s terms, we may categorize the former type of consumers into innovators who are influenced by external factors such as advertisements and media reports. We may label the latter type as imitators who are affected by internal factors such as word-of-mouth (WOM). Consumers in the digital era, regardless of their motivation types, easily obtain information related to movies through webpages or social networking services. Therefore, marketers should focus on how online information influence the diffusion of products. Additionally, each country has a unique cultural background, thereby resulting in different consumer behavior. Based on the prior arguments, we expect that the US movie market would show higher innovation effect and lower imitation effect compared to the Korean movie market. Opposite to the hypothesis, there are no significant differences in the innovation effect between the two markets. However, as expected, the imitation effect of US is significantly lower than that of Korea. In both markets, the advertising level and the publicizing level do not show any significant effect on the innovation effect. However, the two variables have significant and positive effect on the market potential. As predicted, the gender and the age heterogeneity of WOM are revealed to affect the imitation effect in the hypothesized direction. Product availability, measured with the number of screens, has a positive relationship with the innovation effect in the US market and with the market potential in both markets. Lastly, seasonality shows a positive association with the imitation effect in the US market and with the market potential in the Korean market. The current research tries to explore key differences in the diffusion patterns of movies between the US and Korean markets by applying Bass diffusion model. Further, this study aims to discover the factors that bring about the innovation and the imitation effects in both markets. By employing data available online, the current study could provide practical implications on how to manage information delivered through online channels.

본 연구는 로지스틱 회귀분석을 통해 도심지와 산지에 서식하는 매미과 번식울음의 차이를 밝히는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상지는 한반도 중부지역 서울시 방배동 경남아파트 단지와 원주시 치악산국립공원을 선정했다. 현장실측은 2017년 6월부터 9월까지 4개월간 각 연구대상지에 녹음장치를 설치하여 진행하였다. 각 대상지별 기상요인은 기상청 자료를 활용하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 출현종은 두 지역 공통종으로 털매미, 참매미, 애매 미, 유지매미, 늦털매미가 관측되었다. 도심지인 서울시에서는 말매미가 관측되었고, 산지인 치악산국립공원에서는 소요산매미가 관측되었다. 둘째, 종별 출현 시기는 털매미는 두 지역 모두 7월초에 등장하였고 서울시보다 치악산 털매미가 더 오랜 시간을 울었다. 또한 털매미가 울음을 그치는 시점에서 참매미, 애 매미, 유지매미가 울음을 시작하였다. 해당 매미는 두 지역 모두 비슷한 시기에 출현하였으나 서울시보다 치악산 매미가 늦게 울음을 시작하고 종료하였다. 늦털매미는 두 대상 지 모두 9월중 출현하였다. 서울시 말매미는 가장 오랜 기간 동안 울었으며, 치악산 소요산매미는 털매미보다 더 일찍 시작하여 비슷한 시기 동안 울었다. 셋째, 종별 일주기 패턴은 도심지와 산지에 서식하는 동 일종이라도 다르게 나타났다. 참매미는 서울시에서는 오전에 피크를 형성했으나 치악산에서는 정오에 피크를 이루었다. 또한 도심지에서는 산지와 달리 야간에 참매미와 유지매미가 우는 경우가 있었다. 넷째, 기상요인과 각 매미 간 상호관계를 분석하기 위해 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 각 매미는 여름 시간대 별로 출현종에 차이가 있으므로 출현군을 나누어 분석하였다. 서울시 방배동의 경우, 여름 초기에 우는 털매미는 습도 (0.954배/1%)에 의해 울음 가능성이 감소하였다. 여름 중기에는 말매미, 참매미, 애매미, 유지매미를 분석하였다. 말매미는 일사량(7.096배/1MJm2), 기온, 습도에 의해 울음 가능성이 증가하였으며, 다른 모든 매미종이 울 때마다 울음 가능성이 증가하였다. 애매미는 일사량(1.585배/1MJm2)에 의해 울음 가능성이 증가하였으며, 말매미에게 영향을 받아 가능성이 증가하였다. 유지매미는 울음 가능성이 기온 (1.385배/1℃)에 의해 증가하고 습도, 일사에 의해 감소하였으며, 말매미가 울 때 가능성이 증가하였다. 참매미는 울음 가능성이 습도와 기온에 의해 상승하고 풍속(0.799배 /1ms)에 의해 감소하였고, 말매미와 애매미가 울 때 가능성이 증가하였다. 여름 말기에 운 늦털매미는 습도(0.954배 /1%)에 의해 울음 가능성이 감소하였다. 원주시 치악산국 립공원의 경우, 대부분의 매미들이 일사량에 높은 영향을 받았다. 여름 초기는 소요산매미와 털매미를 분석하였다. 소요산매미는 울음 가능성이 일사(1.863배/1MJm2)에 의해 증가하고 기온, 습도에 의해 감소하였으며, 털매미가 울 때 마다 울음 가능성이 증가하였다. 털매미는 울음 가능성이 일사량(1.712배/1MJm2), 기온, 습도에 의해 증가하였으며, 소요산매미가 울 때마다 가능성이 증가하였다. 여름 중기에는 참매미, 애매미, 유지매미를 분석하였다. 참매미는 울음 가능성이 일사량(5.159배/1MJm2), 기온, 습도에 의해 증가 하였으며, 애매미가 울 때마다 가능성이 증가하였다. 애매 미는 일사량(4.515배/1MJm2), 기온에 의해 울음 가능성이 증가하였으며, 참매미와 유지매미가 울 때마다 가능성이 증가하였다. 유지매미는 기상요인 중 기온(1.362배/1℃)에 의 해 울음 가능성이 증가하였으며, 애매미가 울 때마다 가능성이 증가하였다. 여름 말기에 운 늦털매미는 울음 가능성이 일사(7.020배/1MJm2), 기온에 울음 가능성이 증가하고 습도에 감소하였다.

1. 본 연구는 고구마의 큐어링 처리 및 저장기간에 따른 품종별 저장성 차이를 조사하여 품종별 적정 저장 조건을 설정하고자 수행하였다. 수확된 고구마는 온도 32±1℃, 상대습도 92±3% 조건에서 3일간 큐어링 처리를 실시하였고 대조구와 함께 13±℃의 저장고에 30주간 저장하였다. 2. 저장 기간에 따른 부패율 및 감모율은 품종별로 큐어링 처리 여부에 따라 다른 양상을 보였으며 대부분 품종에서 큐어링 처리구의 부패율과 감모율이 낮게 나타났다. 품종별로는 ‘호감미’, ‘풍원미’, ‘신건미’, ‘주황미’가 장기저장을 위해서 큐어링 처리가 필요한 품종으로 나타났으며, ‘다호미’, ‘연자미’ 품종은 큐어링 처리 여부에 따른 유의한 차이가 없었다. 3. 큐어링 처리 여부에 따른 부패율 차이가 없었던 ‘다호미’, ‘연자미’를 제외한 나머지 품종은 감모율 조사에서도 큐어링 처리가 장기 저장에 더 유리한 것으로 조사되었다. 4. ‘호감미’ 품종의 경우 저장기간별 부패율 및 감모율을 예측하고 조수입을 계산하였을 때 큐어링 처리 시에는 조수입이 증가하였으나 큐어링 무처리 시에는 저장기간이 길어질수록 조수입이 감소하였다. 5. 따라서 이러한 품종별 저장성 차이를 고려하여 각 품종에 맞는 수확 후 관리 및 적정 출하시기를 예측하는 것이 고구마 저장성 증대 및 농가 소득 향상에 유용하게 적용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

In this study, the differences of holding power according to the shape and weight distribution of concrete weight used in shellfish shell fishery were investigated through the experiments. To investigate the differences in shape, five bar-shaped concrete weights with the same length and different cross-sectional shapes were produced. The sectional shape of each weight was square, triangle, circle, small cross, and large cross (SQ, TR, CI, CR-S, CR-L). Ten rectangular parallelepiped weights with different bottom area and cross-sectional area were produced. To investigate the differences by the weight distribution, the holding power on the square model (SQ) with six 50 g weights at different positions was investigated. All the holding power was obtained by measuring the tensile force generated when the concrete weight was pulled at a constant speed on the sand. As a result, there were no differences in holding power between the ten rectangular weights. However, the experiment on weights with different cross-sectional shapes showed differences in holding power. The holding power was higher in the order of CR-L > CR-S > CI > TR > SQ. In the weight distribution test, the holding power was higher as the front side of the weight was heavier. Generally, the frictional force is the same even if the shape is different, when two objects have the same value in the weight and the roughness. On the other hand, it seems to have a large impact when the shape of the bottom is deformed in the course of pulling the object. Particularly, the larger the degree of protrusion like cruciform weights, the more the holding power increased while deeply digging the bottom. It is also likely that the holding power increases as the front weight increases.

This study examined the relationship between coping style for stress and emotional eating behavior focused on gender difference. A total of 475 college students(males, 244; females, 231) participated in this study. The results were as follows. First, there were significant gender difference in coping style for stress. The scores of male students were significantly higher than those of female students in the problem-focused and self-comforting coping styles, whereas scores of female students were significantly higher than male students in social support pursuit and emotion-focused coping styles. Second, there were significant gender difference in emotional eating behavior. Female students reported higher emotional eating behavior than male students. Third, male students preferred a problem-focused coping style, whereas female students preferred a social support pursuit coping style the most. Fourth, the interaction of gender and coping style for stress were not related to the emotional eating behavior. Both of male and female students who preferred an emotion focused coping style reported the highest score in emotional eating behavior. The limitations of the present study and suggestions for future research were discussed.

본 연구는 국제광고 맥락에서 한국과 중국의 현지화 혹은 표준화 논의의 중심으로 사용되는 문화적 불확실성 회피성향의 광고 수용에 대한 영향력을 정교화하여 검증하고자 한다. 구체적으로, 주효과로써 불확실성 회피성향에 감정소구라는 다른 주효과를 설정하여 두 변인 사이의 중재(moderating)효과 살펴보았다. 측정한 결과, 기존의 연구들과 유사하게 불확실성 요소는 광고효과에 유의미한 영항을 미치는 것으로 조사되었다. 하지만 문화차원과 감정소구 변인을 동시에 측정하였을 때, 중국 소비자의 경우 감정적 소구와 불확실성 요소를 최대한으로 사용하는 경우 가장 높은 광고효과를 보인 반면, 한국의 소비자들은 감정적 소구 요소와 불확실성 수준을 최소한으로 사용하는 경우 최대의 광고효과를 보였다. 즉, 두 주효과 변인은 유의미한 상호작용을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 보다 상세한 이론적 논의와 현업에 대한 시사 점은 본문에서 다루고 있다.

본 연구는 최근에 도입된 원통형 종이포트 묘에 대한 현장 활용가능성을 검토하고자 기존의 프러그 묘를 대조구로 하여 몇가지 육묘조건에 따른 묘의 생육 차이를 분석하고, 정식 후 수량을 비교하였다. 전주 유리온실에서 수행된 육묘 실험에서는 묘의 생육은 프러그 트레이 50공에서 지속 시비한 처리에서 생육량이 가장 많았다. 생육은 육묘 상자의 구멍에 채우는 상토량에 따라 영향을 받으며, 육묘 상자 보다는 시비 처리에 따른 차이가 더 컸다. 공시한 ‘청양’, ‘대권선언’, ‘롱그린맛’ 품종 모두 같은 양상을 보였다. 육묘 후 비닐하우스와 노지에 심어서 뿌리 발달과 수량을 조사한 결과, 비닐하우스 재배 시 ‘청양’ 품종의 뿌리 내림은 종이포트묘와 프러그 묘 간에 차이가 없었으며, 공시한 3 품종 모두 최종 누적수량의 차이는 없었다. 전주 지역 노지재배에서는 ‘청양’은 종이포트묘가, ‘대권선언’과 ‘롱그린맛’은 프러그묘가 누적수량이 많았다. 영양 지역에서 ‘대권선언’ 품종은 종이포트묘와 프러그묘 간에 수량 차이는 없었다. 결론적으로 육묘 처리 조건에 따른 원통형 종이포트 고추묘의 생육의 변화는 기존의 프러그묘와 같은 양상이며, 정식 후 재배조건과 품종에 따른 미미한 차이는 있었으나 전반적으로 수량차이는 없는 것으로 나타나 앞으로 원통 형 종이포트 고추 묘에 대한 활용가능성은 높을 것으로 판단되었다.

입성(入声)이란, 중세 중국어(中古汉语)에서는 평성, 상성, 거성, 입성으로 이루어지는 4성 성조체계의 일부분을 말하며, 현대 중국어(现代汉语)에서는 중세 중국어의 입성에 연원을 두는 ‘성조 범주(调类)’를 가리킨다. 본 논문에서는 광둥 메이센 방언(广东梅县话(커자 방언, 客 家话)), 푸젠 푸칭 방언(福建福清话(민 방언, 闽语)), 베이징 방언(北京话(북방 관화, 北方官 话))의 입성에 대하여 간략히 기술하고, 최적성이론을 통하여 이 세 방언에서 입성의 실현 양상이 왜 달리 나타나는가에 대하여 설명을 시도하였다. 10개의 제약조건 Ident(Place), Ident (Cons), MAX, DEP, Ident(Manner), No-CodaOral, No-CodaCons, No-Coda, No-MonoCoda, No-CodaObs 간의 제약등급관계에 따라, 메이센 방언에서는 중세 중국어의 입성 운미가 유지되었고, 푸칭 방언에서는 3개의 구강 파열음이 모두 성문 파열음으로 수렴되었으며, 베이징 방언에서는 운미가 모음으로 변하거나 탈락되었다

Due to dramatic changes in the trend of corporate management in economics, labor and government, companies are being asked to adapt creative and innovative organizational culture in order to keep sustainability. Under the circumstances, flexible working hour becomes one of very effective method for organization culture improvement. Recently, M company has introduced the new policy of working hours that employees can choose a couple of different time options depending on their personal situations. And it turns out to be very effective to work & life balance, increasing organizational vitality, improving efficiency of business and productivity, recruitment of core human resources, and prevention of deviation; both team and personal performance levels has significantly improved. Therefore, it is highly recommended to adapt flexible working policies for companies seeking for a long term, sustainable corporate vision.

본 연구는 희곡(戱曲) 장르인 심택추자희에서 주목하는 포공의 형상화에 초점을 맞추고자 했다. 또한 극장 예술로 변용된 심택추자희를 바탕으로 하여, 한국 창극의 대표적인 작품과 비교하여, 극화된 대본과 공연의 유사성과 차이점을 논구하는데에 역점을 두고자 했다. 대본의 측면에서 흥보전은 민담의 대립과 반복적 모티프를 활용하여 상관관계를 설정하고 있다. 또한 기본적으로 장면은 제시부, 상황부, 종결부로 구성되어 있다. 흥보전 은 형재애를 주제로 삼기 있기는 하지만 놀부(악형)를 중심으로 전개하는 특징을 지닌다. 반면에 포공출세는 신화 속 영웅의 모험 구조를 따르고 있다. 장면 구성은 흥보전의 경우처럼 세 부분 으로 분화되고 이중 상황부는 고난과 관련된 사건을 병렬적으로 열거하고 있다. 포공출세는 포공을 중심으로 선과 악의 구도를 가족관계를 다루고 있다. 무대미술의 측면에서 포공 출세의 무대는 그림, 병풍 등을 제한적으로만 사용하여 평면적인 인상에서 벗어나지 못하는 반면, 흥보전의 무대는 실제적 설계를 바탕으로 무대를 축조해서 입체적인 느낌을 자아내고자 했다. 한편 포공출세의 무대 (소)도구는 간략한 편이며 과학기술의 활용 역시 미미하다. 반면, 흥보전 의 무대(미술)는 대형화하여 과학적인 기술로 극적 효과를 극대화하려는 움직임을 지향하고 있다. 또한 음악은 포공출세와 흥보전 공연에서 높은 비중을 차지하 는 공연 요소이다. 비록 사용되는 악기가 상당한 차이를 보이지만 전반적으로 현악기와 타악기로 나뉜다는 점에서는 공통점을 공유하고 있다. 배우가 노래를 할 때 반주하는 점 역시 동일하지만, 포공출세의 경우에는 배우가 등장하기 전에 타악기로 무장(武場) 반주하고, 흥보전 의 경우에는 배우가 등장한 이후 배우의 동작에 맞춰 수성 반주한다.

PURPOSES : This study analyzed the difference in a driver’s workload between using a driving simulator and field driving in tunnel, highway.METHODS: Based on the literature review, it was found that a driver’s workload could be quantified using biosignals. This study analyzed the biosignal data of 30 participants using data collected while they were using a driving simulator and during a field test involving tunnel driving. Relative energy parameter was used for biosignal analysis.RESULTS : The driver’s workload was different between the driving simulator and field driving in tunnels, highway. Compared with the driving simulator test, the driver’s workload exhibited high value in field driving. This result was significant at the 0.05 level. The same result was observed before the tunnel entrance section and 200 m after the entrance section.CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the driving simulator effect that drivers feel safer and more comfortable using a driving simulator than during a field test. Future studies should be designed considering the result of this study, age, type of simulator, study site and so on.

In previous experiment, drying efficiency of infrared and hot air dryers was investigated. On this study, drying rate of sweet potato according to different infrared interval was performed to find the optimal interval range. Steamed sweet potato was cut to a thickness of 0.5cm, the width and length were 1.5*3cm. The condition of infrared drying was 60 to 40°C, which range of interval was adjusted 5 to 20°C. Moisture content, brix, color, and texture were estimated as quality parameters. Drying rate was increased with decreasing temperature range and soluble solid contents were increased as drying time was increased, but there was no difference after 4 hours. Hardness was resulted in highest value at small temperature range and hard texture was affected by drying time. However, there were no significant differences in L, a, b value. In conclusion, small interval range of infrared was indicated highest drying efficiency and the optimal condition of drying time was 4 to 6.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the difference of basic learning ability according to departments of college students. For this, MANOVA was performed. In order to reflect the difference between major fields, the norm was calculated considering the mean and standard deviation of the whole sample. The raw score was converted into the standard score T and used for the analysis. First, to understand the basic learning ability of college students, participants were classified according to major fields, and the average scores of major courses were checked for sub-areas of basic learning ability. As a result, the average scores varied depending on their major fields. The aeronautics, natural sciences, and health sciences majors, which have overlapping academic fields that emphasize a scientific approach, are ranked higher in the math ability as well as in overall scores. The Arts and Physics departments showed high scores in areas requiring humanistic literacy such as Literacy and Common Sense. Second, the differences in the division of college majors are analyzed by dependent variables. Literacy, Math, Common Sense, and IT were statistically significant (P = .000). Math was estimated at 65%, Literacy at 54%, Common Sense at 46%, and IT at 38%. In other words, students' majors affect the level of basic learning ability, and Math has the greatest influence among basic learning abilities. The results of this study are expected to provide useful information as theoretical and empirical data, to help us understand why the basic learning ability of college students is deteriorating, and set up appropriate educational treatment plan.

Mobile shoppers have encountered frequent color mismatch in the products that they have purchased, as they can only rely on their sense of sight. Therefore, fabric color and color difference recognized by smartphone display during mobile shopping were studied using instrument analysis method. It aimed to gather precise information on actual fabric color understanding of the mobile shoppers purchasing textile products. Three smartphones were selected from LG, Samsung, and Apple companies, and four colors were researched (red, yellow, green and blue) to both polyester and wool test fabrics for color analysis though color measuring instruments. The results from the spectrophotometer indicated that the color coordinate location of smartphone fabric color is similarly distributed regardless of the type of fabric. The Samsung smartphone displays a relatively high color chroma (especially on red-colored fabric) regardless of the type of fabric due to a high color reproduction range. In contrast, the LG smartphone, which has high color temperature, displays high color chroma on the blue colored fabric with a significant color mismatch between the actual fabric color and smartphone fabric color. From the results of this study, issues related to mobile shopping can be addressed through an analysis of the products sold, the smartphone’s color representation, and user understanding.

Mobile shoppers have encountered frequent color mismatch in the products that they have purchased, as they can only rely on their sense of sight. Therefore, fabric color and color difference recognized by smartphone display during mobile shopping were studied using instrument analysis method. It aimed to gather precise information on actual fabric color understanding of the mobile shoppers purchasing textile products. Three smartphones were selected from LG, Samsung, and Apple companies, and four colors were researched (red, yellow, green and blue) to both polyester and wool test fabrics for color analysis though color measuring instruments. The results from the spectrophotometer indicated that the color coordinate location of smartphone fabric color is similarly distributed regardless of the type of fabric. The Samsung smartphone displays a relatively high color chroma (especially on red-colored fabric) regardless of the type of fabric due to a high color reproduction range. In contrast, the LG smartphone, which has high color temperature, displays high color chroma on the blue colored fabric with a significant color mismatch between the actual fabric color and smartphone fabric color. From the results of this study, issues related to mobile shopping can be addressed through an analysis of the products sold, the smartphone’s color representation, and user understanding.

This research aims to the effect of a sexual signaling system for a mate attraction on luxury products purchase. Some research has examined priming of mating motives such as looking at pictures of attractive opposite-gender can increase males’ stated willingness to purchase luxury products. This research extends costly signal theory into promotional message or model. we suggest that men tend to purchase luxury products, exposed to ads with attractive women models rather than attractive men according to costly signaling. Likewise, women may tend to purchase luxury products, exposed to ads with attractive women according to intra-sexual competition theory. Three experiments are conducted to examine the hypotheses.

This study was accomplished to investigate the effects of the night temperatures on the dark respiration and fruit quality of ‘Heukgoosul’ grape at ripening time. The weight of cluster and berry increased significantly at 20oC than 30oC in night temperature. The length and diameter of berry harvested from the 20oC and 25°C treatments also increased significantly. But there were no differences in the cluster length and diameter as well as the number of berries per cluster. When the amount of CO2 uptake was examined, the dark respiration decreased at 20°C in comparison with 30°C. On the other hand, the anthocyanin content of fruits harvested from the 20°C treatment was higher 38.8 μg·cm-2 than that of 30°C 27.7 μg·cm-2. Hunter’s value such as L(brightness), a(red chromaticity) and b(yellow chromaticity) showed the significance between 20°C and 30°C treatments. Soluble solid content and acidity of berry fruits harvested from the 20°C treatment increased respectively by 3.4 °Brix and 1.6 times. With consideration of the main characteristics of fruit harvested at 30°C, the sugar-acid ratio 72.6% was lowered and the color chart showed the low value 7.1, therefore, the overall fruit quality was deteriorated. When the production yield rates of first harvest 23.6% and second harvest 44.7% were compared, the 20°C treatment could move up the harvest time earlier.