느타리버섯 푸른곰팡이병의 전염원의 서식처 확인 및 소독 제에 대해 선발하기위하여 시험을 수향하였다. 토양중의 병 원균의 밀도는 T-C(총탄소원)의 함량과 밀접한 관계를 가 지며, 토양수분, 산도등과는 관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 토양소독제 13개 약제중 Dazomet(밧사미드 분제) 1000배액처리구가 가잘 효율적인 살균효과를 보였다. 접종도구와 재배사 소독용 약제 선발에서 벤잘코늄액이 푸른곰팡이균에 대하여 다른 약제보다 높은 효과를 보였 으며, 대부분 250배액에서 높은 소독효과를 보였다. 소독약제로는 Dazomet(밧사미드 분제) 1000배액과 청 결성유지, 폐상퇴비의 소독, 우수한 배지제조 방법 등을 통 한 종합적인 방제법이 효과적이었다.

목적：이 연구는 노인전문병원에 입원한 환자들의 일상생활활동과 관련된 요인을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법：연구대상은 전국 8개 노인전문병원에 입원한 환자 1,001명을 대상으로 하였다. 일상생활활동능력 및 그와 관련된 요인은 RAI(resident assessment instrument) Long-Term Care Facility version 한글판을 사용하여 조사하였다. 조사기간은 2003년 1월 26일에서 3월 8일까지였다. 결과：노인전문병원에 입원한 환자들의 79.9%가 신경계 질환을 갖고 있었다. 일상생활활동과 관련된 요인은 인지 기능, 수의운동, 균형능력, 시각기능 및 신경계 질환의 유무였고, R-square 값은 .66이었다. 결론：이 연구결과를 통해 노인전문병원에서 신경계 질환을 갖고 있는 환자가 가장 많이 입원하고 있었으며, 일상생활활동과 관련된 요인은 인지기능, 수의운동, 균형능력, 시각 기능임을 알 수 있었다. 그러므로 노인전문병원에서 신경계 질환을 대상으로 하는 재활치료 프로그램이 강화되어야 할 것이다. 그 중 작업치료는 다양한 신체기능 상태를 고려하여 일상생활활동 훈련을 시행하는 보건전문영역이므로 그 역할이 확대되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

Entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae GSN1 strain was evaluated for the environmentally sound control of Tebenna issikii (Lepidoptera: Choreutidae) in the laboratory. The corrected mortality of Tebenna issikii larvae was 100% at the 40 infective juveniles (Ijs)/larva 3 days after treatment with S. carpocapsae GSN1 strain in Petri dish. LC₅₀ value of S. carpocapsae GSN1 strain against Tebenna issikii was 5.7 Ijs. The mean penetration numbers of Ijs of S. carpocapsae GSN1 strain at the 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 Ijs/larva in a Tebenna issikii larva were 1.4, 1.4, 3.2, 5.6 and 11.9 Ijs/larva, respectively. However penetration rate of Ijs of S. carpocapsae GSN1 strain at 5 Ijs/larva was the highest among other nematode concentrations. Progeny of S. carpocapsae GSN1 strain in a Tebenna issikii larva was higher with increasing nematode concentration.

  This study is evaluation of shift-workers’ sleep and social life related to hospital workers’ performance and health. We researched shiftworkers’ sleep, sleeping quality and social relations using a questionnaire method to shiftworkplace scattered Daeje

느타리버섯 푸른곰팡이병의 전염원의 서식처 확인 및 소독제에 대해 선발하기위하여 시험을 수향하였다. 토양중의 병원균의 밀도는 T-C(총탄소원)의 함량과 밀접한 관계를 가지며, 토양수분, 산도등과는 관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 토양소독제 13개 약제중 Dazomet(밧사미드 분제) 1000배액처리구가 가잘 효율적인 살균효 과를 보였다. 접종도구와 재배사 소독용 약제 선발에서 벤잘코늄액이 푸른곰팡이균에 대하여 다른 약제 보다 높은 효과를 보였으며, 대부분 250배액에서 높은 소독효과를 보였다. 소독약제로는 Dazomet(밧사미드 분제) 1000배액과 청결성유지, 폐상퇴비의 소독, 우수한 배지제조 방법 등을 통한 종합적인 방제법이 효과적이었다.

Laboratory tests were conducted to determine the susceptibility of the alfalfa weevil, Hypera postica to Korean entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema carpocapsae GSN1 strain (ScG), S. glaseri Dongrae strain (SgD), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Hamyang strain (HbH), and Heterorhabditis sp. Gyeongsan strain (HeG) at the petri dish assay. The larval mortality of H. postica was significantly different depending on nematode species and treatment concentration. SgD and HeG strain were more effective against H. postica larva than ScG and HbH strain. When SgD and HeG strain were treated with the rate of ＞20 infective juveniles (ijs) per alfalfa weevil larva, mortality was ca. 77.5-100% at the late instars of H. postica in 3 days. The number of established nematode was significantly different depending on nematode species, whereas number of progeny was not significantly different. The mean number of established ijs of SgD strain in a host was the highest at 80 ijs by 30.2. The highest progeny number of HeG strain was 2,671.5 with 80 ijs. All nematode strains were not parasitic entirely to H. postica adults. These results show that alfalfa weevil late larva is highly susceptible to Korean entomopathogenic nematodes in the laboratory.

Methic illin - resistant StaphyJococcus aureus(MRSA) is not only a common cause of nosocomial infections worldwide but also leading to seri ous illnesses with high rates of mortali ty , This study was performed to determine resistance patterns and molecul ar biological ca racteri slics on MRSA isolated from clinical specimen, The purpose is to provide valua ble in formation related to t he purs uit 0 (' in('ec tion trace and infe<:tion control The test of susceptibility to 17 kinds antibiotics showed that these bacterias were susceptible to glycope ptides s uch as vancomycin, teicoplanin by 100%, rifarnpin by 65, 8%, They we re a lso 100% resistance to peni cillin , cefotaxim, gentamycin and aminoglycoside drugs , and showed 68, 56% multidrug res is ta nce to a bove 13 a ntibi oti cs incl uding peni cillin, 1n the analysis of MRSA using PCR, mecA was detected in every MRSA at 35 s t ra i ns a nd l'emA in 94 1%, ln a test , to de tect toxic genes, six genes, such as sea, seb(8, 6% res pectively)‘ sec(51, 4%) ‘ seg, se i(65 , 7% res pectively) and seh(2 , 9%) were found Finally , in resisrance chract eristics, toxic genes we re isola ted c1 ifferently acco rcling to specimen but there was no c1ifference res istance pattern ancl toxic genes The c1ata from t his s t ucly contribule to a more prec ise knowledge about the resistance pa ttern of MRSA in a clinical sett ing in k orea ancl regarcl exa mi na ti on of resis ta nce pattern accorcling to molecular biological methocl are expectecl to provide bas ic informa ti on on MRSA di ssemination and infection contro

1995년이후부터 재배되어온 큰느타리버섯은 배양중 오염율 증가, 발이상태불량, 기형버섯의 발생, 수량 격감 등 이른바 연작장해로 불리어지는 재배상 문제점들에 대한 원인파악과 해결책이 요구되어, 전국의 큰느타리버섯 주요 재배농가에서의 종균관리, 배지제조, 배양 및 생육관리 등 전반적인 재배실태와 연작장해 발생정도를 조사한 결과와 균배양, 버섯발생, 자실체 생육과정에서 발생된 병원균을 분리하여 동정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 가. 재배실태조사 결과 재배사 청결관리가 미흡하고 수확 후 재배사 세척 및 소독이 소홀하였다. 나. 발이유기시 습도가 90%이상, 환기는 소량 또는 억제하여 관리한 농가들에서 발이 유기부위에서 세균 및 곰팡이에 의한 오염과 기형버섯 발생 등으로 인해 수량이 낮았다. 다. 자실체 생육시 발이개체수가 과다하였고 환기 및 습도관리 미숙으로 자실체 갈변, 환기장해 등으로 자실체생육이 불량하였다. 라. 강제흡기-강제배기 방식보다 강제흡기-자연배기 방식이나 자연흡기-강제배기 방식의 농가가 많아 발이 유기시 많은 양의 환기를 필요로 하는 큰느타리버섯 재배에 부적합한 환기시스템을 갖추고 있었다. 마. 큰느타리버섯 재배농가에서 수집한 병원균은 총 28점으로 세균13점, 곰팡이15점이었고 채집부위별로는 배양병에서 8점, 발이유기부위에서 12점, 자실체에서 8점을 분리하였다. 바. 큰느타리버섯 재배시 문제가 되는 세균은 Pseudomonas sp. Erwinia sp 가 많았는데. 발이유기 배지표면 오염과 자실체 갈변 및 괴사와 관련된 병징을 유발하였고, 곰팡이는 대부분 Trichoderma sp. 이었으며 주로 배양병 및 발이유기부위에서 발병하였다.

Bacillus thuringiensis strains were isolated from the domestic soil and a strain was selected that had a new host range and high toxicity against agriculture insect pest. The 142 samples of soil were sampled from the mountains, paddy fields and patches, in Daejon, Chungnam, Chungbuk and Jeonbuk and used for the investigation. Sixteen B. t strains were isolated from 12 samples among collected samples. There were 11 strains that showed toxical activity on Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae), 7 strains on Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), 5 strains on Arcte coerulea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), 5 strains on Culex pipiens pallens (Diptera: Culicidae) among the 16 isolated B. t strains. But there were not any strains that showed activity against Hyphanria cunea (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) and Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Rhynchophoridae). And also some of B. thuringiensis strains showed insecticidal activity with 2, 3 or 4 kinds of insects. But there were also 3 strains that did not show any activities to the 6 insects which were used in the experiment. When examined with a phase-contrast microscope, the insecticidal crystal protein produced from 16 selected strains had 13 bipyramidal and 3 spherical shapes. The insecticidal bioactivity of the S. litura showed 100% mortality when there were 1.3×10⁷ (cfu/㎖) of CAB109 isolates.

  Nowadays, many people are deeply interested in health and well-being. Ministry of Health and Welfare showed the results of evaluation of medical service of seventy eight general hospitals in 2005. The number of its medical service variables was eighteen

Five strains of Korean entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN), steinernematids and heter-orhabditids were evaluated and tried in laboratory, pot, and vegetable greenhouses for environmentally friendly control of diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, from 2002 to 2005. LC₅₀ values of five EPN strains against DBM were different depending on nematode strain and DBM instar. LC₅₀ value of Steinernema carpocapsae GSN1 (GSN1) was the lowest representing 2.6~3.9 infective juveniles (Ijs, 3rd stage) to 2nd to 4th instars of DBM. Pathogenicity of five effective strains against DBM was different depending on nematode strain, concentration, application times, and vegetable in pot. The most effective nematode was GSN1. Steinernema spp. was more effective than Heterorhabditis spp. against DBM. Two or three times of applications of EPN were effective regardless of nematode strain and concentration in pot. Efficacy of EPN was different depending on vegetable species. Efficacy was higher on Chinese cabbage, red mustard, and Ssamchoo than that on cabbage, kale, and leaf broccoli. Efficacy of GSN1, Steinernema GSNUS-10, Steinernema GSNUS-14, and Heterorhabditis GSNUH-l was variable depending on nematode strain, concentration, application times, and vegetable in greenhouse experiments. GSN1 was the most effective and 100,000 infective juveniles per ㎡ (=1 × 10⁹ Ijs/ha) resulted in higher efficacy. Three times of application of nematodes led to higher control efficacy than one or two applications. Efficacy of nematodes was higher on Chinese cabbage than cabbage or kale in greenhouse.