간행물
한국응용곤충학회지 KCI 등재 Korean Journal of Applied Entomology
- 발행기관 한국응용곤충학회
- 자료유형 학술지
- 간기 계간
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Vol. 46 No. 1 (2007년 3월) 19건
1.
2007.03
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
To construct a life table and development model Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), its adult longevity and fecundity were studied at various constant temperatures ranging from 15 to 32.5℃, with 65±5% RH, and a photoperiod of 16L:8D. Adult longevity of the greenbug gradually increased with decreasing temperature below 32.5℃. Total fecundity was not significantly different at all temperatures except at 32.5℃. Daily fecundity gradually increased from 25.0℃. It was 3.6 at 27.5℃ and as temperatures either went down or up, it decreased to 1.4 at 15.0℃ and 0.4 at 32.5℃. Net reproduction rate (Ro) was highest with 47.6 at 25.0℃. The intrinsic rate of increase per day (r<SUB>m</SUB>) and the finite rate of increase per day (λ) were highest with 0.4 and 1.5 at 30.0℃, respectively and the doubling time (Dt) was shortest with 0.98 at 32.5℃. The mean generation time (T) was 8.41 at 30.0℃.
4,000원
2.
2007.03
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Experiments have been performed to investigate biological characteristics of Diglyphus isaea (Walker), an ectoparasite of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess). At 25℃, development time of D. isaea was estimated as 1.3 days for eggs, 4.5 days for larvae and 6.3 days for pupae. Adult longevity was 25.1 days, and a female adult could lay 305.3 eggs throughout its lifetime. Number of L. trifolii parasitized or killed by the wasp was 962.2 individuals/adult. Most of all parasitized or killed larvae were identified as third instar. With 20% honeyed water as food source, half of the adults could survive 180 days at 5℃, 150 days at 10℃, and 90 days at 15℃. After storing at 10℃ with absolute honey for 30 days, 70 days and 140 days, a female adult in room temperature laid eggs 190.8 individuals, 104.0 individuals and 89.4 individuals, respectively.
4,000원
3.
2007.03
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
The two species of rice bugs causing pecky rice, Cletus punctiger and Cletus schmidti are often observed coexisting in the rice fields of nearby fallow land. Direct feeding damage to rice by C. punctiger and C. schmidti can lead to a reduction in grain quality and quantity. These studies were carried out to investigate the development of C. punctiger and C. schmidti at various constant temperatures ranging from 20 to 30℃, 65% RH, and a photoperiod of 16L:8D. Egg hatchability of C. punctiger/C. schmidti at the temperatures of 20, 25 and 30℃ were 80.6/88.0, 91.7/96.3, 96.4/96.2 %, respectively. The development periods of eggs of C. punctiger/C. schmidti at the temperatures of 20, 25, and 30℃ were 16.4/18.4, 9.4/10.2 and 6.4/7.3 days, respectively. Mean developmental periods of lst, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th nymphs of C. punctiger/C. schmidti at 30℃ were 2.1/2.0, 3.5/4.0, 3.3/5.6, 3.2/4.8 and 5.8/6.9 days, respectively. Oviposition began 8.1 days after emergence at 25℃, and the longevity of female and male were 120.0 and 117.3 days, respectively. Total number of eggs through the life of female were 245.5 laying 2.2 eggs a day in average at 25℃. The development periods of egg and nymphs of C. punctiger were relatively shorter than those of C. schmidti. Availability of male had affected the egg hatchability greatly that laid at 30th day after 60 days period of oviposition in the presence of adult male of C. punctiger. The fertile eggs laid by the female together with male was 92.1% but those without male was only 9.6%.
4,000원
4.
2007.03
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Reproductive incompatibility is an important factor to select a specific biological control agent for successful augmentation of the corresponding endogenous population. An endoparasitoid, Cotesia plutellae (Kurdjumov), is an effective control agent to diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) and has been known to be classified into two groups in terms of reproductive incompatibility. This study analyzed an Korean population of C. plutellae in terms of morphological characters and mitochondrial DNA marker, which did not match with either of two reproductive incompatibility groups. These results suggest that a Korean population of C. plutellae can be involved in a novel reproductive group. For any augmentation program of C. plutellae in Korea, reproductive incompatibility should be seriously considered to select a particular exotic population.
4,000원
5.
2007.03
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
This study was conducted to examine the problems that would arise in our cropping systems when introducing Gain Threshold (GT) which is an important element in determining Economic Injury Level (EIL). Gain Threshold (GT) can be defined as the amount of damage (= yield loss) to justify management, and calculated by dividing the management costs by the market crop price. GTs for some pests in rice, soybean, and greenhouse vegetable crops cultivation were estimated and also compared with those in foreign countries. GTs and percentage of yield loss equivalent to them were estimated to be 4.6-6.1 ㎏/10a/season and 1.0-1.3% for brown planthopper, white-backed planthopper, rice water weevil, and sheath blight, whereas for rice blast in rice cultivation were 12.7 ㎏/10a/season and 2.7%. In soybean cultivation, the values for bean bug were 6.2 ㎏/10a/season and 3.6%. GTs and percentage of yield loss estimated for melon thrips, whitefly, and downy mildew in cucumber cultivation were 10.0-12.6 ㎏/10a/week, 1.4-1.7%, and the values for two spotted mite and gray mildew in strawberry cultivation were 3.1-3.5 ㎏/10a/week, 1.3-1.5%, and the values for American leaf minor, whitefly, and gray mold in tomato were 8.4-9.7 ㎏/10a/week, 1.7-1.9%. Overall GTs in our cropping systems were so low compared to those in foreign countries, which meant that the low GTs might yield the low EILs. Therefore, we could suggest that prior to direct introduction of GTs calculated from current cultivation systems in developing EILs it is necessary to seriously consider reasonable values of GTs or the yield loss equivalents to them.
4,000원
6.
2007.03
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Biological control of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) using Diglyphus isaea (Walker) has been evaluated in tomato greenhouse, for three seasonal culture types: spring type (March-July), summer type (June-October) and autumn type (July-December). For spring type, totally 5.8 individuals/㎡ of D. isaea has been released at six times from late April, when the density of L. trifolii was about 1.0 individuals/plant. Corrected mortality of Liriomyza trifolii caused by parasitoids was 97.6% at early July, and the proportion of D. isaea was 88.9% of all parasitoids collected in the greenhouse. In the case of summer type, totally 1.8 individuals/㎡ of D. isaea has been released at five times from early July, when the density of L. trifolii was about 0.4 individuals/plant. Corrected mortality of L. trifolii caused by parasitoids was 84.4% during the whole season, but the proportion of D. isaea was very low (only 13.8%). Immigrating parasitoids such as Chrysocharis penthus were synchronized to control the leafminer in the greenhouse. For autumn type, totally 2.7 individuals/㎡ of D. isaea has been released at four times from mid September, when the density of L. trifolii was about 0.7 individuals/plant. Corrected mortality of L. trifolii caused by parasitoids was 85.7% at mid December, and the proportion of the D. isaea was 83.4%.
4,000원
7.
2007.03
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
From the surveys of 2005 and 2006 in Korea, Trissolcus nigripedius was found in four locations, i.e., Andong, Miryang, Namhae, and Suwon, and one of the major egg parasitoids of Dolycoris baccarum. T nigripedius was also found to parasitize two other soybean bugs, Riptortus clavatus and Piezodorus hybneri, from the field collection in 2005. Host acceptance behaviors of T. nigripedius consisting of drumming, oviposition, and marking were observed and compared on five species of soybean bugs. T. nigripedius showed the complete host acceptance behaviors on the eggs of D. baccarum, P. hybneri, and Halyomorpha halys. But T. nigripedius emerged only from the eggs of D. baccarum (96%) and P. hybneri (75%) after 24 hours of exposure. T. nigripedius did not mark on the eggs of R. clavatus and Nezara antennata during the observation of behavior, hence no egg deposition was made. However, T. nigripedius parasitized 20% and killed 30% of the eggs of R. clavatus when 24 hours were given for parasitization. T. nigripedius would be a potential biological control agent of D. baccarum and P. hybneri with ability of giving additional mortality on R. clavatus in soybean field.
4,000원
8.
2007.03
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Many kinds of environment friendly agricultural materials were used for the insect pest control and the control of plant diseases, furthermore they support the growth of crops in the greenhouses and the kindly environment friendly farming. Phytoseiulus persimilis might be used for control of two-spotted mites with environment friendly agricultural materials at the same time. For testing the toxicity of environment friendly agricultural materials against to P. persimilis, 61 environment friendly agricultural materials were selected by material contents and using methods. When environment friendly agricultural materials were directly sprayed on P. persimilis, IEFAM C, FEFAM A, EFAMSM A, D, EFAMPE A, EFAMCh B, EFAMME A, and EFAMMo C killed over 90%. However, there was no effects to FEFAM C, D, EFAMSM C, EFAML A, EFAMME C, E, H, J, EFAMMo G and I against P. persimilis. P. persimilis adults were not survived in vial for 48 hours after sprayed and dried with the environment friendly agricultural materials, for examples, EFAMSM I, EFAMME A, EFAMMo A, C, and I. Otherwise, EFAMCh C and EFAMMo B were no effects to P. persimilis. Some environment friendly agricultural materials are of different qualities, and consequently test of their toxity have to necessary.
4,000원
9.
2007.03
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
The multicolored Asian ladybird beetle (Harmonia axyridis) has been commonly used with biological control agents for control of several kinds of aphids in agroecosystems. Also, environment friendly agricultural materials have been commonly applied in crop fields because the government held down pesticide application and environment friendly agricultures are gradually increased with consumer"s desires. The multicolored Asian ladybird beetles may be directly or indirectly under the influence of environment friendly agricultural materials in crop fields. The insecticidal environment friendly agricultural materials (IEFAMs) might be safe against each developmental stage of multicolored Asian ladybird beetle. Fungicidal environment friendly agricultural materials (FEFAMs) had a miner effect to each developmental stage of multicolored Asian ladybird beetle with the exception of FEFAM A. Environment friendly agricultural materials contained useful soil microorganisms (EFAMSMs) C and H might be down the hatching rate of eggs, and EFAMSM A and F had a killing effect to 1st instar of lady beetles. Environment friendly agricultural materials contained plant extracts (EFAMPEs) A and D might be suffered effect a deathblow of egg hatching with lady beetles. Otherwise, there was a miner effect to lady beetles with the rest of tested environment friendly agricultural materials.
4,200원
10.
2007.03
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
This study was carried out to determine occurrence and damage of golden apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata on water seeding area in Jeonnam province. The density of golden apple snail maintained high until October 2003, but quickly decreased from November. They overwintered only in a portion of the water canals but could not find in dried paddy field. They reproduced from May and June in the canal water and paddy field, respectively. Feeding time of golden apple snail on rice seedlings was 235.2 seconds, feeding length of that was 8.4 ㎝. When golden apple snail fed rice seedlings, the stem remain only 2.5 ㎝ from areal part which could not recover. The more density of golden apple snail, the faster feeding rate. Density and number of eggs laid of golden apple snail after overwintering was higher on bank around of paddy field than on middle of that. The percent of shell size after over wintering was higher in small (below 25 ㎜) than big (over 36 ㎜). But in case of Boseong area, the size was reverse because the soil has soft mud. The survival rate of overwintering golden apple snail was lower than that of breeding. They did not move when the temperature changed rapidly, but the temperature increased they start to move. They dead almost below -3℃. The damage of rice by golden apple snail in the direct water seeding was 20%. In machine transplanting, rice damaged only fore-end of leaf and recovered subsequently. When golden apple snail release in direct water seeding field, the percent of damage was 5.6% in immediately release plot. The later release, the lower damage.
4,000원
11.
2007.03
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
This study was investigated the potential of ducks and fish trap for the control of golden apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata, in paddy field and water canals. The smaller size of duck (700 g) preyed snails than the bigger one (1,300 g). The consumption of two ducks was bigger under plastic house. They preyed over 90% on the second days of release. The release time of ducks was more effective at seven days after inoculation of snails than simultaneous. Duck could suppress the density of snails at any time from month after inoculation. Four ducks per 30 ㎡ could control snails in an irrigation canals. The number of attracted golden apple snail per week was 216 in big fish trap (Φ 15 ㎝) with menthol paste which for a carp.
4,000원
12.
2007.03
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
An artificial insemination instrument of bumblebee queens was firstly developed. This instrument consists of location tube, transfer tube, holding tube, head product, and probe apparatus for reproductive tract etc. This instrument was designed to minimize stress and damage of reproductive tract of bumblebee queens. The regulator handle apparatus in artificial insemination instrument was used the principle of lever, that manipulates easy, accurate and rapid insemination of bumblebee queens. By using this instrument, the insemination rate was over 90%. This instrument will be useful for the breeding and conservation of excellent character of bumblebees.
4,000원
13.
2007.03
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
From the course of screening of useful enzyme producing microorganism from insect guts, we isolated 9 lipase producing strains and their lipase producing activities were tested. 16S rDNA sequence analysis showed that they were Gram negative bacteria grouped on Serratia sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Burkholderia sp.. Among them, an excellent lipase producing strain, Burkholderia sp. HY-10 identified by 16S rDNA analysis and biochemical methods, was further studied its lipase producing characteristics. It was isolated from a longcorm beetle, Prionus insularis and showed cell density dependent lipase producing activity in the culture media that contained olive oil as a carbon source. Maximum lipase production was achieved in the M9 media containing 0.5% yeast extract and 0.5% olive oil when cultured at 30℃ for 36-42 hrs.
4,000원
14.
2007.03
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Maggot therapy (MT) has been re-introduced for non-healing wounds such as pressure sore, diabetic and necrotic ulcers, as well as infected surgical wounds, burn, and trauma injuries since early 1990s. For the production of sterile maggot of proper developmental stage, Lucilia sericata were studied on developmental periods of immature stages on liver agar medium under six different temperatures such as 15.4, 20.6, 22.5, 26.2, 29.1, and 33.0℃, and adult longevity and egg production under 29℃. The periods of eggs and larvae of the I st and the 2nd instars were shortest at 33℃ by 9.0, 14.0 and 18.6 hours, respectively. The periods of the 3rd instar larvae and pupae were shortest at 29.1℃ by 285.0 and 171.0 hours, respectively. Developmental zero point and total effective temperature for the development of each stage were calculated based on the developmental periods. Adults of both female and male lived more than one month. Females laid an average of 338.5 eggs through 2.7 times of egg laying throughout her lifetime.
4,000원
15.
2007.03
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Laboratory tests were conducted to determine the susceptibility of the alfalfa weevil, Hypera postica to Korean entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema carpocapsae GSN1 strain (ScG), S. glaseri Dongrae strain (SgD), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Hamyang strain (HbH), and Heterorhabditis sp. Gyeongsan strain (HeG) at the petri dish assay. The larval mortality of H. postica was significantly different depending on nematode species and treatment concentration. SgD and HeG strain were more effective against H. postica larva than ScG and HbH strain. When SgD and HeG strain were treated with the rate of ＞20 infective juveniles (ijs) per alfalfa weevil larva, mortality was ca. 77.5-100% at the late instars of H. postica in 3 days. The number of established nematode was significantly different depending on nematode species, whereas number of progeny was not significantly different. The mean number of established ijs of SgD strain in a host was the highest at 80 ijs by 30.2. The highest progeny number of HeG strain was 2,671.5 with 80 ijs. All nematode strains were not parasitic entirely to H. postica adults. These results show that alfalfa weevil late larva is highly susceptible to Korean entomopathogenic nematodes in the laboratory.
4,000원
16.
2007.03
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
This study was conducted to develope the observing methods for density of stink bugs in soybean reproductive stage. The adults and nymphs of bean bug, Riptortus clavatus, red-banded shield bug, Piezodorus hybneri, green stink bug, Nezara antennata, Sole bug, Dolycoris baccarum, and brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys were observed by three observing methods such as beating, sweeping net, and visual counting methods in the full bloom (R2), full pod (R4) and beginning maturity (R7) of soybean. As a result, total number of stink bugs observed was the highest with 5,214.2 by beating method, and then was 2,581.8 by visual counting method, and was the lowest with 103.1 by sweeping net method. Total number of stink bugs observed by the beating and visual counting methods was P. hybneri, followed by N. antennata, H. halys, R. clavatus and D. baccarum with clear difference in observed number of each stink bugs while total number of stink bugs observed by sweeping net method was very low in the range of 18 to 23. Accordingly, the observed density of stink bugs exception of R. clavatus adult by beating method was generally high. However, the number of R. clavatus adult was more observed by flushing method than that by beating method from the beginning bloom (R1) to full maturity (R8), and was more observed at morning time than that at afternoon time. Therefore, two observation methods that flushing method for R. clavatus and beating method for the other stink bugs were recommended for the occurring density of stink bugs in soybean because both bean bug and pentatomidae stink bugs have distinct behavior characteristics such as flying and dropping.
4,000원
17.
2007.03
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Pea weevil was easily observed in the flower and pod of garden pea, but not observed in soybean at various locations in Yeongnam district through 2001 to 2003. Number of pea weevil observed in pea flower was the highest at Milyang (20), followed by Yangsan (15), Sacheon (14) and Changnyong (13), and was the lowest at Pohang (3). On the other hand, number of pea weevil observed in pea pod was the highest at Tongyeong (192), followed by Changnyong (171), Sacheon (157) and Changwon (138), and was the lowest at Pohang (12) which showed similar tendency with the result of pea flower. Number of pea weevil occurrence observed in pea pod after one and two times applications of insecticides in pea field were different at harvest day of 30th May while were not significantly different at harvest day of 5th June. Likewise, number of pea pod damage after one and two times applications of insecticides were different at harvest day of 30th May while was not different at harvest day of 5th June. Thus, control efficacies of insecticides according to application times against pea weevil showed very high with above 95% at harvest day of 6th June while showed variable control efficacies at harvest of 30th May.
4,000원
18.
2007.03
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
This experiment was conducted to investigate population dynamics of white grubs and its damages in sweet potato fields. There were three species of white grubs that fed on the roots of sweet potato in Honam area. Among them, Holotrichia parallela was a major insect pest. Damage rate of sweet potato by white grubs were about 2 to 40% differed with regions. In some region where it was severe the damage rate of sweet potato was about 80% or more. H. parallela overwintered as a late 3rd instar larvae in soil from late October to late-June, and the survival rate of them was 92%. The occurrence pattern of H. parallela larvae varied in different seasons. In sweet potato field, H. parallela larvae populations started being observed during late-July to mid.-August. The damage by the grub began to occur late-August in field and lasted to the harvest time.
3,000원
19.
2007.03
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Root-knot nematode damage was found on yam, Dioscorea bulbifera in Andong Korea. From the root-knots, female nematodes were isolated and subjected to DNA sequence analysis. Sequence of cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅱ (COII) was analyzed from the genomic DNA of the isolate. COII locus size and sequence of the nematode isolate were similar to those of Meloidogyne javanica or M. incognita. However, an analysis of HinfⅠ restriction site, a species-specific character between these two species, showed that the isolate did not match to either M. javanica or M. incognita.
4,000원
