The goal of the present study is to examine EFL English teachers' intercultural communicative competence (ICC) and its relation to their English language proficiency (LP). Data was collected from 81 in-service and pre-service Korean English teachers (N=81) who participated in an one-month overseas training program in the U.S.A. The participants were asked to diagnose their own levels of ICC and LP through the questionnaires whose reliability and validity were confirmed by the factor analysis. The major findings from analyses were as follows: 1) in general, participants appeared to consider themselves possessing a high level of ICC, showing an average score of 3.99 out of 5.0 on the ICC questions, 2) participants' willingness and readiness to engage in different cultures/speakers were found to be in a higher level than the other four factors of ICC, such as an ability to interact in intercultural situations, an ability to identify an importance of ICC, a degree of acceptance by other cultures/speakers, and a degree of contribution to mediating intercultural situations, and 3) chi-square, correlational, and regression analyses showed significant associations between ICC and LP of the participants. Pedagogical implications and suggestions are discussed.

The purpose of this study is to examine phenomena of teaching writing in Korean as a foreign or a second language, and to propose contents and methods for improving teachers’ ability of teaching writing. I presented 3 reasons that mainly cause the difficulty in teaching writing for nonnative speakers of Korean. Among the reasons, teachers’ lack of confidence and insufficiency of expertise in teaching writing is the most important one which we have to compensate in terms of improving teachers’ ability. First, in chapter Ⅱ, I analyzed the trend of teaching writing in Korean as an L2, and examined the characteristics of teacher training for teachers-to-be in Korean language education. Next, in chapter Ⅲ, I defined the concept of ‘ability of teaching writing’, and summarized the categories of the ability. Finally, in chapter Ⅳ, I suggested the contents and methods for improving teachers’ ability of teaching writing with regard to teachers’ expertise. Specially, I focused not only on the pedagogic content knowledge (PCK), but also on the content knowledge (CK). In this paper, I explored teacher education which is considered as one of the most important area for better teaching Korean as an L2. However, this paper remains only as a pioneer attempt at teacher education research for the area is not fully discussed yet.

This study was designed to know the possibility in repeat uses of elite donor cows for getting mass production of OPU-derived embryo production (OPU-IVP). Ultrasound transvaginal ovum pick-up (OPU) performed in 6 Korean native cows was aged 4 to 10 years old. The aspiration of immature oocytes for OPU derived embryo was carried out 2 times per week, and OPU-IVP of 1st period was carried out 22∼48 sessions from each donors. And the break time for OPU-IVP of 2nd period after 1st OPU from each donors were 2∼25 months. The OPU-IVP of 2nd period each donors conducted total 15∼65 times for 2∼8 months by an ultrasonographic, was guided follicular aspiration system. The average numbers of collected oocytes, grade 1 + grade 2(G1+G2) oocytes and cleavage embryo from 1st period OPU-IVP were significantly differences between donors (p<0.05). Total collected oocytes of donor D were significantly higher compared with donors of A, B, C, E and F (average 17.0 per session vs. 11.2, 10.1, 8.5, 10.2 and 9.6; p<0.05) and also oocytes of G1+G2 were significantly higher compared with r A and D and subsequently to donors of B, C, E and F (average 7.9 and 8.5 per session vs. 5.0, 2.7, 6.0 and 1.6; p<0.05). Cleavage rate of donor D was significantly higher compared with donors of A, B, C, E and F (average 13.1 per session vs. 10.1, 9.1, 6.9, 8.9 and 6.7; p<0.05). The average numbers of OPU-IVP for 1st period was significantly higher from donors of B, D and E than those from donors of A, C and F (average 6.5, 7.1 and 6.5 per session vs. 3.5, 4.2 and 2.8; p<0.05). The possibility investigation of 2nd OPU-IVP was carried out after 2∼25 months rest periods from 1st period OPU session. Total average numbers of collected oocytes, cleavages and blastocyst development rates were significantly higher from 1st period OPU compared with 2nd period one (p<0.05). The OPU-IVP efficiency by break for more embryo production from elite cow was analysis comparing without rest of donor A, under 6 months rest period as B and over 6 months rest period as C and then the average numbers of collected oocytes, cleavages and blastocysts were significantly higher from A group (11.8, 9.5 and 5.2 per session) than those from B and C groups (7.9, 6.2 and 2.6 vs. 9.2, 7.5 and 3.9, p<0.05), and also C group was significantly higher than B group. In conclusion, 1st period OPU-IVP was more efficient compared with 2nd period repeated uses of donor, and the break times for additional production of embryo on donor were needed more than over 6 months after 1st period OPU-IVP. This repeating uses of elite donor cows given more emphasis for getting the opportunity on mass production of elite cow OPU-IVP embryo should be increased G1+G2 possibility of genetic improvement of livestock within short period.

목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 경남 지역 전 학령기 아동의 시지각 능력에 대한 기초 자료를 제공하고 표준화 연구의 필요성을 제시하는 것이다. 연구방법 : 2013년 9월 27일부터 2014년 2월 28일까지 김해 소재의 C도서관과 창원 소재의 B도서관과 J 도서관에서 만 4세~6세 아동 60명(남아 30명, 여아 30명)을 대상으로 Motor Free Visual Perception Test-3 (MVPT-3)를 사용하여 아동의 시지각 능력을 평가 분석하였다. 결과 : 연령별 시지각 능력의 평균과 표준편차는 4세가 23.0±2.18, 5세가 25.4±3.02, 6세가 31.2± 3.46이었으며, 아동의 시지각 능력에 있어 연령 간 유의한 차이가 있었고(p=.000), 성별과 주거 지역 간 에는 각각 유의한 차이가 없었다(p=.580, p=.205). 교정연령과 시지각 연령 간에는 유의한 상관관계를 보였고(r=.783, p=.000), 원점수, 표준점수, 시지각 연령은 모든 연령의 아동에서 평가도구 개발대상인 미국 아동에 비해 높게 나타났다. 결론 : 본 연구의 전 학령기 아동은 같은 연령의 평가도구 개발 대상인 미국 아동에 비해 시지각 능력이 높게 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 MVPT-3을 사용한 평가와 해석 시 아동의 시지각 능력을 해석하기 위한 기초 자료로 사용될 수 있을 것이다. 또한 앞으로 아동의 객관적인 시지각 평가와 보다 명확하고 의미있는 MVPT-3의 해석을 위해 우리나라 아동을 대상으로 한 표준화 연구가 필요하다.

본 연구는 서울시 K구 D중학교 상담실에서 학교부적응 청 소년과 개별미술치료 12회기를 실시하고 그 결과를 분석하여 미술치료가 학교부적응 청소년의 자아존중 감 및 문제해결 대 처능력에 미치는 영향을 살펴보는데 목적이 있다. 연구문제는 다음과 같다. 첫째. 미술치료를 통하여 학교부적응 청소년의 자아존중감이 향상 되었는가? 둘째, 미술치료를 통하여 학교 부적응 청소년의 문제해결 대처능력이 향상 되었는가? 연구기간은 2012년 9월부터 12월까지로 매회기 1시간30분 씩 매주 1회 총 12회기 에 걸쳐 미술치료 프로그램을 진행하 였다. 미술치료 프로그램의 효과측정을 위해 Coopersmith (1987)와 Pope, Mchale과 Chaighead(1988)등의 문항을 최보 가와 전귀연(1993)이 재구성하여 만든 자아존중감 척도를 권 영미(1999)가 수정, 보완한 자아존중감 척도와 Caver등 (1989)이 개발한 다차원 척도인 COPE를 연구목적에 맞게 일 부 수정한 청소년 문제해결 대처기제 척도를 사용하였으며, KHTP. KFD. KSD 그림 투사를 사전사후 진행하여 대상자의 행동변화를 비교분석하였다. 본 연구결과를 종합해보면, 미술 치료를 통해 학교부적응 청소년의 자아존중감이 향상되었으 며, 문제해결 대처능력이 증진되었음을 볼 수 있다. 그러므로 미술치료가 학교부적응 청소년의 자아존중감 및 문제해결능력 증진에 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

The present study is aimed at examining in multilateral ways the structural relationship among technological orientation, market orientation and product development performance of manufacturing companies, which are deemed to be key factors for them to increase absorptive capacities. From the study, it was revealed that: First, in terms of the relationship between market orientation and absorptive capacities, it was made clear by the analysis that the market orientation sought after by manufacturing companies has influence upon their absorptive capacities. Second, with regard to the relationship between technological orientation and absorptive capacities of manufacturing companies, the analysis found that the technological orientation pursued by them affects their absorptive capacities. Third, as for the relationship between absorptive capacities and product development performance, the analysis made it clear that the absorptive capacities of manufacturing companies exerts influence upon their product development performance. Fourth, in respect to the relationship between market orientation and product development performance, it was concluded from the analysis that market orientation produces effect upon product development performances like technological innovation and acquisition of new technologies needed for product development. Finally, regarding the relationship between technological orientation and product development performance of manufacturing companies, it became obvious from the analysis that the technological orientation affects the product development performance.

This study is improved manufacturing industry human resource analysis use to developed the national competency standards(NCS). After we finds human factor problems, improve human resource analysis about manufacturing industry.

It developed 836 units on the classification of KECO. But. Actual companies do not take advantage of improvements in job competency and production processes. This study is improved manufacturing industry production process use to developed the national competency standards(NCS). After we finds process problems, develop production process improvement method.

NCS(National Competency Standards) is made by HRDKorea for real company, education, training and qualifications under the current government of national issues. It developed 836 units on the classification of KECO. But. Actual companies do not take advantage of improvements in job competency and production processes. This study is redesigned a real company production process use to some developed the NCS standards. After we finds some process problems and then searches the improve methods on analysis the problems.

This study investigated how Korean EFL students’ self-directed English learning abilities, learning strategy use, and the relationship between the two constructs change as they advance to upper level schools. Data were collected from 447 elementary, middle, and high school students in Seocho-gu, Seoul, using Self-Directed Language Learning Readiness (SDDLR) and a revised version of Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL). The results showed that elementary school students’ SDDLR and SILL scores were significantly higher than those of middle and high school students, with no significant difference between the two groups. Among the learner factors, interest toward English study was the only factor which affected all the three groups’ SDDLR as well as SILL scores. The influence of study-abroad experience and starting age of private education was limited to the elementary school student group, indicating their short-lived effects on self-directed learning and strategy use. Lastly, there was a high or moderately high positive correlation between SDDLR and SILL in all the three groups. However, the specific relationship among subcategories of the two constructs was complicated and different among the three groups.

As S. Korea is becoming an “aged society”, workers in the country would be exposed to higher risk of workplace injuries due to their reducing work abilities as they are getting old. To identify the relationship between the work ability and the incident rate of workplace injuries, the work ability index (WAI) scores were surveyed from 409 workers occupied in different manufacturing industries reside on north GyoengBuk area. The workplace injury statistics in the year of 2010 for the corresponding industries were analyzed and summarized with the WAI scores by age groups, years of service, and sizes of business. The results showed the WAI scores of the workers occupied in the higher risk of workplace injury was lower than that of the workers of the lower risk. It means the lower the WAI score, the higher the chance of being injured during the task. It is concluded that appropriate correlation exists between the WAI scores of workers and the incident rate of workplace injury. It is recommended to administrate individual work abilities of aged workers in order to keep low rate of workplace injuries in upcoming aged and highly aged society.

Lee Hyun-hee and Park Chul-woo. 2013. The correlation between adult literacy and their vocabularies. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 21(3). The subject of literacy is no longer new, as it is clear that understanding various types of text is essential for daily life. However, it is also true that once adults have completed their formal school education, they are typically not provided with formal opportunities to improve literacy or vocabulary skills. In the context of lifelong learning, this reality opens the need for an exploration of the relationship between adult literacy and vocabulary. This paper discusses the findings from an experiment on adult literacy. Subjects were divided into two groups: Group A consisted of fifty adults over the age of fifty, and Group B consisted of fifty undergraduate students. The main results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, it was found that Group A overestimated their own literacy and vocabulary abilities, while Group B underestimated these skills. Secondly, in terms of the four language skills of speaking, listening, reading, and writing, Group A reported relative ease of use of these language functions. In comparison, Group B responded that they sometimes experienced difficulties in reading and writing. However, on test items pertaining to lexemes, synonyms, content, and genre, the percentage of correct answers from Group A was lower than that of Group B. As a result of this experiment, we can conclude that the actual literacy of Group A was lower than that reported in their self-evaluations. Based on this finding, we suggest the necessity of literacy and vocabulary education for adults. (245 words)

본 연구에서는 지역별 해상 기름회수능력을 설정할 목적으로 7개 항목에 대한 지역별 현황을 조사·분석하여 정규화한 결과와 계층분석과정을 이용하여 도출한 가중치를 바탕으로 권역내 각 지역별 위험도를 산출하였다. 산출된 위험도를 바탕으로 권역내 확보해야 하는 해상 기름회수능력인 7,500㎘를 해당 지역의 위험도에 따라 해상 기름회수능력을 결정하여 지역별 적정 해상 기름회수능력을 제시하였다. 현행 해상 기름회수능력이 과하게 설정된 인천, 군산, 목포, 부산지역의 기름회수능력이 권역내 다른 지역으로 분산·배치되는 결과를 보였으며, 권역 중심지역의 경우 대산 1,475㎘, 여수 375㎘, 울산 475㎘ 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 해양사고의 원인적인 측면뿐만 아니라 환경·경제적인 측면까지 고려하여 제시된 지역별 해상기름회수능력 설정치는 현행 기준에 의한 설정치보다 균형적인 배치분포를 보이는 것으로 나타났다.

목적 : 우리나라 학령전기 아동을 대상으로 감각통합실행검사(Sensory Integration and Praxis Tests; SIPT)의 실행과 관련된 항목들을 사용하여 실행능력평가의 표준화를 위한 선행연구로서 기초자료를 제공하는 것이다. 연구방법 : 2011년 10월 21일부터 10월 29일까지 B시 소재의 00유치원에 재원중인 만 5세 10개월~6세 10개월 아동 총 50명(남 27명, 여 23명)을 대상으로 하였다. 감각통합실행검사(Sensory Integration and Praxis Tests; SIPT) 항목 중 실행과 관련된 자세실행(Postural Praxis; PPr), 구두지시에 따른 실행(Praxis on Verbal Command; PrVC), 순서실 행(Sequencing Praxis; SPr), 구강실행(Oral Praxis; OPr)항목을 사용하여 대상자를 평가하였다. 기술통계분석을 사용 하여 실행능력의 평균값, 표준편차, 최대값, 최소값을 제시하였고, t검정을 사용하여 성별에 따른 실행능력의 차이를 비교하였다. 결과 : 평가 항목별 실행능력의 평균값과 표준편차는 PPr가 25.72±4.35, PrVC가 15.62±4.35, SPr가 84.52±13.09, OPr가 31.36±6.01 있었다. 아동의 실행능력에 있어서 성별 간에 통계학적으로 유의미한 차이가 있었다(p<.05). 결론 : 본 연구를 통하여 우리나라 학령전기 아동의 실행능력에 대한 지표인 평균값을 제시하였고, 성별에 따른 실행능력 의 차이를 확인하였다. 연구 결과는 임상가들에게 정상아동의 실행능력에 대한 기초자료를 제공하는 것에 의의가 있으며, 앞으로는 연구대상을 확장하고 SIPT의 다른 항목들을 포함하여 표준화하는 연구가 필요하다.

우리나라 현행 지역별 해상 기름회수능력 기준은 해당 지역의 입출항 및 통항선박 크기, 과거 해양오염사고 유출량을 기준으로 설정되었는데, 이는 사고후 환경적인 영향 측면이 고려되지 않은 상태이다. 본 연구에서는 지역별 해상 기름회수능력을 설정할 목적으로 7개 항목에 대한 지역별 현황을 조사·분석하여 정규화한 결과와 계층분석과정을 이용하여 도출한 가중치를 바탕으로 권역내 각 지역별 위험도를 산출하였다. 산출된 위험도를 바탕으로 권역내 확보해야 하는 해상 기름회수능력인 7,500㎘를 해당 지역의 위험도에 따라 해상 기름회수능력을 결정하여 지역별 적정 해상 기름회수능력을 제시하였다. 해양사고의 원인적인 측면 뿐만 아니라 환경·경제적인 측면까지 고려하여 제시된 지역별 해상기름회수능력 설정치는 현행 기준에 의한 설정치보다 균형적인 배치분포를 보이는 것으로 나타났다.

An estimation of indices for potential process capability (Cpk) and/or overall process performance (Ppk) is considered in order to gain insight into the statistical process control. The similarity and the difference of the two indices are discussed in some detail to clarify the meaning and usage of the two indices. It is demonstrated that the short term variance can be estimated within the framework of analysis of variance (ANOVA). Theoretic background is examined and followed by a simple numerical example, with a view to the implementation of the concept in the industrial fields.

본 연구는 국내 일반 사양환경에서 ROSS 육용계의 성장능력을 조사․분석하고, 사료효율을 고려한 도계의 적정시기를 산출하며, 도체성적을 분석하여 ROSS종 육계의 국내 활용 가능성을 검증하고, 성장관련 유용유전자를 발굴하여 조기선발을 위한 육종 전략을 수립하는데 목적으로 실시하였다. ROSS308 육계는 부분육 생산에 탁월한 능력을 지닌 품종으로 국외에서는 일반적으로 42일령에 도계를 실시하지만 국내에서는 55일령까지는 도계시기를 연장해도 좋지만 그 이후에는 사료효율이 저하되기 때문에 55일령을 도계시기로 선정하는 것이 바람직하다. 일반성장능력은 일당증체량이 83.4±10.4g, 사료섭취량은 4.5±1.4g, 출하체중은 4,833.2±570.7g, 정강이 길이는 9.36±5.4㎜, 가슴중량은 1,088.6± 125.0g, 넓적다리 중량은 864.8±86.9g으로 조사되었다. 초기 성장에서 능력이 저하되는 개체들은 조기 도태를 유도하여 계군 전체의 성장 능력 및 도체 성적을 개선할 수 있을 것으로 사료되며 이를 위하여 4개의 후보유전자인 TGFBR1, TGFBR1, IGF2, POUF1 등을 활용하여 조기선발을 유도하는 것이 유용할 것으로 사료된다.