본 연구는 대학의 강의평가를 단순한 수업의 질 평가 지표를 넘어, 학생의 학업 경험과 정서적 상태가 반영된 종합 적 신호로 재해석하고, 이를 학업 중단 관리 전략과 연계할 수 있는 가능성을 탐색하는 데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 D 대학의 2022학년도부터 2024학년도까지 3개년의 강의평가 점수와 중도 탈락률 자료를 수집하여 분석하였다. 분 석 방법으로는 강의평가 점수를 X축, 중도 탈락률을 Y축으로 설정한 IPA(Importance–Performance Analysis) 방식의 유형화 분석을 적용하였다. 연구 결과, 강의평가 점수와 중도 탈락률 간에는 모든 학년도에서 통계적으로 유의미한 부적 상관관계가 확인되었다. 또한 IPA형 분석을 통해 학과들은 네 개의 사분면으로 분류되었으며, 각 사분면은 상 이한 학업 중단 위험 특성과 관리 전략을 요구하는 것으로 나타났다. 강의평가 점수는 높으나 중도 탈락률이 높은 학과에서는 수업 외적 요인에 대한 지원 강화가 필요함이 시사되었고, 강의평가 점수와 중도 탈락률이 모두 불리한 학과에서는 교수⋅학습 과정과 학과 운영 전반에 대한 종합적 개선이 요구되었다. 반면, 강의평가 점수는 낮으나 중도 탈락률이 낮은 학과에서는 수업 요인 중심의 개선 전략이 효과적일 가능성이 확인되었으며, 강의평가와 학업 지속 모두에서 안정적인 특성을 보이는 학과는 우수 운영 사례로서 확산⋅공유의 대상으로 해석되었다. 이러한 결과 는 강의평가 자료가 학업 중단 위험을 학과 단위에서 진단하고, 차별화된 개입 전략을 설계하는 데 활용될 수 있는 실천적 도구임을 시사한다. 본 연구는 별도의 학습 분석 시스템 구축 없이도 기존 강의평가 자료를 활용한 학사 관리 전략의 확장 가능성을 제시하였다는 점에서 의의를 가지며, 대학 차원의 학생 유지 및 학업 중단 예방 정책 수립에 실질적인 시사점을 제공한다.

This study aims to evaluate and prioritize fisheries climate change adaptation policies using Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). While the Korean government has implemented various climate adaptation policies for fisheries, a systematic assessment of their urgency and importance has been lacking. To address this gap, a survey was conducted with 155 fisheries experts, including professors, researchers, and government officials, to analyze the significance and urgency of key adaptation measures in both aquaculture and offshore fisheries. The IPA results indicate that, in offshore fisheries, the highest-priority policies include monitoring fishery environments, assessing major fish species’ distribution changes, and adapting to emerging fish species. For aquaculture, the most critical strategies involve developing climate-resilient species, relocating fish farms based on environmental changes, and enhancing environmental monitoring. These findings highlight the need for targeted, high-priority actions in fisheries climate adaptation, providing a foundation for more effective policy development.

This study aimed to analyze the performance of local government-led Esports industries in South Korea to support the development of effective strategies and actionable policies for revitalizing and branding the domestic Esports sector. A survey was conducted with 30 experts across various fields within the Esports industry. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 28, employing frequency analysis and Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). The results of the IPA matrix indicated that ‘Esports Tournaments and Leagues’ exhibited the highest levels of performance, followed by ‘Facilities and Infrastructure’. In contrast, the area showing the lowest performance was identified as ‘Educational Programs’

This study aims to propose operational strategies for temperature management in wholesale fish markets, the first stage of the seafood distribution structure, in light of the increasing consumption of seafood and the government's strategy to revitalize the seafood consumption market. To identify areas for improvement in efficient cold chain management at wholesale markets, an analysis was conducted based on a survey assessing the importance and satisfaction levels among industry stakeholders. The survey results highlighted key reinforcement factors, such as ensuring the separation and safety of workspaces, securing low-temperature auction facilities, improving outdated wholesale market infrastructure, and raising workers' awareness of quality and hygiene management. Priority improvement areas included enhancing hygiene-related facilities, standardizing and regulating equipment, establishing temperature monitoring and management systems, implementing government policies for hygiene improvement in wholesale markets, and providing subsidies. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a reference for the adoption of seafood cold chain policies.

본 연구는 응답자의 특성에 따른 정원 조성 및 관리 의향, 선호하는 정원 유형 차이를 확인하고, 정원 조성 의향 증진 전략을 제시하여 정원 설계에 유용한 기초자료를 제공하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 2024년 8월 12일부터 9월 13일까지 설문조사를 실시하였고, 회수된 설문 중 부절절한 설문지를 제외한 183부의 설문을 분석하였다. 그 결과 인구통계학적 특성 중 응답자의 특성으로 직업적 배경의 경우 관련 업계 종사자가 72명(39.3%)으로 가장 많았고, 일반시민 59명(32.2%), 전공학생이 52명(28.4%) 순으로 나타났다. 응답자 특성에 따른 정원 조성 의향 및 관리 차이에서 관련 업계 종사자와 전공 학생들이 일반 시민에 비해 정원 조성에 관심이 더욱 많았으며, 정원 관리에 사용하는 시간도 더욱 많은 시간 소요하고 싶다는 것으로 나타났다. 선호하는 정원 유형으로는 “나무를 위주로 한 정원(64.0%)”, “이색적인 정원(60.6%”), “꽃과 채소, 과수 등이 같이 있는 정원(59.9%)” 순으로 긍정적 선호 비중이 높았으며, 부정적 선호가 많은 정원으로는 “단일 화종 위주의 정원(23.9%)”이었다. 정원 조성 의향에 미치는 선호하는 정원 선호 유형으로는 “한국식 정원”, “서양식 정원”, “토피어리 정원”, “수경 정원”, “나무를 위주로 한 정원”, “꽃과 채소, 과수 등이 같이 있는 정원”이 통계적으로 유의미한 양적 상관을 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, IPA 분석을 통한 정원 조성 의향 증진 전략을 위한 정원 유형으로는 “서양식 정원”에 적극적 자원 투자로 중점 개선해야하는 것으로 확인되었다.

본 연구는 2023년 4월 여성가족부에서 발표한 ‘제4차 다문화가족정책 기 본계획(2023~2027)’의 세부 정책에 대한 다문화가구원의 인식 조사를 수행 하고자 한다. 즉, 제4차 다문화가족정책 기본계획을 구성하고 있는 4개의 대과제와 14개의 중과제, 그리고 각 중과제별 주요 세부과제에 대한 다문화 가구원이 인식하고 있는 중요도와 만족도 분석(IPA, Importance and Performance Analysis)을 수행하고자 한다. 분석을 위해 A자치 단체 관내 다문화가족지원센터를 이용하는 다문화가구 거주자를 대상으로 설문조사를 수행하였다. IPA 분석으로 현재 추진되고 있는 다문화가구지원 사업들을 ‘지속유지영역’, ‘집중노력영역’, ‘점진개선영역’, 그리고 ‘과잉노력영역’으 로 구분하였다. 각 영역이 갖는 이론적 내용을 토대로 본 연구에서는 다문 화가구 지원 정책을 기획하고 집행하는 정부기관에 정책적 시사점을 제시 하고 있다. 또한, 본 연구는 기존의 국내 다문화가구 지원 정책 연구의 고도 화를 위해, 현재 추진되고 있는 정책에 대한 다문화가구원의 중요도와 만족 도 관련 인식조사 결과를 제시함으로써 국내 다문화연구의 이론적 확장에 기여한다고 생각한다.

본 연구는 동물매개 치유농장을 방문한 방문객의 특성을 분석하고, 이들 방문객을 대상으로 동물매개 치유농업의 활성화를 위한 속성별 중요도와 성취도를 조사하였다. 결과를 토대로 동물매개 치유농업 관련 전문가, 공무원, 연구원 등에게 정책수립과 연구 기초자료를 제공하고, 치유농장 품질인증제에 따른 수요자 맞춤 자료를 제공하고자 연구를 수행하였으며, 분석기법은 Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA)를 활용하였다. 분석결과 1사분면에서는 편의시설, 2사분면은 직원의 전문성, 3사분면은 동물 수의 적정성, 4사분면은 직원의 친절성이 도출되었다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 도출된 속성에 적합한 방안을 적용하고 원활한 동물매개 치유농업 정책이 이루어지길 기대한다.

In order to support start-ups effectively with limited resources, it is necessary to provide support tailored to start-up companies. Businesses that are operating in local incubation centers may have different demands for the support depending on the region characteristics. This study was worked on companies that have entered into the incubation center 'Youth Cube', which is operated by Ansan City. We investigated the perception of importance in the field of support to identify support policy priorities, and the satisfaction level of each field of support currently supported. Then We conducted an IPA analysis to derive the direction of support. The Ansan area has regional characteristics that it is located in the metropolitan area with well-equipped start-up infrastructure and many innovative institutions, As a result of the importance survey, technology commercialization was recognized as the most important, and education/mentoring was recognized as the least important. Satisfaction with the space and facilities that can be used free of charge was the highest, and the satisfaction was the lowest for entrepreneurship education/mentoring, as was the degree of importance. In addition, according to each quadrant, we derived support that should be maintained, support that should be intensively improved, support that should be given a low policy priority, and support directions that should be kept in mind to avoid excessive support.

This study was undertaken to provide basic data to aid product development and marketing by identifying purchasing behaviors and performing Important Performance Analysis (IPA) according to the consumption values of rice cakes. This study was conducted on 426 consumers who purchased rice cakes. Analysis was performed to determine general characteristics, consumption behaviors, preference for rice cakes, material preferences for rice cake development, need for rice cake development, and importance and satisfaction when selecting rice cakes. Cluster analysis classified consumption values into three clusters. The high and middle consumption value groups contained the greatest proportions of consumers aged over fifty. The high and medium consumption value groups preferred rice cakes more than the low consumption value group. Higher rice cake consumption value was positively associated with the greater preference for rice cakes. Furthermore, the perceived need to develop rice cakes was greatest in the high consumption value group. In addition, importance and satisfaction were positively associated with consumption value. IPA analysis showed that the attributes that require continuous attention because of their contributions to importance and satisfaction were taste, quantity, and hygiene. Different rice cake marketing and product development strategies are required for different consumption values.

본 연구는 IPA가 고객만족도에 영향을 미치는 복합리조트의 중요도-성과분석을 알아보기 위해 수행되었 다. 선행연구를 바탕으로 측정도구로 설문조사를 실시하였고, 각 연구문제를 IPA와 다중회귀분석을 통해 실 증분석하였다. 목표 달성을 위해 IPA는 IR에서 시설 서비스와 만족도를 분석하고, IPA 데이터를 고객 만족 도와 연관시켜 활용한다. IPA 결과, 고객은 시설서비스는 높고 만족도는 낮은 쇼핑을 활용한 것으로 나타났 다. 그래서 IR은 계속해서 시설 서비스를 늘리고 고객 요구 사항을 까다롭게 만들고 있습니다. 또한 고객만 족도(가격, 품질만족)를 알아보기 위해 다중회귀분석을 활용한 결과, F&B, 쇼핑, 엔터테인먼트는 가격만족과 관련이 있었고, F&B, 엔터테인먼트, 카지노는 품질만족과 관련이 있었다.

As the demand for ready-to-eat foods continues to grow, concerns about the sodium in processed foods are also growing. In this study, a survey was conducted on the perception of low-sodium products and diffusion plans according to the type of employee (manufacturer, retailer, distributor). Of the 191 responses collected, 189 valid responses (98.9%) were analyzed. The results showed that the employees were aware of the health contribution of a low-sodium diet, labeling for low-sodium, and the promotion of low-sodium food to increase its consumption. Furthermore, retailers recognized the positive contribution of low-sodium products in terms of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) management. The use of sodium substitutes was preferred as the best way to reduce sodium in ready-to-eat foods. With regard to sodium reduction in readyto- eat foods, we found that the technical factors involved were clustered by the type of business. Specifically, distributors showed a similar performance but had a lower perception of importance than retailers. Manufacturers had a lower perception of both importance and performance. In this study, we collected perceptions from employees who were working at food companies, which differed from previous research. We sought to examine the differences in the perception of sodium reduction and consumption of ready-to-eat foods across various types of employment. Furthermore, we provided specific approaches to reduce perception gaps and enhance understanding among employees.

This study analyzes the importance and implementation of countermeasures to reduce safety accidents that may occur during fishing in coastal gillnet fishing. Safety accidents that may occur in coastal gillnet fishing were classified into 56 measurement items in six areas: slips and trips, contact with machinery, falls, struck by object, musculoskeletal symptoms, and electrical shock. 35 fishermen belonging to coastal gillnet associations in Tongyeong and Namhae were selected as samples, and the importance and implementation of the proposed measurement items were investigated in the field. In addition, the results were evaluated visually by IPA analysis. As a result of the analysis, the importance of struck by object was the highest, and the implementation of slips and trips was the highest. On the other hand, prevention of musculoskeletal damage was found to be the lowest in both importance and implementation. The area with the most significant difference in importance and implementation by the classified area for measurement items was struck by object, and the area with the minor difference was slips and trips. Among the measurement items, the importance is highly recognized, but there are items with low implementation. To improve their level of implementation, countermeasures such as continuous education, economic support, and structural change of fishing boats should be prepared; moreover, policy support activities for implementation should be carried out.

Purpose: This study aimed to understand the core concept of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) psychotherapy through the experience of psychotherapists by presenting an in-depth analysis of the formation and change process of their irrational beliefs. Methods: Data were collected through in-depth interviews with four REBT counselors selected through an intentional sampling process, and then analyzed and interpreted through Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Results: After an in-depth analysis of the meaningful statements of the study participants, six themes and fifteen sub-themes were extracted. The six themes were ‘self-hindering thoughts’, ‘environments that amplify irrational beliefs’, ‘war and struggle for the self’, ‘realization of life strategies’, ‘my big self (I) that consists of countless smaller selves (i)’, and ‘life is a continuous self-therapy’. Conclusion: The results showed that REBT psychotherapists form their irrational beliefs through the overall evaluations of justification, exaggeration, and people that arise from important interactions with others, including their parents, and further reinforce these beliefs through internal and external compensation. These irrational beliefs led to evaluative judgment and self-discrepancy and negatively influenced the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral aspects as well as their presence. These irrational beliefs internalized and transformed the rational beliefs that were confirmed through a debate on the separation between problems and people and, distancing, repeated self-talks, expanded from self-acceptance to others, and persisted through self-treatment methods

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study was to investigate directions for future smart city transportation policies and service development by evaluating road service satisfaction levels and predicting future service demand. METHODS : A nationwide survey was conducted in Korea to develop a transportation service evaluation system based on the functions and objects of transportation. The satisfaction level of road service was evaluated using an analytic hierarchy process (AHP), promising service sectors were identified using the revised importance-performance analysis (IPA) technique, and detailed service demands by sector were suggested. RESULTS : The most valuable service value felt by the people was "safety" (weight 0.4), and the overall satisfaction level was 68.9 points, slightly exceeding "normal." As a result of analyzing the promising service sectors by dividing them into urban and rural areas, "handicapped, elderly, and pedestrians" were important in both areas, and "road facility maintenance" was classified as an additional promising sector for rural areas. CONCLUSIONS : People demand that future smart city transportation policies and services should be "people" and "safety" centered. In addition, it is necessary to pay attention not only to the development of new services but also to the improvement of problems with existing services and policies.

Non-face-to-face lectures have become a necessity rather than an option since COVID-19, and in order to improve the quality of university education, it is necessary to explore the properties of non-face-to-face lectures and make active efforts to improve them. This study, focusing on this, aims to provide basic data necessary for decision-making for non-face-to-face lecture design by analyzing the relative importance and execution satisfaction of non-face-to-face lecture attributes for professors and students. Based on previous research, a questionnaire was constructed by deriving 4 factors from 1st layer and 17 from 2nd layer attributes of non-face-to-face lectures. A total of 180 valid samples were used for analysis, including 60 professors and 120 students. The importance of the non-face-to-face lecture properties was calculated by obtaining the weights for each stratified element through AHP(Analytic Hierachy Process) analysis, and performance satisfaction was calculated through statistical analysis based on the Likert 5-point scale. As a result of the AHP analysis, both the professor group and the student group had the same priority for the first tier factors, but there was a difference in the priorities between the second tier factors, so it seems necessary to discuss this. As a result of the IPA(Importance Performance Analysis) analysis, the professor group selected the level of interaction as an area to focus on, and it was confirmed that research and investment in teaching methods for smooth interaction are necessary. The student group was able to confirm that it is urgent to improve and invest in the current situation so that the system can be operated stably by selecting the system stability. This study uses AHP analysis for professors and students groups to derive relative importance and priority, and calculates the IPA matrix using IPA analysis to establish the basis for decision-making on future face-to-face and non-face-to-face lecture design and revision. It is meaningful that it was presented.

The mandatory installation of the ECDIS (Electronic Chart Display and Information System) became an important navigational equipment for navigation officer. In addition, ECDIS is a key component of the ship's digitalization in conjunction with various navigational equipment. Meanwhile, cyber-attacks emerge as a new threat along with digitalization. Damage caused by cyber-attacks is also reported in the shipping sector, and IMO recommends that cybersecurity guidelines be developed and included in International Security Management (ISM). This study analyzed the cybersecurity hazards of ECDIS, where various navigational equipment are connected. To this end, Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) was conducted on navigation officer using ECDIS. As a result, the development of technologies for cyber-attack detection and prevention should be priority. In addition, policies related to ‘Hardware and Software upgrade’, ‘network access control’, and ‘data backup and recovery’ were analyzed as contents to be maintained. This paper is significant in deriving risk factors from the perspective of ECDIS users and analyzing their priorities, and it is necessary to analyze various cyber-attacks that may occur on ships in the future.

중요도-만족도 분석방법은 만족도 향상을 위해 관리 우선순위를 선정할 수 있는 간단하고 효과적인 방법이다. 본 연구는 이중에서 IPA-Kano 모델을 적용하여 천연기념물의 방문 만족 속성과 관리 방안을 연계하고 방문 만족도 향상을 위한 관리 개선 우선순위 선정을 목적으로 한다. 방문 만족 속성 14개를 기본요소, 실행요소, 매력요소로 구분하고 요소별 성취도(만족도)에 따른 개선 우선순위를 도출하였다. 서천 마량리 동백나무 숲 관리의 기본요소는 ‘자연환경’, ‘안내소･안내직원’이며, 중요 실행요소에는 ‘아름다운 경관’, ‘탐방시설’, ‘숲의 관리상태’, ‘접근성’, ‘역사문화자원’이 해당된다. 매력요소는 ‘천연기념물의 가치’, ‘주변 관광지’, ‘적정 입장료’로 나타났다. 성취도에 따른 개선 우선순위는 ‘안내소･안내직원’ > ‘접근성’ > ‘자연환경’ > ‘탐방시설’, ‘역사문화자원’, ‘숲 관리상태’, ‘아름다운 경관’ > ‘적정 입장료’, ‘주변 관광지’ > ‘천연기념물의 가치’ 순으로 나타났다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 천연기념물 관리 시 한정된 자원과 예산, 인력을 효율적으로 배치하기 위한 우선순위를 제안하였다.

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for development of vinegar-based sauce and menu for foodservice institution and restaurant. To accomplish this, importance-performance analysis (IPA) was adopted as the major research method by analyzing the overall perception and characteristics of purchasing of vinegar-based sauce. A significant difference was detected in all items except package design for importance and satisfaction (p<0.01). Highest importance and satisfaction were determined for taste and convenience, respectively. Price and additive belonged to quadrant 2, where level of importance is low but satisfaction is high. Preference and satisfaction showed significant differences in all items (p<0.05). Meat and seafood belonged to quadrant 2 where level of importance is low but satisfaction is high. Developing a variety of vinegar-based sauces that meet consumers' well-being needs is needed