In this study, the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior (ETPB) was applied to analyze consumers’ intention to purchase meal kits. The perception of ESG management practiced by companies was used as a moderating variable to investigate its influence and moderating effects between each variable. An online survey was conducted over 4 days in January 2023 on consumers aged 20 years or older who had purchased meal kits within 6 months. Hypotheses were tested using IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 and AMOS 24.0 programs with an effective sample size of 324 copies (100%). Attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, perceived sustainable package, and price sensitivity of the theory of planned behavior toward meal kit products had a significant positive effect on purchase intention, and all research hypotheses were accepted. The moderating effect of consumers' perceptions of ESG management practiced by companies had a positive and significant effect on attitude and perceived behavioral control.

Food upcycling has emerged as an effective approach to sustainably utilize the food waste generated within the food supply chain. This review article examines upcycled food with respect to its definition, consumers’ knowledge and perception on it, and the process by which by-products from the food supply chain are utilized for the creation of upcycled food products. The definition of upcycled food varied among manufacturers, research institutions, and the Upcycled Food Association, depending on the specific values and objectives of each sector. This has resulted in the use of different keywords to highlight the distinctive characteristics of their respective interpretations of upcycled food. This review also summarizes the various consumer traits that can influence the awareness and acceptance of upcycled food, encompassing functional, empirical and emotional, symbolic and self-expressive, and economic benefits. Additionally, the review presents strategies to utilize by-products produced in large quantities in Korea, while also addressing the control of hazardous components to ensure biological or chemical safety and the changes in nutritional value that may occur during the utilization of these byproducts.

목적: 소비자를 대상으로 안경사 직업에 대한 인식 현황을 조사하였으며, 안경사의 전문성을 강화하기 위한 방법과 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 방법 : 본 연구의 취지와 자료수집에 동의한 일반인 624명을 대상으로 안경사 제도, 업무범위 및 전문성과 관 련된 설문조사를 수행 및 분석하였다. 결과 : 본 연구에 참여한 대상자가 생각하고 있는 시기능검사에 적합한 장소는 대부분 “안경원”인 것으로 파악 되었으며, 시기능검사를 수행하기에 적합한 사람은 주로 “안경사”로 답변한 것으로 확인되었다. 안경사가 전문성 을 가지기 위해 가장 필요한 것에 대해서는 “안과의사와 비교했을 때 유사한 수준의 전문성”으로 답변한 대상자가 가장 많았으며, 다음으로 “사회적으로 인정받을 수 있는 신뢰도와 책임감”으로 확인되었다. 전문의와 같은 분야별 안경사 양성에 대해서는 “눈과 관련된 전문적인 서비스를 받을 수 있을 것 같아서”의 이유로, 대상자 대부분이 “찬 성”하는 것으로 확인되었다. 결론 : 안경사가 토털 아이 케어 전문가로 거듭나기 위해서는 안과의사와 유사한 수준의 전문성 함양이 요구되 며, 소비자가 요구하는 안경사의 전문성을 확보하고, 미래지향적인 발전 방안을 마련해야 할 중요한 시기로 판단 된다

The study had subject to find out what factors Korean automobile consumer is considering in their decision to purchase cars in the situation of the growing competition in the domestic automobile market. In order to this end, the previous study was reviewed to select various factors considered in the process of buying cars. Based on this, Analytic Hierarchy Process was used to prioritize which factors were considered more important by consumers. In the result of study, we could find that performance had the highest priority, and the second ranking was the price. In contrast, image of brand and convenience of maintenance were shown to be relatively low in importance, ranking 3rd and 4th, respectively. Beside, we could recognized the ranking of other detailed factors. This study has an academic implication in that it is able to grasp the latest tendency of consumers’ purchase choice of car and to make conclusion by applying AHP analysis method to study of related subject. It also have practical significance that can be a basis for make sense what factors should be taken by the automobile industry to uprise the purchase of the consumers through the identification and preparation of the purchase selection criteria of domestic automobile buyers.

This study identified fashion consumers disposal behavior and analyzed the effects of consumers pursuing values in disposal, environmental awareness, and sustainable fashion consumption attitudes in regards to fashion disposal behavior. A survey questionnaire was developed and data were obtained from 460 consumers in their 20's to 50's in Korea who had experienced fashion disposal behaviors during last 12 months. As a result, there were four different fashion disposal behaviors such as economical, practical, and social disposal as well as hoarding behaviors. Consumers pursuing values in disposal affected fashion disposal behavior. Practical and economical values had positively impacted economical disposal and hoarding behaviors. While hedonic value had a negative impact on economical disposal behavior, it had a positive impact on social disposal behavior. Also, environmental-social values had positively impacted practical and social disposal behaviors. Fashion-related environmental knowledge had positively impacted economical and practical disposal behaviors and PCE affected social disposal behavior, while environmental concerns had a negative impact on economical disposal behavior. Consumers attitude toward usedfashion items, fashion recycling, and fashion innovativeness affected all of fashion disposal behaviors. Although hoarding behavior has been an under researched area, the finding implied that hoarding behavior was affected by consumer's pursuing value in disposal and sustainable consumption attitude. Also, environmental-social values and attitudes toward used-fashion items would induce practical disposal behavior such as reuse by alteration or reform. Consumers economical and hedonic values can promote donations or exchange/resale of unwanted fashion items, which can lead to sustainable consumption.

The purpose of this study was to develop measures for establishing and enforcing legal nutrition labeling for Takju based on results from consumer awareness surveys, statistical model development, and evaluation of nutrients. The statistical model developed with consumer survey results showed that consumers would like to know the nutrients they intake from drinking Takju, as their awareness about Takju was low. Specifically, consumers would like to see information regarding alcohol content, calories, carbohydrates, and saccharides on the label. Structural equations from the research model showed that consumers who had some knowledge of Takju also had positive thoughts of the nutrition fact labels for Takju. Evaluation of nutrients in Takju showed that the starch sources and other ingredients used in Takju fermentation did not influence nutrient facts, and nutrient concentrations also varied among the different Takju. In addition, this research suggests methods for consumers to make reasonable selections and to inform them of the nutrition fact labeling for Takju. Benners and pop-up were manufactured to promote voluntary participation of companies and to provide nutrition facts from Takju. Eventually, a measure was suggested to establish and enforce nutrition labeling, using results from consumer and nutrient surveys of Takju.

This study was a survey of consumer awareness and attitudes about genetically modified foods and their labeling regulations. Questionnaires were distributed to 4,620 consumers who lived in different areas of Korea, and 4,076 people responded. The consumers were asked about knowledge, labeling information, and their sources of information about GM foods. Respondents from Seoul, Jeonnam, and Gyeongnam answered mostly "nearly don't know > moderate > never know > know a little." Respondents from Gyeonggi answered "moderate > nearly don't know > never know > know a little." According to occupation, housewives, company employees, consultants, and students answered mostly "nearly don't know > moderate > never know > know a little. "Consumers answered about the intent to buy GM foods differently according to area, occupation, and education. Seoul and Gyeonggi residents said that reinforcing factors to relieve the insecurity of GM foods were "evaluating safety > management of GM foods by the government > GM food regulation system." There were other answers according to area, occupation, and education. About GM-related education methods that they wished to have, residents of the Seoul area said "books/leaflets" most often, but residents of the Gyounggi area said "attending a lecture" most often. Housewives also said "attending a lecture," but teachers and students said "Internetbased education" most often. About the kinds of education that they could join, Seoul residents answered "consumer groups > school parents > public institutions," but Gyeonggi and Chungnam area residents answered "public institutions > consumer groups > school parents." Housewives and students answered "consumer groups" most often, but consultants and private business owners answered "public institutions" most often. We realized that different education methods were necessary for different areas, occupations, and education levels.

To promote use of nutrition labels, degrees of awareness, use, and satisfaction of nutrition labeling on eating-out menus were investigated by a self-recorded questionnaire from May to July 2010 in 629 participants who visited four bakery chains (n=409) and three ice-cream chains (n=220) located in Daejeon. Of the subjects 53.4% were female, 68.8% aged 20~29 years, and 59.3% visited bakery or ice-cream stores 1~3 times per month. Only 38.2% of participants had knowledge of nutrition-labeling mandates for eating-out menus, and 74.9% had seen labels before in bakery and ice-cream stores. Most subjects understood calorie amount and daily value of sodium very well, but they failed to understand the meaning of daily value. Only 21.2% of the subjects understood nutrition label information completely. Of the participants, 46.7% read nutrition labels in bakery or ice-cream stores when purchasing. Among the subjects who read the labels, 77.2% (36.1% of total subjects) referred to the label information when selecting a menu and 46.9% (21.9% of total subjects) had experienced altering their menu choice based on the information. Exactly 53.3% of subjects answered they did not read nutrition labels since they were not interested or had no time, or because the labels were not noticeable. Satisfaction of the place, timing, and format of nutrition labels at bakery and ice-cream stores fell below average overall. Many subjects wanted trans fat and cholesterol to be added to the labels. In conclusion, degrees of perception, use, and satisfaction of nutrition labels at bakery and ice-cream stores were still low. More effective publicity and consumer education about nutrition labeling will be necessary, and bakery or ice-cream companies should make efforts to improve nutrition labeling such as providing format and place.

플라워샵의 활성화에 대한 기초 자료 확보 측면에서 소비자 남성 58명과 여성 155명을 대상으로 플라워샵 상품의 가격, 포장, 선물용 및 판매자의 태도에 대한 만족 도와 재구매 의사에 대해 조사를 하였다. 플라워샵의 상품에 대한 만족도에 대해 ‘만족한다’는 응답은 남성과 여성 각각 8.62% 및 14.21%를 나타냈다. 그리고 꽃 상 품의 포장에 대해 ‘만족한다’는 응답은 남성과 여성각각 6.88% 및 12.91%를 나타냈다. 꽃상품에 대해 선물 로서 ‘만족한다’는 응답은 남성과 여성 각각 8.61% 및 1.95%를 나타냈다. 플라워샵의 상품 판매자의 태도에 ‘만족한다’는 응답은 남성과 여성 각각 6.89% 및 6.46% 를 나타냈으며, 플라워샵 상품의 재구매 의사가 있다고 응답은 남성과 여성은 각각 5.16% 및 9.05%에 불과 하였다. 이와 같이 플라워샵에 대한 소비자들의 만족도 가 낮게 나타난 만큼 플라워샵 경영주의 적극적인 대 처가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

A survey of consumer awareness and attitudes was conducted about genetically modified (GM) foods and the labeling regulations. The questionnaires were distributed to 4,620 consumers who lived in a variety of areas in Korea, and 4,076 people responded. The consumers were asked about knowledge, labeling information, and the source of obtaining information about GM foods. More than 11.5% of the consumers had never heard about GM foods and 86.9% of consumers had less than a normal level of knowledge about GM foods. No statistically significant relationship was found between genders, but the teachers group had moderate knowledge (p<0.001). In total, 28.4% of consumers did not know the GMO labeling regulations. They answered that the reason to buy GM food was do not know>nothing wrong>create benefit>think as safe>inexpensive. The answers to the question of what was the first benefit were: solve food shortage>functional and nutritious food>cultivate in bad condition>nothing>various cultivars. They answered that the worst factor was the next generation effect>environmental disruption. Regarding the development of GM food in Korea, males answered do not know>stronglyrecommend>defer>strongly suppress. Female answered: don't know>defer>strongly recommend>strongly suppress. More than half of the respondents did not have much information about GM foods; 88.3% of respondents answered they did not have educational experience about GM food.

The effects of pressure cooker brand awareness, in terms of rice cooking performance, were evaluated using consumer acceptability tests. A blind test was performed using rice samples cooked by 3 different pressure cookers without any brand information, and a brand awareness test followed with the same informed consumer panel. Overall acceptability, glossiness, stickiness, hardness, flavor, and color were evaluated and compared to determine whether or not there were changes on consumer choice for acceptability. Brand A and brand B were not significantly different in their overall acceptibility, moisture content, flavor, or color (p > 0.05), but they were significantly different for glossiness, stickiness, and hardness. Brands A and C were significantly different for all the attributes (p < 0.05). In the brand awareness test, brands A and B were not significantly different in their liking scores for all the attributes (p > 0.05). Brand C had significantly lower liking scores for overall acceptability, glossiness, stickiness, hardness, and moisture content than the other brands (p < 0.05). When comparing the liking scores for all the attributes with those of the blind test, the scores of the brand awareness test were slightly higher. For brand A, there were changes in its liking scores for overall acceptability, flavor, and glossiness (p < 0.05). However, brands B and C had brand awareness effects for all the attributes (p < 0.05).

유전자재조합식품의 안전성과 표시에 관한 일반국민의 의식을 2000년과 2001년 5월 9월 사이에 각각 750명과 979명을 대상으로 설문조사하였다. 평균 67.7%의 응답자가 유전자재조합식품에 관한 정보를 접한 경험이 있었다. 유전자재조합식품이 줄 수 있는 최대의 이점은 식량난해결이라는 의견을 나타냈다. 유전자재조합식품에는 90%이상의 응답자가 표시하기를 바랐으며 현재 구입하여 먹겠다는 사람은 18%이었고 기다려보겠다는 관망형이 49%를 넘어서 표시를 희망하면서도 결정을 유보하는 사람의 비율이 많았다. 유전자재조합기술로 개발된 제초제 내성 콩을 먹겠다는 사람보다 같은 방법으로 개발된 비타민 함량이 높은 콩을 먹겠다는 사람이 상대적으로 많은 것으로 보아 제품의 특성을 중시하지 유전자재조합 여부에는 큰 관심을 두지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 우리가 먹는 생물 유래의 식품에 유전자가 있다는 사실을 바르게 알고있는 응답자는 전체의 40% 정도였다. 유전자재조합식품이 위험할 것이라고 생각하는 사람은 지극히 적어서 응답자의 4%정도를 유지하였다. 유전자재조합 옥수수인 스타링크의 뉴스를 접한 경험이 있는 응답자가 66%나 되었던 반면 2001년 7월부터 실시된 유전자재조합 표시제의 시행에 대해 알고있는 소비자는 22%에 지나지 않았다.

A survey of consumers' awareness and attitudes about food biotechnology was conducted during May through August of 2001 with a random sample of 750 Korean consumers. More than 70% of the respondents was exposed to some informations related to genetically modified (GM) foods. The greatest benefit of the development of GM foods was thought to be the remedy for the food shortage in the future. More than 90% of Korean consumers wanted GM foods labeled. About 20% of the respondents would buy GM foods voluntarily, whereas over 50% would not until they found out more. More consumers responded that they would not buy herbicide-tolerant GM soybean but buy vitamin-enriched GM soybean. It seemed to be that many Korean consumers do not make decisions of acceptance or rejection of GM foods not on the basis of biotechnology but on the basis of the words) used to describe the products, such as herbicide and vitamin. Only 4% of Korean consumers responded that GM foods were the greatest safety-threatening factor of Korean foods and that the most interested information on food labels was whether the food was produced by biotechnology.

Consumer awareness of current food labeling system and new nutrition labeling system which the government considers to adopt widely was assessed, from May to June in 1994, for 423 adults living in Seoul. Being highly conscious of food safety, they thought the current food label did not provide sufficient information. Dissatisfaction with the current system was shown higher in the female, young, or unmarried strata. The need for nutrition labeling system was widely recognized by 82% of total respondents regardless of sex, level of education, monthly income, and marital status. Although some expressed worries about proper management of the system, most of the respondents answered that the system would benefit them after all. In this connection, 59% of the respondents showed willingness to accept a price increase to be entailed by nutrition labeling. Nutrition informations that, they thought, should be covered were: calorie>minerals>cholesterol>protein>vitamins>fat>sodium. Additional labeling informations they called for were nutrient contents>RDA percentage>specific statement on reinforced or eliminated nutrients.

최근 고객의 요구가 다양해지고 시장이 세분화 되고 있는 상황에서 농수축산물도 품질, 기능, 가격 등의 차별화만으로는 더 이상 경쟁력을 확보할 수 없다. 식품산업의 다변화가 이루어지는 가운데 1인 가구가 늘어나고 여성의 사회참여가 확대되며 생활패턴의 변화가 빠르게 진행되고 있다. 특히, 소비 트렌드와 식생활패턴의 다변화로 축산물을 가공하여 판매하고 있는 햄, 소시지와 같은 축산가공품의 개발 사례가 많아지고 있다. 이는 국내시장의 개방화에 따른 해외농수축산물 수입으로 인해 상품의 신선도, 안전성을 고려한 포장디자인이 매우 중요한 역할을 하고 있다는 것을 예견한다. 국내·외 축산가공품의 포장디자인을 분석한 결과 구조 및 형태, 시각·정보 전달 면에서 국외사례에 비해 포장디자인의 방법에서 미흡한 점을 발견할 수 있었다. 이에 축산 브랜드의 중요성을 인지하고 국내⋅외 축산가공품을 조사하였다. 본 연구는 소포장 · 소용량이 일반화되고 있는 식품 중 축산가공품의 신선도와 포장소재, 포장디자인의 적합성에 문제의식을 느끼고 현재 디자인과 개선된 디자인의 포장디자인 평가에 대한 진행과 보완점을 해결하기 위한 연구를 진행하고자 한다. 구체적인 연구 방법으로는 축산가공품 디자인의 사례를 디자인 평가 척도, 독창성, 기능성, 경제성, 심미성 등으로 분류 후 소비자에게 식품포장으로 인식하게 할 만한 차별적 요소와 방법적인 관점에서의 포장디자인을 평가하고자 한다. 축산가공품은 다른 상품과 달리 소비자가 쉽게 구매결정을 하는 저관여 제품이므로, 더욱 더 포장디자인의 역할이 중요하다고 판단되며 글로벌 시장에서 우위를 차지하기 위해 신선 포장 소재 및 소비자가 원하는 포장디자인을 제안하고자 한다.