본 연구는 정신질환 범죄자들의 주요 범죄원인과 특성을 살펴보고, 공중보건모델에 따른 정신질환 범죄 예방대책을 탐색하는 데 목적을 두고 있다. 연구방법은 경찰청 범 죄통계, 검찰청 범죄분석과 선행연구들을 탐색하고 공중보건모델에 따른 정신질환 범 죄 예방대책을 모색하였다. 연구 결과를 살펴보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 정신질환자들은 일반인에 비해 범죄율이 현저하게 낮았다. 하지만 정신질환이 약물 중독 등과 결합될 때 일반인보다 높은 범죄율을 보여주었다. 또한 정신질환의 원인은 유전적인 부분도 있으나 일부는 잘못된 성장환경과 아동기 학대 경험 등으로 인해 발생하며, 이런 경험 들이 폭력성을 높여주어 범죄로 이어지는 것으로 예측된다. 둘째, 공중보건모델에 따 른 정신질환 범죄 예방대책으로 가정과 지역사회 단계인 1차 예방, 경찰, 검찰 및 법 원의 수사와 공판단계에 해당하는 2차 예방 및 교정과 보호단계인 3차 예방으로 나누 어 살펴보았다. 본 연구의 의의는 현재 우리나라의 정신질환 범죄자에 대한 범죄와 재 범률을 낮추는 방안으로 공중보건모델을 제안하였다. 이 모델이 정신질환 범죄율을 낮추어 줄 것으로 기대된다

This study analyzed the effect of workers' socio-psychological burden factors on musculoskeletal disorders. A survey was conducted targeting office and field workers in the Seoul metropolitan area. Analysis was performed using the results of 357 surveys out of 400 surveys. The analysis results were derived as follows. First, the socio-psychological burden factor did not show statistically significant results for musculoskeletal disorders. Second, it was found that job stress factors also had a positive effect on musculoskeletal disorders. Third, social psychological burden factors were found to be more positive than office workers than field workers. Fourth, there was a statistically significant correlation between job stress and musculoskeletal disease risk scores. From the above results, job stress factors affect musculoskeletal disease risk factors (work frequency, pain level, and duration) and the increase in musculoskeletal disorders and the number of accidents.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Cheonggukjang pills with aronia and blueberries on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. There have been several reports that Cheonggukjang is effective for intestinal health, but the efficacy of Cheonggukjang containing fruits has not yet been reported. In this study, we showed the effect of cheonggukjang pills with blueberries and aronia (CPBA) on DSS-induced colitis in BALB/c mice. CPBA was obtained from Soonchang Moonokae foods and orally administered once a day for 2 weeks before DSS treatment. Colitis was induced in mice by feeding 5% (w/v) DSS drinking water for 7 days. The results showed that CPBA treatment significantly alleviated DSS-induced disease activity index associated with a decrease in colon length. CPBA improved DSS-induced histological changes and intestinal epithelial barrier integrity in mice colon. In addition, CPBA administration significantly reduced the levels of DSS-mediated interferon-γ and interleukin-6 in serum and tumor necrosis factor-α in colon tissue. Moreover, the gene expression of COX-2 and iNOS, which are factors involved in inflammatory signaling, was significantly reduced by CPBA treatment. These results suggest that CPBA have a protective effect against DSS-induced mice colitis and may be a candidate for colitis treatment.

Periodontitis, especially in its chronic form, is one of the leading causes of tooth loss, significantly affecting the quality of life in the modern era of aging society. Recent studies have revealed a potential correlation between periodontitis and various systemic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and Alzheimer’s dementia (AD). With the body of epidemiologic evidence that links these separate disease entities, several lines of hypotheses have been postulated to provide mechanistic understandings that mostly comprises abnormal regulation of immunologic and inflammatory signaling. In this review, we revisit the experimental findings that describe virulence factors derived from Porphyromonas gingivalis, including gingipains and lipopolysaccharides, as well as their roles in the pathophysiology of AD. In addition, we address potential immunologic challenges imposed by this bacterial pathogen contributing to progression of AD.

목적: 국민건강영양조사 제7기(2016~2018) 원시자료를 이용하여 관절성 질환이 안질환에 영향을 미칠 수 있는지 와 그 연관성 정도를 파악하고자 하였다. 방법: 국민건강영양조사 제7기(2016~2018) 자료 중 관절성 질환과 안과 질환 진단여부에 응답한 만 50세 이상 의 성인 총 3,243명을 대상으로 두 질병간의 연관성을 분석하였으며, p<0.050인 경우 유의한 것으로 판단하였다. 결과 : 백내장, 녹내장, 황반변성의 주요 3대 안과 질환은 관절염 및 골관절염과 유의한 관련성이 있었다. 모든 변수를 보정한 상태에서 관절염은 1.296배(95% CI: 1.054~1.594) 정도 백내장의 위험을 증가시키는 것으로 나 타났으며, 황반변성은 2.413배(95% CI: 1.172~4.968) 위험을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 골관절염은 2.758배(95% CI: 1.342~5.668) 황반변성의 위험을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 관절염과 골관절염은 녹내장에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 결론 : 관절염과 골관절염은 황반변성의 위험을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났고, 관절염은 백내장에도 영향을 미 치는 것으로 나타났다.

This study investigated the association between dietary intake and 10-year risk for CHD predicted from Framingham risk score in Korean adults using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019-2020. Eight thousand subjects (3,382 men and 4,618 women) aged 30 years or older were classified into three groups according to the 10-year CHD risk (%). The sociodemographics, anthropometrics indices, blood profiles, and dietary intake were collected. After adjusting for confounding variables, the mean adequacy ratio (MAR) decreased for both men and women as the disease risk increased. The high–risk group was below the MAR criteria, indicating that the overall quality of the meal was not good. The highest consumers of legumes (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.37-0.84), fruits (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.48-0.93), and fish (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.42-0.87) had a 44%, 33%, and 40% lower 10-year CHD risk than lowest consumers in men, respectively. In women, there is no significant relationship between food groups and disease risk. Therefore, improving lifestyle habits such as weight control, increased activity, and adequate food intake, especially legumes, fruits, and fish rich in antioxidant nutrients and bioactive substances, appears to have a potential association with preventing coronary heart disease in Korean adults.

EBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcer (EBVMCU) is an indolent, superficial lymphoproliferative disorder that occurs in either iatrogenic or age-associated immunocompromised patients with latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Although EBVMCU is histologically similar with other lymphoproliferative disorders, such as EBV-positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma, the diseases are classified as distinct entities by the World Health Organization with different clinical manifestations, prognosis, and genetic profiles. EBVMCU commonly shows spontaneous regression by conservative management, reduction or cessation of immunosuppressive treatment, but local progression is possible. Complete remission of disease can be achieved with combination of surgical resection, chemotherapy and local radiation therapy. Herein, we report 2 cases of oral superficial lymphoproliferative disorders arising adjacent to the gnathic bone with striking differences in prognosis and bone involvement. One of the cases induced extensive osteomyelitis in the underlying bone. Furthermore, we discussed the differential diagnosis of EBVMCU and reviewed the former literature.

In order to conduct a study on the importance of the wrist joint, which causes a lot of pain among middle-aged people, in relation to work related to musculoskeletal disorders, the effect of stretching on grasping power was studied. In order to compare the grasping power of the wrist for middle-aged people in their 50s, the experiment was conducted by comparing before and after the wrist joint motion stretching. According to the experimental results of wrist gripping power for the control group and the experiment group on wrist gripping power, it was investigated that stretching did not change much in increasing wrist gripping power, but stretching application had an effect on wrist gripping power. In terms of preventing musculoskeletal accidents, reducing pain due to degenerative diseases, and preventing accidents, stretching seems to have an effect when approaching, so it is considered that continuous stretching before and after work is necessary. Therefore, it is suggested that stretching time secured quantitatively through safety and health education before work is necessary.

This study was performed to develop a Kdiet-index based on the definitions and characteristics of traditional Korean food. The Korean Food Pattern Index (Kdiet-index) for diseases was applied using dietary data from the 2017 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) and the association between Kdiet-index and metabolic disease was confirmed. The study subjects were 1,971 Korean adults aged >40, and the components were classified according to 14 criteria used to establish the Kdiet-index. Main ingredients up to the top 3 were designated using dish names, ingredients, and contents using KNHANES dietary data. Kdiet-index was classified using scores of ≤3 points, 4-7 points, and ≥8 points and total Kdietindex were calculated by summing dietary scores. Correlations between Kdiet-index and obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes were analyzed. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for obesity were 0.531, 0.385~0.732 and for elevated cholesterol (≥240 mg/dL) indices were 0.471, 0.282~0.788, respectively, which showed a significant decreased in the risk for each disease for Kdiet-index of ≥8 points. This study confirms that metabolically related clinical results improved significantly as Kdiet-index increased and that higher Korean food pattern indices are associated with lower risks of metabolic disease

목적: 국민건강영양조사 제7기(2016-2018) 원시자료를 이용하여 황반변성에 영향을 줄 수 있는 만성질환을 파악 하고자 수행되었다. 방법 : 국민건강영양조사 제7기(2016-2018) 자료 중 40세 이상의 성인 중에 황반변성 진단여부에 응답한 4,356명의 대상으로 만성질환과의 관계를 분석하였으며, p<0.05인 경우 유의한 것으로 판단하였다. 결과 : 황반변성은 연령에 따라 유병률이 높아졌는데, 연령과 관계된 만성질환 중 심근경색증에서만 유의한 결 과를 얻을 수 있었다. 또한, 심근경색증의 위험요인인 이상지질혈증과 이상지질혈증을 일으키는 고콜레스테롤혈증 도 황반변성과 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 결론 : 황반변성은 연령과 관련된 만성질환 중 심근경색증, 이상지질혈증, 고콜레스테롤혈증과 관련이 있음을 확인하였다.

목적: 본 연구에서는 40세 이상 한국 성인에서 망막전막(황반부) 따른 심혈관계질환과의 위험요인을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 국민건강영양조사 제7기(2016~2018년) 조사대상자의 건강설문조사와 안과 검진을 받은 40세 이상을 대상으로 망막앞막(황반부)과 관련 있는 심혈관계질환 및 나이과 성별, 체질량지수, 사회학적 요인인 월평균 가구 총소득, 교육수준, 현재흡연율, 월간음주율을 보정하여 로지스틱 회귀분석을 수행하였으며 유의수준은 0.050 미 만으로 하였다. 결과 : 40세 이상 망막앞막(황반부) 유병률은 7.94%(527명)로 남자 3.31%(220명), 여자 4.62%(307명)로 나타났다. 나이에 따른 망막앞막(황반부)은 나이가 1살 많아질 때 교차비가(OR) 1.095배로 높아지고(p<0.001), 고혈압 있는 사람이 고혈압 없는 사람에 비해 망막앞막에 대한 교차비(OR)가 1.268배로 유의한 차이가 있었다 (p=0.024). 결론 : 망막앞막(황반부)과 심혈관계질환과의 관계에서 사회학적인 요인을 보정한 후 통계적으로 유의한 관련 성은 나이와 고혈압으로 확인되었지만, 뇌졸중과 심근경색, 협심증은 유의미한 연관성을 확인할 수 없었다. 이는 40세 이상의 성인이고 고혈압이 있는 사람에게 안검사 및 굴절검사를 진행 할 경우, 망막에 관련된 검사를 할 필요가 있을 것으로 예상 하고 추후 다양한 후속 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

초음파 내시경 검사는 내시경 선단에 달린 초음파 탐지자를 이용하여 위장관 내에서 초음파를 이용하여 주변 장기를 관찰하는 검사다. 초음파 내시경을 이용하면 췌장을 고해상도로 실시간 관찰하면서 병소에 대한 조직 검사가 가능하다. 초음파 내시경 유도하 조직 검사는 지난 20여 년간 초음파 내시경 및 세침의 발전과 해부학적 구조의 이해 및 내시경을 통한 조직 검사 술기 등의 발전으로 췌장 질환에 대한 기본적인 비수술적 조직 검사가 되었다. 본고에서는 최근에 발표된 유럽 및 국내 가이드라인에서 언급하고 있는 내시경 초음파 유도하 조직 검사의 췌장 병변에서의 활용 기준과 다양한 종류의 조직 세침의 특성에 따른 선택, rapid on site evaluation, stylet 및 음압의 사용, fanning technique 등 검사에서 고려할 사항 및 조직 검체 처리 방법, 합병증 및 교육에 대해서 간략히 기술하였다.

Diet is important for muscle health and offers a protective effects against the loss of skeletal muscle mass and physical functions with advancing age. We analyzed the relationship between diet, metabolic disease risk, and sarcopenia in Korean female adults using the 2009-2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). A total of 2038 adult women aged 50-64 years were classified into four groups based on the diagnosis of menopause and sarcopenia. The groups were the non-menopause and non-sarcopenia group (NMNS, n=249), the non-menopause and sarcopenia group (NMS, n=14), the menopause and non-sarcopenia group (MNS, n=1,653), and the menopause and sarcopenia group (MS, n=122). The socio-demographics, anthropometrics, blood profile, and dietary data of the subjects were collected. Those who were in both the sarcopenia groups were more obese (p<0.001), had greater waist circumferences (p<0.001), higher body mass index (p<0.001), and higher obesity rates (p<0.001) after adjustment for covariants. Both the sarcopenia groups also had higher plasma levels of total cholesterol (p<0.001), HbA1c (p=0.001), and vitamin D (p=0.020) than both the non-sarcopenia groups. Both the sarcopenia groups demonstrated a decreased intake of calcium (p=0.05), potassium (p=0.008), and niacin (p=0.008) than both the non-sarcopenia ones. Among the four groups, the NMS group showed the highest levels of total cholesterol, obesity, and lowest intake of micronutrients such as calcium, niacin, and potassium. Thus, muscle mass maintenance through weight control and adequate nutrient intake appears to demonstrate a potential association with preventing sarcopenia in Korean middle-aged women.

In this study, data from the 7th (2016~2018) and 8th (2019) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys were used, which included 5,325 subjects. Health behavior, dietary and nutrient intake status, physical measurement and biochemical characteristics, and risk factors for elderly related chronic diseases were classified and analyzed according to the changing composition of single households and other households in the current society. As a result, the ratio of current smokers and drinkers in young adult single households, walking less than 30 minutes per day, subjective health status was poor, breakfast rate less than three times per week, eating out frequency more than once a day, lipid intake ratio to total calories, saturation fatty acid intake were significantly higher. In addition, waist circumference, and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher. However, dietary fiber intake level was significantly lower. The results for hypertension, which is the representative chronic disease that causes old age-related chronic diseases, were significantly higher in single households (ORs=1.400 (95% CI: 1.095, 1.791), p=0.007). Although young adults may not have showed particularly serious health problems yet, education is believed as important to recognize and prevent age-related disease risk factors.

질환(vyādhi), 곧 소변질환(prameha)은 병인, 도샤와 조직의 균형 상태가 깨질 때 발현을 한다. 그러므로 이러한 병인, 도샤와 조직이 무엇인지, 무슨 작용과 기능이 있는지를 아는 것이 중요하다. 소변질환에는 ①까파 도샤로부터 발병한 소변질환, ②삣따 도샤로부터 발병한 소변질환과 ③바따 도샤로부터 발병한 소변질환이 있다. ①에는 열 가지, ②는 여섯 가지, 그리고 ③은 네 가지 소변질환이 있다. 이들 소변질환 가운데 ①은 치료할 수 있고, ② 는 치료는 잘 안되지만 완화는 할 수 있으며, ③은 거의 치료할 수 없다고 한다. 이들에 대한 대표적인 치료법에는 식이요법, 제거요법과 완화요법이 있다. 이들 가운데 식이요법에 대한 내용이 가장 많고, 또한 각 도샤별로 음식물의 조리법(pāka)이 제시되어 있다. 여기서 특이할 것은 음식물 가운데 가장 많이 사용하는 빈도는 보리와 꿀이다. 이들은 우리의 일상생활에서 건강 유지에 필수적인 것으로 간주되듯이 아유르베다에서도 만성 질환인 소변 질환의 치료와 완화에 가장 많이 사용되고 있다는 점이다.