목초의 재생에 따른 칼륨(K)및 마그네슘(Mg)함량의 변화를 알아보기 위해 6가지 목초에 대해 수정액중의 K2O농도를 10 ppm및 300ppm으로 하여 수경재배실험을 수행했다. 약간의 예외가 있었으나 2처리구 모두 예취회수가 늘어갈수록 목초중 칼륨함량이 낮아졌으며, 이러한 경향은 콩과보다 화본과목초에서 두드러졌다.한편 목초중 마그네슘 량은 예취회수가 많아질수록 증가했다. 제 1차 예취때 높은 칼륨함량과 낮은 마그네슘함량으로 인해 K/Mg 함량비가

목본식물에 대한 Al독성에 관한 기초자료를 얻고자, Al농도별(1.0, 2.5및 5.0mM)수용액과 지하수에 수경삽목한 개나리삽수의 생장관련형질(신초의 생장, 엽수, 엽피해율 및 엽록소함량)을 처리간 비교하였다. 모든 생장관련형질들(신초의 생장, 엽수, 엽피해율 및 엽록소함량)에서 처리간 고도의 통계적 유의차가 인정되었으며. 1.0mM 정도의 Al수용액도 개나리삽수의 생장을 현저히 억제하였다.

This study aimed to find a suitable size and a seedling raising stage for growing cuttings of Euonymus fortunei ‘Emerald and Gold’ using plug trays. The experimental method, involved cutting two nodes from a solitary branch of E. fortunei ‘Emerald and Gold’, and the use of 32 (143 mL/cell), 50 (70 mL/cell), 105 (18 mL/cell), 200 (13 mL/cell) plug trays. The cuttings were transplanted to trays after they were filled with a universal horticultural medium. To compare the growths, plant heights, the numbers of leaves, longest root lengths, thickness/radius ratios, dry weights, and fresh weights were measured from July to October, and statistical analyses were performed using both the two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s post-test. The results confirmed that the size of the plug tray and the seedling raising stage had a significant effect on the growth of E. fortunei ‘Emerald and Gold.’ In addition, the overall growth was high and the change in growth was relatively rapid in districts 50 and 105. Therefore, it can be considered appropriate to use 50 and 105 trays when growing cuttings of E. fortunei ‘Emerald and Gold’ on plug trays.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of rooting promoters on rooting and seedling quality in Buddleja davidii ‘Empire Blue’, Hydrangea paniculata ‘Magical Candle’, Hydrangea arborescence ‘Annabelle’, Stephanandra incisa semi-hardwood cuttings. IAA and IBA (500, 1000, or 1500 mg･L-1 soaking for 30 minutes and 3,000 mg･L-1 dipping for 10 seconds) or RootoneTM were used as rooting promoter. In B. davidii ‘Empire Blue’, IBA 1,500 mg･L-1 soaking reduced rooting percentage than control, but the effect of rooting promoters was generally insignificant. Number of leaves and shoot length were reduced in RootoneTM and IBA 1,500, 3,000 mg･L-1 treatments. IAA 1,000~3,000 mg･L-1 and IBA 500 mg･L-1 treatments showed better mat formation than control. The rooting ratio of H. paniculata ‘Magical Candle’ increased to 66.7% in IBA 1,500 mg･L-1 soaking treatment compared with 26.4% in the control. The mat formation was higher in RootoneTM, IAA and IBA treatments compared to control, and root length showed longer tendency in IAA and IBA except RootoneTM. The rooting ratio of H. arborescence ‘Annabelle’ was highest at 70.8% in the control and auxin treatments showed negative effect on the rooting percentage except IAA 1,000 mg･L-1 soaking treatment. The mat formation was very poor in IBA 1,000 and 1,500 mg･L-1 soaking at 1.1 and 1.3, respectively. S. incisa showed high rooting percentage at RootoneTM (80%) and IAA 1,500 mg･L-1 (80%) treatments compared to control (51.7%). Root length and dry weight were high in IAA 1,500 mg･L-1 soaking treatment. As a result, B. davidii ‘Empire Blue’ and H. arborescence ‘Annabelle’ did not need rooting promoter for stem cuttings, and IBA 1,500 mg･L-1, IAA 1,500 mg･L-1 soaking treaments could be used to improve rooting and seedling quality of H. paniculata ‘Magical Candle’ and S. incisa semi-hardwood cuttings, respectively.

This study was carried out to compare the survival and mutation rates and mutation spectrum by gamma-irradiation on rooted and unrooted cuttings of three spray type (‘Lovelydia’, ‘Yellowbabe’, and ‘Haetsal’) and two standard type (‘Vital’ and ‘Aqua’) cultivars in roses. Two groups, rooted and unrooted cuttings were gamma-irradiated at 70Gy for 24 hours. The irradiated rooted and unrooted cuttings were planted in a greenhouse, and survival, mutation rates and mutation spectrum were investigated 30 weeks after planting, respectively. As a result, survival and mutation rates ofgamma-ray irradiated plants were 16.4%~50.8% and 0~5.1% for unrooted cuttings, and 39.4%~55.1% and 0.7%~7.4% for rooted cuttings, respectively. In conclusion, both survival and mutation rates were a little higher on rooted cuttings than on unrooted cuttings. However, when only survived plants after gamma-ray irradiation were considered, mutation rates were 0~10% and 1.8%~14.1% for unrooted cuttings and rooted cuttings, respectively, showing no significant difference. In addition, diverse variations on color and number of petals or shape of flowers were detected both in plants from rooted and unrooted cuttings, which indicated that there was no significant difference in mutation spectrum between two groups.

Background: Planting vigorous cuttings that quickly develop shoots and roots is essential to the biological and economic success of producing medicinal flowers. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of storage temperature and duration on seedling capacity in the propagation of Chrysanthemum indicum L. and to investigate the effect of rooting media on the growth of C. indicum L. after cutting.Methods and Results:Returning cuttings to supplemental cold storage (2.0 ± 1.0°C) may extend duration of cutting viability 6 weeks, returning cuttings to supplemental warm storage (25.0 ± 1.0°C) is not recommended. The treatment of the growing media experiments, which were conducted in the 2014 planting seasons, included sawdust, river sand, topsoil + sawdust, topsoil + poultry manure, sawdust + river sand, river sand + poultry manure, topsoil + river sand + poultry manure, topsoil + poultry manure + river sand + sawdust. Result indicated that the topsoil + poultry manure media performed best and supported the highest number of branches (3.47), branch length (26.39), and number of leaves (88.63).Conclusions:The results of the present study suggest that cold storage and the topsoil + poultry manure growth media was superior in supporting the early establishment of C. indicum cutting, this result will have a tremendous influence on propagation of this species.

Background : This study was carried out to survey the effect of IBA (indole-3-butric acid) concentration on root development characteristics in Viburnum dilatatum cuttings. Methods and Results : The cuttings were collected on July 28, 2016 from plants growing in Korea National Arboretum. Cuttings were treated with different IBA concentrations [0 (control), 10, 100, 1000, 2000 ㎎⋅L-¹] for 10 seconds. Rooting parameters (root number, the longest root length, root fresh weight, root dry weight, rooting percentage, and survival rate) were observed at 8 weeks after cuttings. Rooting percentage was 43, 33, 17, 47, and 40 % at 0, 10, 100, 1000, and 2000 ㎎⋅L-¹ of IBA, respectively. Root number (13.4) was highest under 1000 ㎎⋅L-¹ IBA. Root length (9.4 ㎝) and Root weight (fresh and dry) were highest under 1000 ㎎⋅L-¹ IBA. Conclusion : According to the results, 1000 ㎎⋅L-¹ IBA was the best treatment for increasing percentage rooting percentage and other root development characteristics of V. dilatatum cuttings.

The study was conducted on the effects of time of defoliation on fruit quality of pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) trees, managing with low-pesticides, and regrowth of stem cuttings in vitro. Treatments included for 40% of uniform defoliation at early-August, end-August, and early-September, as well as control (no defoliation). Defoliation at early-September and control increased growth of water sprouts as well as concentrations of carbohydrates, total nitrogen, and free sugar in one-year old shoots. Defoliation at early-September and control increased fruit yield and mean fruit weight, with high soluble solids content and fruit surface color of a* observed for both defoliation at end-August and early-September. Defoliation at early-August increased rates of electrolyte leakage in stem cuttings at -18℃ in vitro. There were no significantly different for germination rates of the cuttings between the treatments at -18 and -21℃ in vitro, with the highest germination of the cuttings observed for defoliation at early-September and control at -27℃. Therefore, orchard management should be performed to be minimized for defolia-tion of the spur leaves until end-August, causing from precipitation and pests.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of shading degree and rooting media on the growth of Caragana sinica and Sedum middendorffianum after cutting. In C. sinica, the highest rooting rate was obtained in cuttings planted in horticultural soil (Sunshine Mix #1) and peat moss mixture (peat moss : perlite = 1 : 1, v/v) under one layer of 35% shading and in cuttings planted in kanumatsuchi soil mixture (kanumatsuchi soil : decomposition of granite = 1 : 1, v/v) under non-shading. Whereas, regardless of shading degree, most cuttings of S. middendorffianum rooted in both horticultural soil and peat moss mixture. Cuttings of C. sinica showed the highest root length, 10.4㎝ in kanumatsuchi soil mixture under one layer of 35% shading but the highest fresh and dry weight of roots in kanumatsuchi soil mixture under non-shading. In S. middendorffianum, the highest root length, fresh and dry weight of root were obtained in cuttings planted in horticultural soil under non-shading. With these results, we recommended that cuttings of C. sinica should be propagated in kanumatsuchi soil mixture under non-shading and cuttings of S. middendorffianum in horticultural soil under non-shading.

클레마티스의 번식은 종자 및 삽목번식으로 하는데, 삽목 성공 률이 낮아 번식에 어려움이 있다. 이에 효과적인 번식법으로 삽목 번식 방법을 구명하고자 클레마티스 삽수를 채취하여 유리온실에 서 본 실험을 수행하였다. 삽수길이는 1마디와 2마디 길이로 하였 으며, 배지는 단용배지로 피트모스, 펄라이트, 버미큘라이트, 발근 제는 IBA 4000mg·L-1 3초 침지, IBA 500mg·L-1 30분 침지와 루 톤을 처리하였다. 클레마티스의 발근기간은 약 10주가 소요되었 다. 클레마티스의 삽수 마디길이를 2마디보다 1마디로 하였을 경 우 발근율이 약 43% 증가하였다. 1마디 삽수의 경우 발근제 루톤 분의 처리 시 발근율은 대조구보다 약 7% 더 향상되었다. 따라서, 삽수 양이나 삽목 후 관리를 고려할 때, 1마디 삽수를 이용하는 것 이 효과적인 것으로 보인다. 배지와 발근제에 따른 발근율은 버미 큘라이트와 IBA 4,000mg·L-1 처리에서 96%로 가장 높았으며, 뿌 리수와 뿌리 길이도 IBA 4,000mg·L-1 및 루톤 처리에서 우수하였 다. 즉, 1마디 삽수를 버미큘라이트 배지에 삽목한 경우 발근율은 평균 약 80-83%로 피트모스와 펄라이트보다 약 25-29%, 13-39% 더 높았으며, 버미큘라이트 배지에 IBA 4,000mg·L-1 침지처리 시 발근율이 89-96%로 9-13%가 더 증가되어 가장 효과적이었다

This experiment was carried out to establish the optimum cutting time, plant growth regulator, and bed-soilfor rooting by greenwood cutting of Schisandra chinensis. Approximately 7㎝ long-shoots of greenwood cuttings weretransplanted by various cutting times, plant growth regulators, and bed-soils in the plastic-film house. The rooting rate ofgreenwood cutting was 12.5% in the April 5th, 73.5% in the May 8th, and 75.5% in the August 5th. The number and lengthof primary root in greenwood cutting were more in the early May than those in the early August. For mass propagation ofSchisandra chinensis. using greenwood cutting, shoots were treated with plant growth regulators on May to increase rootingrate. Rooting rate was 100% with IAA 50㎎/ℓ,92.9% with NAA 100㎎/ℓ,and NAA 1,000㎎/ℓ,for 60 min. To selecteffective media for rooting, various medias for bed-soil were treated by single and mixture form for 100 days after cutting.Rooting rate was 91.8% in the single treatment of peat moss or decomposition of granite soil, and this result was better thanthose in other treatment. The treatment by 1:1 mixture of peat moss and horticulture bed soil was rooting with 94.0% bestrooting rate.

The cutting propagation of Illicium religiosum Sieb. et Zucc was effective such as hardwood cutting was done in May and softwood cutting was done on in July. The optimal soil composition for rooting was 1:1:1(vermiculite, peatmoss and perlite). The result was that the softwood cuttings done in July took roots in every bed; especially, cuttings in the bed processed with 1,000 mg/L IBA showed the best result: 90% of rooting rate, 13.5 in number of rooting, and about 8cm of root length. Hardwood cutting done in May showed that the bed processed with 1,000 mg/L IBA resulted in 90% of rooting rate; the bed processed with 1,000 mg/L IBA + 1,000 mg/L NAA showed 80% of rooting rate; the number of main roots and the length of roots were also satisfying. For the cuttings of I. religiosum "Variegata" Sieb. et Zucc, the result was less satisfying than that of I. religiosum Sieb. et Zucc, but it was proved that even the cuttings of “Variegata” took roots in the bed processed with 100 mg/L IBA and 1,000 mg/L/ IBA.

Lord's Holly tree(Ilex rotunda) has shown different rooting rates depending on the time and conditions of cutting. The best result, 100 percent of rooting, could be accomplished in early November when cuttings were done on the mixture-soil containing the same rates by volume of vermiculite, peatmoss and perlite with cuts processed with IBA 1,000 mg/l + NAA 1.000 mg/l under the circumstances that 70% of shade, plastic mulching, and mist were conditioned. Even though cuttings processed with plant growth regulator, IBA 1,000 mg/l, showed a little bit lower rate of rooting than those processed with IBA 1,000 mg/l + NAA 1,000 mg/l, it should be considered that the former was better than the latter regarding the number of roots and root length. However it should be further studied about how to utilize re-juvenile cutting of adult trees to propagate in a large quantity female Ilex rotunda which propagates in dioecism.

2002년 6월 26일, 8월 3일 및 9월 4일에 당년 발생한 덩굴에서 정부 중부 기부의 2마디씩 채취하여 삽목하였고, 2002년 7월 10일에 삽수의 마디수를 1~4개로 달리하여 삽목하여 겨울딸기의 발근 및 신초생육을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 발근율은 8월 2일 삽목구에서 69.6%로 가장 높았고 근장은 6월 26일 삽목구에서 23.1 cm로 가장 길었다. 9월 4일 삽목구의 발근율 및 신초 생육이 현저히 떨어졌다. 삽수 채취 부위별 발근율은 덩굴 중간부위에서 55.4%로 가장 높았으며 그 다음이 정단부위에서 45.6%이었고 기부에서 25.4%로 가장 낮았다. 다른 형질들은 삽수 채취부위에 따른 차이가 없었다. 발근율과 신초발생률은 삽수마디수에 따른 차이가 없었으나 삽수당 근수 및 뿌리 건물중, 신초 생육은 삽수마디수가 많을수록 증가되었다.

The effect of boron and aluminum on the development of adventitious roots was studied in sunflower cuttings. Three-day-old seedlings were de-rooted and grown in nutrient solutions with or without boron and supplemented with different concentrations (from 50 to 700 μM) of aluminum. The number and length of the adventitious roots and proline content in adventitious roots in response to insufficient boron and aluminum stress were determined periodically. The micronutrient boron caused the development of numerous roots in the lower parts of the hypocotyl. A dose-response of boron-induced rooting yielded an optimum concentration of 0.1 mM boron. In the absence of boron, in the majority of the adventitious roots, a significant inhibition was observed with or without aluminum, indicating that the most apparent symptom of boron deficiency is the cessation of root growth. Increasing concentrations of aluminum caused progressive inhibition of growth and rooting of the hypocotyls, and a parallel increase in proline levels of adventitious roots. Supplemental boron ameliorated the inhibitory effect of aluminum, suggesting that aluminum could inhibit root growth by inducing boron deficiency. Ascorbate added to medium in the absence of boron improved root growth and induced a significant decrease in proline levels. These findings suggest that adventitious root growth inhibition resulting from either boron deficiency or aluminum toxicity may be a result of impaired ascorbate metabolism.

옻나무의 근삽에 의한 묘목생산에 있어서 적정삽목 시기와 삽수의 절단 여부에 따른 신초발생율과 묘소질을 조사하였다. 삽목시기가 빠를수록 신초는 3-4주 후부터 발생하여 늦은 경향이었으나 삽식 10주 후의 신초 형성율은 높은 경 향이었는데 3월 15일과 25일 및 4월 5일 삽목구는 84% 이상이었으며, 신초는 삽목시기가 늦을수록 각시기별로 고르게 발생하는 경향이었다. 묘소질은 4월 5일과 3월 25일 삽목구가 수장, 주당 분지수, 엽수, 경직경 및 엽면적 모두 가장 양호하였다. 절단하지 않은 삽수로부터 신초의 발생은 2주 후부터 시작되었으나 절단한 삽수로부터는 3주 후부터 시작되어 약 1주일이 늦었다. 그러나 삽식 6주 이후부터 10 cm의 크기로 절단한 삽수의 신초발생율은 급격히 증가하여 10주 후에는 84%이었으나 절단하지 않은 삽수의 신초발생율은 54%로 매우 낮았다. 절단하지 않은 삽수의 묘가 경시적으로는 양호하였으나, 수장, 분지수 및 경직경 등은 통계적인 유의성이 인정되지 않았다.

본 연구는 병꽃나무의 화훼작목화를 목적으로 적정 삽목번식 방법을 개발하기 위하여 실시하였다. 병꽃나무의 삽목에 적합한 삽목용토를 개발하기 위하여, 모래, 펄 라이트, 질석 단용과 질석 : 펄라이트(1:1) 혼용처리한 용토에 삽목한 결과 숙지삽, 녹지삽, 반숙지삽 공히 펄라이트 처리구에서 가장 높은 발근율을 보였다. 특히 녹지삽은 모든 처리구에서 70.0~76.7%의 발근율을 보여, 숙지삽에 비해 약2.8배 정도 높은 발근율을 보였다. 병꽃나무의 삽목발근에 미치는 생장조절제의 영향을 조사한 결과 숙지삽의 경우에는 생장조절제의 종류에 관계없이 농도가 높을수록 대조구에 비해 발근이 촉진되는 경향이었다. 특히 NAA 500mg. L-1처리구에서 80.0%로 가장 높은 발근율을 나타냈다. 녹지삽의 경우에는 대조구를 제외한 모든 처리구에서 80%이상의 발근율을 보였으며, 특히 NAA 100, 500mg.L-1와 IAA 1000mg.L-1처리구에서 96.7%의 가장 높은 발근율을 보였다. 반숙지삽의 발근율 또한 생장조절제의 종류에 관계없이 농도가높을수록 발근율이 높아지는 경향을 보였던 반면 고농도인 1000mg.L-1처리구에서는 억제되는 것으로 나타났다. NAA 농도 및 침지시간에 따른 발근율은 숙지삽의 경우 농도가 높을수록, 침지시간이 길수록 양호한 경향이었다 녹지삽은 침지 시간이 길수록 현저하게 향상되었으며, 특히 500mg.L-1, 30분 침지처리구에서 100%의 발근을 보였다. 반숙지삽의 경우는 처리농도가 높을수록 또한 침지시간이 길수록 발근율이 양호하였으나, 녹지 및 숙지를 삽수로 했던 것에 비해 그 정도는 낮았다.