본 연구는 국내에서 사용되는 산란계 사육 형태에 따른 산란계의 생산성, 계란 품질, 혈액 성상, 동물복지 지표를 비교 평가하고자 하였다. 35주령의 Hy-Line Brown 256수를 대상으로 10주간 실험을 진행하였다. 세 처리구로 하였으며 무작위 배치하였다. Con(관행 배터리 케이지, 0.05 m2/bird), ConD+(개선된 밀도의 배터리 케이지, 0.075 m2/bird), FC(개선형 케이지, 0.075 m2/bird). 산란율과 산란량은 Con과 ConD+에서 FC보다 유의하게 높았고, 난중은 FC에서 유의하게 높았다. 계란 품질에서는 Haugh unit과 난백고는 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 난황색과 난각 두께, 난각 강도, 난각 밝기 등 일부 지표에서 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 혈청 생화학 지표는 대부분 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 포도당 농도는 FC에서 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다. Corticosterone 농도는 유의한 차이는 없었지만 FC에서 높은 경향을 보였으며, 깃털 손상도는 FC에서 유의적으로 가장 높은 값을 나타내었다. 본 연구 결과는 넓은 공간과 개선된 환경이 반드시 생산성과 복지를 동시에 향상시키지 않으며, 활동성 증가 및 사회적 상호작용에 따른 부정적 영향이 나타날 수 있음을 시사하며, 추후 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

This study analyzed the impact of agricultural ODA on agricultural productivity in recipient countries. Specifically, it categorized agricultural ODA by donor global and Korea and evaluated agricultural productivity in recipient countries in terms of agricultural total factor productivity, agricultural land productivity, and agricultural labor productivity. Results indicated that agricultural ODA contributed to improvements in recipient countries’ agricultural productivity with a certain time lag. In particular, the effect of agricultural ODA on labor productivity appeared relatively immediate, while its impact on land productivity gradually became evident over time. Although global agricultural ODA showed a greater contribution to enhancing agricultural productivity in recipient countries than K orea’s a gricultural ODA, K orea’s O DA w as a lso found to b e effective in improving productivity. These results suggest that consistent funding is necessary as agricultural ODA affects productivity in recipient countries over time.

Dietary fiber plays a important role in improving gut micriobiome and reproductive performance in gestating sows. This study aimed to evaluate effects of dietary supplementation with domestically produced alfalfa, provided in pelleted or mashed form, on body weight, body condition, litter performance, fecal score and fecal microbiome in gestating sows. A total of nine crossbred F1 gilts (Yorkshire × Landrace) with an average body weight of 230.33 ± 12.63 kg at 50 days of gestation were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments (n = 3 per treatment): (1) control (CON, basal diet), (2) Pellet (basal diet + 10% pelleted alfalfa), and (3) Mash (basal diet + 10% mashed alfalfa). Results indicated that alfalfa supplementation had no significant effect on weight gain during gestation (p>0.05), although sows in both alfalfa-supplemented groups showed numerically reduced weight loss during lactation compared to the control. The mashed alfalfa improved average daily weight gain of piglets during lactation (p<0.05). Moreover, the pelleted alfalfa alleviated constipation and numerically increased the relative abundance of positive microbes such as Firmicutes (phylum level), Lactobacillaceae and Ruminococcaceae (family level), and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Lactobacillus, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG_002 (genus level) (p<0.05). On the other hands, it numerically decreased the relative abundance of negative microbes such as Proteobacteria in phylum level and Escherichia_Shigella in genus level. These findings suggest that domestically grown alfalfa, particularly in pellet or mash form, may be a valuable dietary fiber source for gestating sows to support piglet performance, gut health, and welfare. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to confirm these effects.

본 연구는 중부지역에서 사료작물인 수단그라스 교잡종(Sorghum x Sudangrass hybrid, SX-17)의 기후 영향에 대한 취약성을 평가하고 생산성에 영향을 미치는 주요 기후 요인을 규명하고자 2017년부터 2018년까지 충청북도 충주와 충청남도 청양에서 현장 실험을 수행하였으며, 기후 취약성은 농촌진흥청에서 정의한 지수를 활용하여 평가하고 기온 및 강수량 자료는 기상청에서 제공받았다. 2018년의 수단그라스 교잡종의 생초 및 건물 수량은 고온과 가뭄 스트레스로 인해 2017년에 비해 현저히 감소하였고, 두 지역 모두 2010년 이후 기후 취약성 증가 추세를 보였으며 2018년에 최대값인 0.7에 도달하였고, 이러한 결과는 극한 기상 현상이 사료작물 생산성에 부정적인 영향을 미친다는 점을 부각시 키며 기후영향 취약성 평가는 기후변화 시나리오 하에서 효과적인 농업 적응 전략 수립을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있음을 시사한다.

This research aimed to investigate heterogeneity regarding governance, agricultural productivity, and food security between developed and developing nations. Utilizing a three-stage least squares (3SLS) simultaneous equation model, this study found that governance could positively impact food security through capital accumulation and agricultural productivity in both developed and developing countries. However, the magnitude of these effects differed significantly between country groups, with developed countries showing stronger governance-food security linkages than developing countries. This study reaffirms the importance of governance while showcasing its potential to vary based on a country’s economic level. Additionally, it sheds comprehensive light on impacts of agricultural production and agricultural capital accumulation on food security.

Cool-season grasses are currently widely used in South Korea, but their productivity and quality may decline due to global warming associated with climate change. Warm-season grasses have shown greater adaptability to heat stress and drought conditions, making them potential alternatives for summer pasture establishment in central and southern Korea. This study aimed to compare the growth characteristics, productivity, and forage value of warm-season grasses bermudagrass and crabgrass for pasture establishment in the central region of South Korea. The experiment was conducted from May 2023 to October 2024 at the National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan, South Korea. Crabgrass exhibited superior initial establishment and faster growth rates, whereas bermudagrass had poor initial growth, placing it at a competitive disadvantage against weeds. However, after the first cutting, bermudagrass successfully established itself and maintained a stable botanical composition. The annual dry matter productivity of crabgrass (8,586 kg/ha in 2023 and 12,013 kg/ha in 2024) was 32.62% and 40.18% higher, respectively, than that of bermudagrass (5,785 kg/ha in 2023 and 8,570 kg/ha in 2024). In forage value, crabgrass tended to show higher feed value at the initial harvest, while bermudagrass showed higher quality at the later harvests. In conclusion, these results suggest that both crabgrass and bermudagrass have potential for pasture establishment, with carbgrass being more suitable for short-term due to its rapid growth and high productivity, and bermudagrass being more appropriate for long-term due to its stable productivity in regions where overwintering in possible.

A total of 225, 3 weeks old weaned pigs of the Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc breeds with initial average body weight (BW) of 6.25±0.6 kg were randomly assigned to 3 different treatments based on their BW, with each having 5 replicates. Each replicate contained 15 pigs, resulting in 75 pigs per treatment group. The treatment included a basal diet (CON), CON + allicin and cinnamaldehyde mixture 500 ppm (ALI), CON + Bacillus-based probiotics 500 ppm (PRO) tested for 42 days in a 3-phase feeding program (0–14 as phase 1, days 15–28 as phase 2, and days 29–42 as phase 3). Result shows final BW (6.3%) and average daily gain (9.0%) in the overall phase were higher (p<0.05) in PRO compared with CON. At d 14, the level of Escherichia coli was lower (p<0.05) in ALI (12.0%) and PRO (13.2%) over CON. At days 28 (14.6%) and 42 (12.8%), the level of Escherichia coli was lower (p<0.05) in PRO compared with CON. The level of tumor necrosis factor-α was lower (p<0.05) in PRO over CON (15.0%). Superoxide dismutase (9.2%) and immunoglobulin A (19.4%) were higher (p<0.05) in PRO over CON. We concluded that dietary PRO at 500 ppm showed better performance in piglets by enhancing their growth performance and health.

우리나라의 식량자급률은 49.3% 정도이며, 이중 쌀, 고구 마, 감자 등은 자급률이 높으나 콩, 보리쌀, 옥수수, 밀 등은 자 급률이 낮다. 또한 1인당 연간 쌀 소비량은 갈수록 감소하고 있 고, 과잉 생산에 의해 쌀 가격의 경쟁력 또한 저하되고 있는 실 정이다. 따라서 기존 쌀 중심의 논 이용 작부체계에서 벗어나 다양한 작물을 재배할 수 있는 밭 이용 작부체계로의 전환이 필요하다. 이 시험에서는 남부지역 밭 재배 콩 - 양파 작부체계 에서의 품종 및 파종(정식) 시기에 따른 작부체계 성립 가능성 및 생산성을 구명하고자 하였다. 경남 창녕군 관내 밭 포장에 서 시험을 수행하였으며 작물 별 재배 기간은 양파는 2022년 10월에서 2023년 6월까지, 콩은 2023년 6월부터 2023년 10 월까지였다. 양파는 로망(조생종), 탱크(중생종), 카타마루(중 만생종)의 3종을, 콩은 선유2호(단기성 두부 및 장류용 콩), 대 찬, 태광(이상 일반 두부 및 장류용 콩)의 3종을 시험품종으로 각각 선정하였다. 또한 콩의 파종 시기는 6월 중순(조기), 6월 하순(적기) 및 7월 상순(만기)의 3시기로, 양파의 정식 시기는 10월 하순(조기), 11월 상순(적기), 11월 중순(만기)으로 각각 설정하였다. 주요조사항목은 시험기간 중 기상 상황, 작물 재 배 전·후 토양 화학성, 작물 생육, 수량 특성 및 경제성 등이다. 콩과 양파의 재배기간 중 평균 기온과 강수량은 평년보다 높아 서 고온, 다우의 기상 특성을 보였다. 시험 포장의 토양 화학성 분석 결과, 콩 재배 시 토양 산도 개량, 양이온 무기성분 함량 증 가 및 질소 축적 등의 효과가 있는 것으로 생각된다. 양파에서 는 조생종인 로망의 수확기가 시험 품종 중 가장 빨랐다. 또한 정식기에 따른 양파 수확기는 모든 시험 품종에서 차이가 없었 다. 반면 중생종인 탱크와 중만생종인 카타마루의 상품 수량 및 경제성(소득)은 로망보다 높았다. 정식기에 따른 양파 상품 수량 및 경제성(소득)은 모든 품종에서 차이가 없었다. 콩에서 는 단기성 품종인 선유2호의 수확기가 태광 및 대찬보다 빨랐 다. 선유2호 및 태광에서는 파종기에 따라서 수확기에 차이가 있었으나, 대찬에서는 모든 파종기에서 수확기가 동일했다. 상품수량 및 경제성(소득)은 대찬이 태광, 선유2호보다 높았 다. 작물 별 파종(정식)기, 수확기에 따른 후작물 재배 포장 준 비 기간과 경제성(소득) 등을 고려했을 때, 콩(품종 : 대찬, 파 종기 : 6월 하순) － 양파(품종 : 탱크, 정식기 : 11월 상순)의 작 부 체계가 본 시험에서는 가장 적절한 것으로 판단된다.

This study was conducted to investigate changes in the productivity of Italian ryegrass seeds according to the timing of harvest after heading in the southern region. The Italian ryegrass variety ‘Greencall’ was sown in Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do, in the fall of 2022. Four harvest timings were tested (30, 40, 50, and 60 days after heading), with a randomized complete block design and three replicates. Sowing in the test plots took place on October 10, 2022, and harvesting was carried out from 30 days after heading on May 18 to 60 days. The plant height was the longest (99.1 cm) in the plot harvested 30 days after heading and decreased as the harvest was delayed. No significant differences were observed among treatments in terms of lodging resistance, disease resistance, and cold resistance. However, lodging severity increased over time after heading (7∼9). Disease incidence was also higher in plots harvested 50 and 60 days after heading. The length of the spike was shortest (38.76 cm) in the plot harvested 50 days after heading, and the number of seeds per spike was the lowest (42 seeds/spike) in the plot harvested 60 days after heading. The dry matter content of seeds increased with the delay in harvest, while dry matter yield decreased, with the lowest yield observed in the plot harvested 40 days after heading (3,031 kg/ha, p<0.05). The dry matter content of seed straw was highest at 75.73% in the plot harvested 50 days after heading and dropped to 34.99% 60 days after heading due to rainfall. The dry matter productivity of the seed straw was the lowest in the plot harvested 40 days after heading. The feed value of the seed straw also decreased with delayed harvest, with an average RFV (Relative Feed Value) of 91. In conclusion, the optimal harvest timing for fall-sown Italian ryegrass intended for seed production in the southern region appears to be 30 days after heading.

In order to develop a stable production and delicious unique cultivar of beech mushrooms, we generated hybrids using wild resources collected domestically, and we developed excellent strains by identifying the mycelial cultivability of the hybrid strains. The developed strains were cultivated according to the type of spawn and incubation time, and strains with excellent yield and shape were first selected, and second strains with less bitterness and excellent taste were selected through quantitative descriptive analysis. This was verified in farms, and ‘HM6-6’, which had a good reputation in the field, was directly developed cultivars as ‘Maruking’. In addition, the yield was high overall in the 90-day culture of the growth substrate inoculated with solid spawn, and the ‘Maruking’ cultivar, was also best in the 90-day culture. The yield was high overall in the 75-day culture of the liquid spawn, but ‘Maruking’ showed excellent yield when cultured for 70 days.

This study aims to examine total factor productivity (TFP) and its determinants in offshore fisheries under the worsening fishing environment and to propose policy improvement based on the estimation results. We identified a decline in TFP of offshore fisheries from 2012 to 2020 employing the global Malmquist productivity index (GMPI), with the primary cause being the regression of the production possibility frontier due to the reduction of fishery resources. Moreover, utilizing the system generalized method of moments (GMM), we found that the determinants, such as the cessation of operations in Japan’s EEZ, vessel age, fishing experience, and oil prices, contribute to a decrease in the TFP of offshore fisheries. Therefore, this study suggests implementing a total allowable catch (TAC)-centered fishery resource management policy, along with reducing loan interest rates and extending the repayment period for the vessel modernization project. Furthermore, it is necessary to improve the TFP of offshore fisheries by providing regular training for fishermen, implementing the tax-free petroleum stockpiling project, and developing alternative fishing grounds.

Cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L,. var. cerasiforme Mill.) is small fruits with a bright red color resembling a cherry and having an excellent taste, sweet and juicy ambience. So far, no cherry tomato variety was registered in Ethiopia. Consequently, six genotypes were imported from National Institute of Horticulture and Herbal Sciences (NIHHS), Rural Development Administration (RDA) Republic of Korea, and field experiment was conducted in RCBD with three replications at six Ethiopian testing sites, with irrigation, during off-seasons of 2021 and 2022 to identify high yielding, well adapted and good quality varieties. The overall analysis of variance across locations and years showed non-significant difference among the genotypes for marketable and total yields. But separate analysis for each site has revealed significant differences among genotypes at Melkassa, Koka, Adami- Tulu and Fogera, unlike that of Kulumsa and Woramit. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) among these genotypes for fruit numbers per plant, average fruit weight, fruits per cluster, plant height, skin thickness, juice volume and total soluble solid. Wonhong No.3 gave higher marketable (24.49 t/ha) and total (26.19 t/ha) yields, and generally Wonhong Nos.3 and 5 had higher yields and good qualities across these tested locations and years. Hence, Wonhong No.3 (designated as Jorgie-1) was registered for its higher yield, non-cracking, good TSS and color, while Wonhong No.5 (renamed as Jorgie-2) was preferred for its smaller fruit size, reasonable yield and quality (TSS, color, non-cracking). Hence, both varieties were officially registered in 2023 season for commercial production in different agro-ecologies of Ethiopia, and they are believed to add more economic and nutritional values for the tomato producers and the consumers. They can also support the intensification of tomato cultivation in peri-urban and urban agriculture, where demands and thus government focus are increasingly growing.

This study was conducted to analyze the productivity and economic feasibility of truss-limited tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) grown at a high density in Cambodia during the rainy season. During the rainy season in Cambodia, due to excessive rain and very high temperature, tomatoes cannot grow well in an open field, leading to a greatly reduced yield. High density truss-limited cultivation (HDTLC) of tomatoes can shorten the growing season and increase yields. In conventional cultivation (control), tomatoes were transplanted at a spacing of 70×40 cm and harvested up to the 4th fruit cluster. In HDTLC, tomatoes were transplanted at a spacing of 20×20 cm or 25×25 cm and harvested up to the 2nd fruit cluster. Plant heights in HDTLC were higher than those in the control at 22 days after transplanting (DAT). At 39 DAT, plant heights did not differ between 25×25 cm and control. At 60 DAT, plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, and leaf width of the HDTLC were lower than those of the control. Fruit length and width were also lower in HDTLC compared to those of the control. However, sugar content was more than 19% higher in HDTLC compared to that in the control. Yield per plant of the control was the highest, but yields per ha in HDTLCs were 99% (20×20 cm) and 38% (25×25 cm) higher, respectively, compared to that of the control. No pesticides were used for disease control in this experiment. However, to ensure yield, it is recommended to observe the disease status of plants and spray pesticides at the appropriate time. The disease index (1: disease-free; 5: all leaves were disease-infected) of late blight (Phytophthora indestans) was significantly higher for 20×20 cm (4.5) and 25×25 cm (3.6) groups compared to the control (2.0). Income with 20×20 cm (5,668 thousand KRW) and 25×25 cm (1,863 thousand KRW) were 4.9 and 1.6 times higher, respectively, compared to that with the control (1,149 thousand KRW). So, we want to spread the HDTLC technology, which transplanting of tomato seedlings at 20×20 cm intervals and harvests up to 2nd fruit cluster, to Cambodian farmers.