들기름 및 미강유를 베이스로 개발한 혼합 식용유는 오메가-3 지방산인 리놀렌산 함량이 약 20% 정도로 매우 높다. 이는 기존의 일반 식용유 중 오메가-3 지방 함량이 매우 높은 콩기름과 카놀라유의 리놀렌산 함량이 각각 6% 및 10% 내외인 점을 감안하면, 이들 식용유에 비하여 새로 들기름과 미강유를 혼합한 식용유는 2~3배 높은 비율로 오메가-3 지방산을 제공할 수 있어서, 오메가-3 지방산 섭취가 부족한 현대인의 식단에서 중요한 오메가-3 지방산 급원으로서의 역할을 할 수 있을 것이다. 뿐만 아니라, 토코페롤 함량도 약 46.77 ㎎/ 100 g oil 정도인데, 가장 주목할 일은 토코페롤 동족류 중 비타민 E의 활성이 가장 강한 알파-토코페롤(31.71 ㎎/100 g oil)이 가장 많이 존재하여, 총 토코페롤의 64%를 차지하고 있어서 비타민 E로서의 기능이 높다. 혈중 콜레스테롤 함량을 낮추는 기능성이 알려진 파이토스테롤 함량이 들기름과 미강유를 혼합한 식용유에 약 7,200 ppm 함유되어 있어, 일반적인 식용유의 3,000 ppm의 약 2.3배에 달한다. 본 연구에서 개발한 들기름과 미강유를 혼합한 식용유는 일반적인 식용유인 콩기름과 거의 유사한 산화안정성을 갖는 것으로 확인되어, 일반 들기름에 비하여 현저히 높은 산화안정성이 확보되었다.

한국의 농업유전자원센터로부터 분양받은 40점과 국내에서 수집되어진 28점을 포함한 총 68점의 아주까리 유전자원에 대한 종실특성과 지방함량 및 지방산 조성을 구명하고, 그 상호관계를 파악하여 육종 및 재배기술의 기초자료로 이용고자 수행하였으며 요약한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 종실 100립중의 평균은 26.6 g이었으며, 그 범위는 최소 20.1 g부터 최대 37.1 g이었다. 종실 1 l중의 평균은 481.1 g이었으며, 범위는 407.2~531 g이었다. 2. 종실길이의 평균은 12.3 mm이었으며, 범위는 10.1~14.9mm이었고, 종실넓이는 평균 5.7 mm이었으며, 범위는 4.8~6.4mm이었다. 3. 유전자원의 지방함량의 평균은 47.8%이었으며, 그 범위는 최소 41.6%에서 최대 57.2%이었고, 지방함량이 50%이상인 자원은 6종으로서 IT032142, IT104010, IT104993, IT162783, CCB056 및 CCB057이었다. 4. 포화지방산인 palmitic acid(16:0)와 stearic acid(18:0)의 함량의 범위는 각각 0.9~1.8%와 1.0~2.1%이었다. 불포화지방산인 oleic acid(18:1)의 함량의 범위는 3.6~6.5%이었고, linoleic(18:2) 및 linolenic acid(18:3) 함량의 범위는 각각 4.7~7.3% 및 0.5~1.2%이었다. Ricinoleic acid(18:1-OH) 함량의 평균은 86.2%로 아주까리의 지방산에 있어서 대부분을 차지하였고, 범위는 82.5~88.7%이었다. 5. 종실의 지방함량, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic 및 linolenic acid는 ricinoleic acid 및 불포화지방산과는 부의상관, 포화지방산과는 정의 상관이었다. ricinoleic acid는 포화지방산과는 부의 상관, 불포화지방산과는 정의 상관이었고, 포화지방산과 불포화지방산과는 부의 상관이었다.

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of dietary oils on the levels of the γ-linolenic acid in chicken meat lipids. Three hundred ten five, 1-d old, male, Ross strain, broiler chicks were fed for 35 d to compare diets containing evening primrose oil(EPO) and hemp seed oil(HO) to a control diet. Fatty acid composition of lipid from chicken skin, thigh and breast muscle were determined at the end of the trial. The level of γ-linolenic acid of lipids from chicken meat fed diets containing EPO or HO was significantly higher than that of the control group(p〈0.05). The level of γ-linolenic acid of lipids from chicken skin was highest in the group, which had been fed the EPO 0.85%, followed in order by EPO 0.7%, 0.5%, EPO mixed oil, HO and HO mixed oil. There was a significant difference in the level of γ-linolenic acid of chicken skin between the control and treatment groups(p〈0.05). The level of γ-linolenic acid of lipids from chicken thigh muscle was also similar to skin, and significantly higher than that of the control group(p〈0.05). The level of γ-linolenic acid of lipids from chicken breast muscle was highest in the group, which had been fed the EPO 0.5%, followed in order by EPO 0.7%, 0.85%, HO 0.5% and HO mixed oil. There was a significant difference in the level of γ-linolenic acid of chicken breast muscle between the control and treatment groups(p〈0.05).

옥수수기름의 탈취온도가 탈취유의 이화학적 항수, 지방산 조성 및 triglyceride 조성에 미치는 영향을 알아보고 적정 탈취온도 조건을 확립하기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 240~270℃의 탈취온도에서 산값은 240℃ 처리군에서 0,07로 가장 낮았고, 250~270℃에서는 0.08~0.09의 범위를 나타내었다. Lovibond total color는 255℃에서 가장 낮은 24였으며, 과산화물값은 240~270℃ 전구간에서 0을 나타내었으나 235℃에서는 0.42로 과산화물이 완전 제거되지 않아 240℃이상의 탈취온도가 요망되었다. 한편, 탈취온도가 증가할수록 myristic, palmitic, stearic acid 등의 포화지방산 함량이 지속적으로 증가하였고, 특히 탈납유에서는 존재하지 않았던 arachidic acid함량이 급속한 증가 경향을 보였다. 탈취온도에 따라 TG조성도 변화를 보여 250℃ 이상 처리군에서는 S3형 TG가 발견되는등 고온탈취는 탈취유의 이화학적 특성에 좋지 못한 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

The present study was carried out in atheroscleorotic New Zealend white(NZW) rabbits. to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with Korean pinenut oil, on plasma total fatty acid composition. In study I, NZW rabbits were fed 10 weeks on a commercial chow diet supplemented with 5% of energy as fats(soybean oil or pinenut oil) or 10% of energy as fats(soybean oil or pinenut oil) with the addition of 1% cholesterol to the diet. Nineteen fatty acids ranged from myristic acid (14:0) to cervonic acid (22:6 Ω3) were identified in all the samples. The c5, c9, c12~18 : 3 acid was not reported in the fatty acid methyl ester profiles of each group because it was included in the linoleic acid peak. The major constitutent fatty acids in the chow diet group were linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid and α-linolenic acid. In the cholesterol group, oleic acid, linoleic acid and palmitic acid were the major fatty acids. In plasma of cholesterol-fed animals, the levels of 16:1 Ω 7 and 18:1 1 Ω 9 were increased. Linoleic acid was the major fatty acid in soybean oil/cholesterol and pinenut oil/cholesterol groups. Plasma linoleic acid levels were significantly incresed from 4 to 6% by the supplementation of 5% soybean or 5% pinenut oil in the cholesterol diet for 5 weeks, compared to cholesterol group. Plasma 16 : 1 Ω 7 levels in animals fed with 5 or 10% pinenut oils were significantly lower than in those fed cholesterol for 5 weeks. After 10 weeks on the soybean oil and pinenut oil diet there were no significant differences in the fatty acid composition. In study II, the fatty acid composition was not affected by the types or levels of oils supplemented for 5 weeks. After 10 weeks on the oil diets 16:1 Ω 7 and 18:1 Ω 9 were decreased in 10% soybean in oil/cholesterol and 10% pinenut oil/cholesterol groups, compared to cholesterol group.

This study investigated the reaction and variation of fatty acid composition of soybean oil when it is partially hydrogenated until its iodine value(IV) shifts from 134 to 110. Experment was conducted under he outlined reactiion conditions of temperatures(170, 190 and 210℃), pressure(1.3, 2.8 and 4.2atm) and nickel(Ni) catalyst concentraons(0.005, 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1%) with a fixed agitation(350rpm). Further investigation was also made to see the effect of added lecithin on hydrogenation. When reaction temperature was gradually raised and catalyst concentration increased, the content of linolenic acid progressively decreased while the increase amount of stearic acid reduced(P〈0.05). On he other hand when pressure gradually increased, the contents of stearic acid and linolenic acid increased(P〈0.05). Meanwhile when lecithin was added, reaction time increased by two to six times more than when no addition was made.

Effect of perilla oil on the fatty acid composition, ACAT and HMG-CoA reductase in the liver microsomes, or cholesterol and protein in serum of rabbit were examined. 1. The content of total protein in serum was almost same amount of both groups, but α1-globulin and r-globuline were incresed or β-globulin was decresed compared with control. 2. The content of high density lipoprotein incresed, and the content of low density lipoprotein decresed in lipoprotein. 3. Total cholesterol and triglyceride were decresed, and the content of phospholipid was incresed. 4. Perilla oil did not effect for changing blood glucose and Na+, K+ electrolytes. 5. Perilla oil did not effect for changing serum GOT and GPT in rabbit. 6. The activity of ACAT decresed and the activity of HMG-CoA reductase incresed. The activity of ACAT and HMG-CoA reductase in liver microsomes were reciprocal. 7. There were arachidonic acid 20:4, eicosapentaenoic acid 20:5, and docosahexaenoic acid 22:6 in the liver microsomes of rabbits. These highly polyunsaturated fatty acids were convented from linolenic acid 18:3 n-3.

This study was investigated to develop mass evaluation system for the contents of crude protein, oil and fatty acid in soybean germplasm using NIRS. NIRS equations were created with 345 soybeans, multiple correlation coefficients of crude protein, oil, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid between data obtained from NIRS and quantitative analysis were 0.983, 0.969, 0.592, 0.514, 0.978, 0.961 and 0.957, respectively. Equation statistics indicated that contents of crude protein, oil and unsaturated fatty acid except palmitic and stearic acid in soybean seed were suitable for determination by NIRS. Those NIRS equations were applied to examine crude protein, oil and unsaturated fatty acid of 854 soybean landraces from Korea. The average contents and ranges of crude protein and oil were 39.2% with a range of 33.7-47.0% and 15.0% with a range of 9.8-20.3%, individually. In addition, those of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid were 21.4% with a range of 12.1-30.2%, 55.6% with a 47.8-62.3% and 8.1% with a range of 5.9-10.7% respectively. We conducted quantitative analysis to reconfirm with IT154552 (45.1%) and IT023955(46.9%) above 45% of crude protein, the results were similar from NIRS (45.2%, 47.0%). NIRS data for protein from this study made no difference with lab data, which would be useful for mass evaluation. There was negative correlation (-0.203) between crude protein and oil, positive correlation (0.379) between crude oil and oleic acid, and significantly negative correlation (-0.879) between oleic and linoleic acid.

Influences of different seeding dates on growth, seed yield, fatty acid composition and oil content were investigated in flax plants for two years. The results indicated that plant height in early seeding date was higher than that of delayed seeding dates during first season. Furthermore, seeding date also significantly affected the ripened seed rate and the rate increased with the delay in seeding date in first season. Seed yield in the first crop season was significantly higher than the second crop season. Palmitic acid showed variation in different seeding dates. Contrarily, stearic acid was stable and did not changed by different seeding dates. Linolenic acid was found in highest amount in all seeding dates consecutively in two cropping years. Highest oil content was recovered from the seeds of flax sown at 29 Apr. and May 9 in first and second cropping year respectively.

해바라기의 바이오디젤 생산을 위한 품종 육성과 생산기술의 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 한국자원 34종, 미국자원 219종 및 그 외의 다른 국가로부터 도입된 자원 22종을 포함한 총 275종의 유전자원을 농촌진흥청 농업유전자원센터로부터 분양받아 종실특성과 지방함량 및 지방산 변이 조성을 구명한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 종실의 형태는 광난형, 협난형, 원형 및 장형으로 구분되었으며, 광란형이 40.4%로 가장 많았으며, 장형이 5.0%로 가장 적었다. 종실의 과피색은 회색종, 갈색종, 흑색종 및 백색종으로 구분되었고, 회색종과 갈색종이 많았고 백색종이 적었다. 100립중과 1 중의 평균은 각각 6.3 g 및 322.5 g이었고, 분포범위도 각각 2.9~15.5 g 및 178~43 9 g이었다. 2. 해바라기 유전자원의 지방함량의 평균은 25.5%이었고, 그 범위는 11.7~45.6%이었다. 지방함량의 분포는 22~28%의 범위가 가장 많았고, 40%이상이 가장 적었으며, 지방함량이 40%이상으로 높은 유망자원은 미국 도입자원인 IT031967, IT031970 및 IT031965의 3종이었다. 3. 포화지방산인 팔미트산 함량의 평균은 4.7%이었으며, 범위는 3.1~7.6%, 스테아린산 함량의 평균은 2.2%, 범위는 1.3~4.1%이었고, 포화지방산(팔미트산 + 스테아린산) 함량의 평균은 6.9%, 범위는 5.4~9.4%이었다. 4. 불포화지방산인 올레산의 평균함량은 55.2%이었고 18.1~75.5%의 범위이었으며, 올레산이 70% 이상인 자원은 IT031831, IT031699, IT031895, IT031938 및 IT031694의 5종이었다. 리놀레산의 평균함량은 38.0%이었으며 범위는 18.1~74.1%이었다. 불포화지방산(올레산+리놀레산)의 평균 함량은 93%, 범위는 89.6%~94.8%이었다.

This study was conducted to examine the variations of seed hull color characteristics, the oil contents and fatty acid composition in 275 sunflower germplasms. The seed hull of sunflower germplasms were classified into 4 colors of white, black, grey, and brown. The grey color of seed hull was the highest percentage of 33.8%, whereas the white color of seed hull was the lowest percentage of 5%. Average oil content was 22.5% with a range from 11.7% to 45.5%. Average saturated fatty acid contents were 6.9%, while average content of unsaturated fatty acid was 93%. The average contents of fatty acids such as palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid were 4.7%, 2.2%, 55.2%, and 38%, respectively. Comparing the oil contents and fatty acids among different seed hull colors, the highest content of oil was with grey seed hull color and the lowest with white seed hull color. Saturated fatty acid were higher in brown seed hull color. Unsaturated fatty acids were higher in grey and black seed hull colors. It could be observed that there was significant negative correlation(r=-0.998**) between linoleic and oleic acid content, and also L-value(Lightness of seed hull color) showed significant negative correlations with oil content, oleic acid content and linoleic acid content.

A total of 162 accessions of Perilla germplasm collected from diverse habitats in South Korea. The oil content of the seeds varied from 19.8 to 49.6%, the average being 33.3%. Oil content showed wide ranges of variation. The fatty acid composition of the seed oil showed the following overall ranges: palmitic 4.5 to 8.1%, stearic 1.6 to 7.4%, oleic 13.4 to 23.6%, linoleic 9.5 to 19.5%, and linolenic acid 48.6 to 66.4%. No correlation was found between oil content and fatty acid composition. The results obtained in this study provide useful background information for developing new cultivars with a high oil content and different fatty acid. Several accessions could be used as parental lines in breeding programs aiming to increase perilla oil quantity and quality.

Oil and fatty acid composition of 648 soybean germplasms of different categories including Korean and American source were analyzed by NIRS (Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrophotometer) method at Yeongnam Agricultural Research Institute, Milyang, Korea. A

Oil and fatty acid compositions of 1,429 germplasms including 1,121 cultivated soybeans for sprout production and 308wild soybeans were analyzed by the NIRS (Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrophotometer) method at Yeongnam AgriculturalResearch Institute, M

우리나라 재래 야생콩 70계통들의 종실 성분들을 분석하여 활용 가능한 야생콩 계통을 선발함으로써 나물콩 품종 육성의 재료로 활용할 수 있는 기초 자료를 얻고자 수행된 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 조단백질 함량 범위는 35.6-47.9~% , 평균은 42.3~% 였으며, 13계통은 45~% 이상인 고단백 계통이었다. 조지방 함량은 2.8-18.0~% , 평균 10.2~% 로 3~% 이하인 2계통을 찾을 수 있었다. 2. 지방산 조성에서 16:0은 11.1-44.6~% , 18:0은 3.0-11.4~% , 18:1은 11.1-30.6~% , 18:2는 12.4-59.5~% , 18:3은 1.1-17.3~% 범위였는데 특히 18:3 조성이율이 극히 낮은 2계통을 발굴하였다. 3. 조단백질은 조지방 및 지방산과 상관이 인정되지 않았고, 조지방은 16:0, 18:0함량과 고도의 부의 상관이, 18:2와 고도의 정의 상관을 그리고 16:0과 18:0, 18:1 간에는 고도의 정의 상관이 인정되었고, 18:2와 18:3과는 고도의 부의 상관이 인정되었다.

This study was carried out to obtain informations on the variations of oil content and fatty acid composition among 90 Korean perilla collections. Average oil content of 90 perilla collections was 44.2% with a range from 29.7% to 61.9%. Perilla collections with late-maturing, super-large seed and gray seed coat showed higher oil content than other types in general. Average saturated fatty acid content in perilla oil was 9.0% with a range from 8.2% to 10.7%, while average unsaturated fatty acid content varied from 89.3% to 91.8% with a mean of 91.0%. Contents of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were not related to maturity. There were no differences in the contents of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids according to maturity. Linoleic acid and linolenic acid contents were the highest in the super large-sized group(15.5%) and in the large-sized seed group(61.4%), respectively, while contents of fatty acids among the perilla collections were variable with different seed coat colors. Most of the traits studied were not significantly correlated with oil content, but linoleic acid(Ω-6) content was negatively correlated (r=-0.217＊) with linolenic acid(Ω-3) content.

산초유 전지질 분획에서 주요 구성지방산 조성은 eicosenoic acid 30.88%, linoleic acid 23.4%, oleic acid 19.94%, palmitic acid 10.52% 순으로 나타났으며, n-9계열 일가불포화지방산이 약 60% 이상을 차지하였다. 또한 산초유의 각 지질 분획의 구성지방산 조성에서는, triglyceride 분획에서 eicosenoic acid가 41.16%로 가장 높았고, 나머지 분획들에서는 olei