The effect of the cavity behind Rectangle Bluff Body in turbulent single-phase flow was studied using Particle Image velocimetry (PIV). The results for the time-averaged velocity showed a recirculation flow behind the bluff body. The horizontal location behind the bluff body where the time-averaged vertical and horizontal velocity components were zero was found at approximately 1.2H and the end of the re- circulation region was shifted upstream by effect of the cavity.
This study estimates environmental noises and noise impacts on surroundings by relocation of military training center from city central to suburb. Devising noise prevention plans are found to diminish harmful influence and to design noise reduction system. The prediction is drawn in each separation distance. The measurement is conducted during shoot exercise by a light machine gun(M60), an assault rifle(K-2), a Panzerfaust 3 and a recoilless rifle. The measured noise is 103dB(A) at shooting range in military training center, that is very high noise level. The characteristic of shooting noise is momentary and impulsive, also high leveled through all frequency band. And the forecast of noise assessment at the intended area exceeds noise criteria. Consequently, civil complaint is highly expected. Therefore, noise control system is needed for firing range. General methodology, such as soundproof box and barrier can reduce noise level at residential area near shooting range, which is anticipated by simulation.