제지공정 폐수 내에 포함된 리그닌을 재사용하기 위해 같이 포함되어있는 금속이온을 줄여야한다. 본 연구에서는 세라믹 분리막을 이용하여 제지공정 폐수 내의 금속이온을 제거하는 연구를 진행하였다. 분리막은 DMAc 용매에 PESf 고분자를 용해시킨 뒤 α-Alumina 분말을 넣고 PVP 분산제를 첨가하여 평판형 분리막을 제조하였다. FE-SEM으로 분리막의 단면과 표면을 관찰하고 CFP (Capillary Flow Porometer)장치를 통해 기공크기를 측정하였다. 분리막을 이용 한 금속이온제거 실험을 한 뒤 실험 전, 후의 폐수를 ICP-MS분석을 통해 금속 이온량을 측정하였다.

건설현장에서 주로 사용하는 주요 가설기자재 규격에 대한 표준을 정하고 성능에 대한 신뢰를 확보하기 위하여 1992년 처음 도입된 가설기자재 성능검정제도는 2009년 안전인증제도로 변경되어 산업안전보건법 제34조(안전인증) 및 제35조(자율안전확인의 신고)에 근거하여 가설기자재 제조업체의 기술능력과 생산체계, 제품의 성능을 종합적으로 심사하고 안전인증기준에 적합 여부를 검증하여 안전인증표시(마크)를 사용할 수 있도록 하는 제도이다. 성능검정제도는 가설기자재 30종에 대해 제품의 성능만을 시험하여 합격증을 교부하였으나 2009년 1월 1일부터 의무안전인증 가설기자재 12종 33품목과 자율안전확인 신고 가설기자재 8종에 대해서 기술능력 및 생산체계와 제품의 성능을 심사하여 인증서를 교부하는 것으로 변경되었다. 가설기자재의 안전성 및 제품의 신뢰도 향상으로 건설공사 품질 및 안전이 확보됨에도 불구하고 일시적이며 부수적으로 사용되는 자재인 것으로 여겨져 가설기자재의 안전성 확보를 위한 관심과 노력은 매우 미흡하였다. 가설기자재에 대한 관심이 소홀한 가운데 안전성 여부를 확인하기 어려운 재사용가설재가 폭 넓게 사용되고 가설기자재의 가격경쟁이 심화됨에 따라 저가의 재료를 사용한 불법 가설기자재를 생산․유통하는 등 가설기자재 제도 전반에 불법적인 행위가 빈번히 이루어지고 있어 가설기자재 관련 제도와 제품에 대한 안전성과 신뢰의 문제가 다시 제기되고, 향후 가설기자재의 신소재(강화플라스틱 등) 및 신제품(접이식 틀비계 등) 등이 도입될 경우 현행 기준으로는 안전인증 또는 자율안전 확인을 받기 어려우므로 빠르게 진행되는 건설환경 변화에 적절하게 대응하지 못한다는 문제점 또한 제기되고 있다. 가설기자재 관련 문제점들과 제반 현황이 가설기자재를 제조하고 유통하고 사용하는 이해당사자간 신뢰를 잃고 있어 이해당사자간에도 제도 개선을 통한 가설기자재 시장의 정화와 개선이 필요하다는 공감대가 형성되고 있다. 따라서 정부는 가설기자재 관련 문제점을 종합적으로 검토하고 개선하기 위하여 다양한 방향으로 제도개선을 추진하고 있으며, 이와 같은 추진 대책의 일환으로 가설기자재 인증표시 기준에 관한 개선방안 마련을 위하여 가설기자재 생산․유통 및 사용 실태를 파악하고 가설기자재 관련 이해당사자 및 전문가의 의견 수렴 등을 통하여 가설기자재 인증표시 기준을 합리적으로 개선하고 효율적으로 관리하기 위한 연구가 필요하게 되었다. 본 연구를 통해 국내 건설산업에서 중요한 역할을 분담하고 있는 가설기자재의 안전성 향상과 신뢰성 회복을 위한 합리적인 개선방안을 도출하여 산업안전보건법령의 제‧개정에 반영할 필요가 있다.

This study was conducted to investigate changes in organoleptic properties and taste components including free sugar, organic acid and free amino acid with addition of walnut. Changes in total nitrogen were insignificantly different with addition of walnut. Amino type nitrogen content was decreased in proportion to supplemental level of walnut. Content of organic acids, of which three kinds were detected, such as citric acid, malic acid and lactic acid increased more than two times with addition of walnut. Contents of free sugar and amino acid were decreased with addition of walnut. The proportion of essential amino acid was 40.6~41.4 percent. Glutamic acid in total amino acid was increased in proportion with addition of walnut. The highest sensory evaluation score was recorded in soy sauce with addition of 2 percent walnut. Together, it was expected that 2 percent addition of walnut to soy sauce has a positive effect on the taste of soy sauce.

This study was conducted to assess effects of addition of walnuts on soy sauce quality. The pH was significantly increased by adding more than 4 percent of walnuts. As the addition of walnuts increased, Hunter’s color values and brown color increased. Total solid of soy sauce did not change significantly with the addition of walnuts. Crude fat content increased by two times in the 2 percent added walnuts group compared to the control group, but it was not dependent on the addition of walnuts. DPPH radical scavenging activity was significantly increased with the addition of walnuts. The addition of walnuts decrease saturated fatty acids and increased unsaturated fatty acids. Composition ratio of linoleic acid was highest in the control group and all the additions. These results revealed that soy sauce made with walnuts have a positive effect on functionality and preference.

최근 일본에서 독개미류(Solenopsis geminata, S. invicta)의 항구지역에 대한 집중 조사 및 방제를 실시하고 있다.한국에서는 남쪽 지방의 항구가 발생 가능 지역에 포함되어 있어 국내 침입여부를 확인하기 위한 조사를 실시하였다.부산항 지역을 대상으로 조사한 결과 3아과 10종의 분포를 확인하였다. 그 중 1종은 국내 미분포종인 Paratrechinalongicornis 였으며, 발견 즉시 발생지를 포함여 주변에 대한 약제살포 등의 방제작업을 실시하였고, 추후 발생여부를 계속 모니터링하고 있다. 현재까지 추가 발견이 없어 박멸에 성공한 것으로 판단된다.

In Korea, 1,212 accessions of garlic are conserved in Namhae, Jeonju, Danyang and Muan with IT (Identity) number. This study was carried out to evaluate characteristics of 163 garlic cultivars conserved in Namhae branch, NIHHS, RDA and search valuable genetic resources for breeding. In horticultural characteristics, there was wide variation for bulb weight, clove weight and clove number per bulb with large coefficient of variation (CV) 40.04%, 43.98% and 39.64% respectively. Alliin content analyzed by HPLC was 16.75±6.22mg·g-1 DW (Dry weight) and had 37.16% CV. The highest alliin content was 32.27mg·g-1 in Local5. In correlation analysis, there were a strong positive correlation between bulb weight and bulb diameter and a non-correlation between clove number per bulb and bulb weight, height and diameter. Major characters included in the principal components were bulb weight, bulb height, bulb diameter, plant height, clove number per bulb, leaf sheath diameter and alliin content. According to characteristics of garlic, 163 germplasms were clustered into 10 groups. In total 10 clusters, the average bulb weight is the heaviest at 5th cluster and average alliin content is the highest at 4th cluster. These clusters will be used for selection breeding program to cultivate garlic that has heavier weight and high alliin content.

본 연구는 국내에서 육성된 신품종 ‘진옥’ 포도와 대조품종인 ‘캠벨얼리’를 대상으로 재배작형을 노지, 비가림, 무가온 하우스로 나누어 수체생육 및 과실품질을 조사하였다. 수체생육을 보면 ‘진옥’이 ‘캠벨얼리’ 보다 주요 생육기가 빠른 경향이었고, 수확기는 무가온 하우스 재배의 ‘진옥’ 품종이 8월 13일로 가장 빨랐으며, ‘ 캠벨얼리’ 품종은 8월 17일이었다. 노지 재배유형에서는 ‘진옥’ 품종이 8월 25일, ‘캠벨얼리’ 품종이 8월 29 일로 가장 늦었다. 신초경, 신초장 등 신초생육은 처리 간 비슷한 경향이었다. 과실특성을 조사한 결과, 가용성 고형물 함량은 무가온 하우스 재배 시 ‘진옥’과 ‘캠벨얼리’ 품종에서 각각 15.4oBrix, 15.9oBrix로 비슷한 경향이었고, 노지 재배에서는 각각 15.9oBrix, 15.8oBrix였으며, 과실의 산함량과 과피의 색도도 비슷한 경향이었다. 병해충 발생은 6월 중순부터 갈색무늬병이 발생하기 시작하였고, 생육후기인 8월 상순에 조사한 갈색무늬병 피해엽률은 무가온하우스 재배의 ‘진옥’ 품종이 14%로 가장 낮았으며, 노지재배의 경우 ‘진옥’ 품종이 46%, ‘ 캠벨얼리’ 품종이 49%로 노지재배 유형에서 갈색무늬 병의 발생이 많아 생육후기 집중적인 방제가 필요한 것 으로 판단되었다.

The stiffness of a bicycle frame is a major factor of a bicycle performance related to safety, stability, and weight. In this study, the torsional and bottom bracket stiffness of a bicycle frame were experimentally investigated. The torsional and bottom bracket stiffness for 63 bicycle frames were evaluated and analyzed by measuring the displacement of frames. The torsional stiffness is related with turning performance and the bottom bracket stiffness is related with power transmission. The experimental results show that the average stiffness varies up to 20 % according to the frame materials and types. The torsional stiffness has a strong corelation with the bottom bracket stiffness even though they have different effects on a bicycle frame. It seems that the experimental results can be applied to the quality criteria of racing bicycles and also design standard of a bicycle frame.

This study was accomplished to investigate the effects of the night temperatures on the dark respiration and fruit quality of ‘Heukgoosul’ grape at ripening time. The weight of cluster and berry increased significantly at 20oC than 30oC in night temperature. The length and diameter of berry harvested from the 20oC and 25°C treatments also increased significantly. But there were no differences in the cluster length and diameter as well as the number of berries per cluster. When the amount of CO2 uptake was examined, the dark respiration decreased at 20°C in comparison with 30°C. On the other hand, the anthocyanin content of fruits harvested from the 20°C treatment was higher 38.8 μg·cm-2 than that of 30°C 27.7 μg·cm-2. Hunter’s value such as L(brightness), a(red chromaticity) and b(yellow chromaticity) showed the significance between 20°C and 30°C treatments. Soluble solid content and acidity of berry fruits harvested from the 20°C treatment increased respectively by 3.4 °Brix and 1.6 times. With consideration of the main characteristics of fruit harvested at 30°C, the sugar-acid ratio 72.6% was lowered and the color chart showed the low value 7.1, therefore, the overall fruit quality was deteriorated. When the production yield rates of first harvest 23.6% and second harvest 44.7% were compared, the 20°C treatment could move up the harvest time earlier.

본 연구는 고온 등숙으로 인해 미질 저하가 큰 벼 조기재배 실시에 적합한 재배법 개선을 위하여 품 질향상을 위한 재식방법을 설정하기 위하여 수행하였다. 재식거리 30×14cm 이앙구에서는 포기당 재식 본수가 3, 5, 7로 증가할수록 초장은 감소하고, 경수는 증가하였으나, 재식거리 30×18cm 이앙구에서 는 재식본수가 증가함에 따라 초장 및 경수가 증가하였다. 재식거리 및 재식본수에 따라 간장 및 수장 의 차이는 적었으나, 재식본수가 적을수록 수수는 적었고 입수가 증가하였으며, 재식거리가 증가함에 따라 수수 및 입수는 증가하는 경향이었다. 이앙구 간 쌀 수량에 따른 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 완전미 수량에서는 재식거리 30×18cm 이앙구에서 싸라기 및 분상질립 비율이 낮아 완전미의 비율이 높은 경 향이었고, 3본 이앙시 403kg/10a로 완전미 수량이 가장 높았다. 재식거리 30×18cm 이앙구에서는 단 백질 함량이 감소하고, 취반미윤기치 값이 증가하여 식미 개선의 효과가 있었다. 이러한 연구결과를 종 합해보면, 벼 조기재배에서는 재식밀도가 낮은 넓은 재식거리(30×18cm)에 개체수가 적은 3본으로 이 앙하는 방법이 조기재배에서 발생하는 문제점들을 개선시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Recently, many computer-based programs for cognitive function training are being developed. However, they are not sufficient for voluntary training with interest and immersion since most of the programs developed so far have been developed for therapeutic purposes. In this paper, the contents were implemented by applying visual element based design which can provide interest and immersion for the elderly. It is important to note that this approach may be more effective in cognitive rehabilitation training. In the future study, it will be necessary to verify how much the visual design elements based on the elderly are effective for cognitive function rehabilitation.

In this study, we propose a method of optimal placement technique of artificial reef considering characteristics of sea areas and provide basic data for efficient budget execution. In addition, we will contribute to increasing the economic efficiency by improving the fisheries productivity by suggesting the scientific basis for the policy data and the increase of the catch through the resource creation based on the ecological information about the biology. Especially, in order to establish the effective disposition (optimum separation distance) of artificial reef considering characteristics of biological and engineering factors, it is necessary to review the artificial reef installation management regulations and investigate the biological effects of artificial reef facilities, is needed. Through this, it is expected that the ground data of the direction of the policy promotion will be derived by suggesting the placement condition of the artificial reef complex which can maximize the resource composition effect according to the target fish species.

Rolling contact fatigue(RCF) is a major cause of failure that appears in components of rolling contacts. In the recent years, the fatigue propagation and failure have been an important issue in respect of the safe operation and to reduce the noise and vibration of the rolling contact components. The water-contaminated lubrication is known to be one of the significant factors that reduces the lifetime of the rolling contact components. Thus, in this study, the effect of water-contaminated lubrication environment on the rolling contact fatigue was investigated. Bearing life testing was performed in two different lubrication conditions (i.e. normal lubrication environment and water-contaminated lubrication environment). The effect of the debirs on the rolling contact fatigue could be eliminated by establishing the debris filter system. Microscopic features of the rolling contact surfaces were examined using energy dispersive spectrometry and non-contact 3D measurement system. In the case of the water-contaminated lubrication, the increase of surface roughness values up to 17.6% was observed. The oxidation state and pattern of the rolling contact surfaces were very different depending on the lubrication environment. It was also found that the bearing rating life,   , was decreased significantly in the watercontaminated lubrication condition. The amount of reduction was about 49.7%.

The physicochemical properties of dry wine produced from domestic kiwifruit according to production year from 2008 to 2012 were studied. pHs of wine were from 4.02(F wine, production year 2009, sterilized) to 4.11(D wine, production year 2012, non-sterilized) and their acidities were lowest in D wine(0.79%) and highest in F wine(1.18%). All the wines have the same soluble solids of 8 °brix and 12% of alcohol, respectively. The reducing sugar was lowest in A wine(production year 2008, non-sterilized) and highest in D wine. The lactic acid was detected as a main organic acid and the free sugar was detected only fructose. As main flavor components, ethyl acetate and 1-pentanol were detected and their sum of 80~90% and a small amount of phenylethyl alcohol which providing rose-like aroma was also detected. The contents of soluble phenolics were highest in D wine(1.07 g/L) and lowest in C wine(0.80 g/L), corresponding to the antioxidant activity was highest found in D wine according to their soluble phenolic contents.

동물들은 항상성 유지를 위해서 지방에 축적된 에너지의 양을 판단하고 섭식량을 조절한다고 알려져 있으나 그 조절 메카니즘은 아직 확실히 알려져있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 노랑초파리로 지방세포에서 섭식조절과 관련된 유전자를 찾기 위해 mRNA의 과발현을 이용한 1차 스크리닝(screening)과 RNAi를 이용한 2차 스크리닝을 수행하여 지방세포에서 발현하는 유전자 purple이 섭식조절과 관련이 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 유전자 purple은 조효소인 tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4)의 생합성에 관여하는 유전자인데, 연구결과 BH4생합성에 관련된 다른 유전자인 Punch와 Sepiapterin Reductase (Sptr) 뿐만 아니라 BH4도 섭식행동을 조절하는데에 관여한다는 것을 밝혀냈다. 흥미로운 사실은 Punch와 purple은 지방에서 발현되어야 하는 반면 Sptr은 뇌에서 발현되어 섭식행동을 조절한다는 사실이다. 추가연구를 통해 BH4가 섭식에 관련된 뉴런인 neuropeptide F (NPF)을 억제하여 섭식억제가 이루어지는 사실을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 새로운 유형의 섭식억제제 개발에 기초적인 정보를 제공할 것으로 보인다.

곤충의 다양한 분류군 중에서 노린재목에 속한 곤충들은 뾰족한 구기를 형태적으로 진화시켜, 이러한 구기를 이용하여 다양한 먹이활동을 한다. 특히, 이러한 구조는 식물체에 직접 구기를 찔러넣어 흡즙하는 형태로 적합하여, 대부분의 노린재목 곤충은 따라서 식물과 밀접한 연관이 있다. 이와같은 이유로, 노린재목 곤충은 산림생태와 아주 깊은 연관이 있으며, 산림성 곤충에 대한 생태적, 종다양성 측면에서 이 분류군의 특성을 이해하는 것이 필수적이다. 이번 발표에서는 노린재목 곤충류 중에서 노린재아목, 매미아목에 속하는 분류군의 다양한 생태적 정보를 소개하고, 특히 종다양성 측면에서 그동안 충남대학교 곤충분류학연구실에서 연구해왔던 결과를 분류군별로 간단히 소개하고 자 한다. 이를 기반으로 향후 산림곤충의 다양한 연구방향과 분야에 도움이 되고자 한다.

In this study, a new designed propeller was applied on 24 ton class squid jigging vessel to reduce of fuel consumption. The selected squid jigging boat was under construction at the shipyard to determine the resistance of the hull through the model experiment. The propeller design was carried out by using the experimental data and ITTC procedures. Sea trials were performed by measuring the speed and the horsepower required by the condition of five power levels of engine load, namely 70%, 80%, 90%, MCR and maximum engine power. The speed and delivered horse power were compared between the conventional propeller and the new design propeller. Delivered horse power by installing the new propeller takes 90% engine load at start-up conducted by decreased 9.06%. The measuring speed is increased up to the 0.6 knots in the low-speed range to high range. This study showed that only the design and installation of a new propeller can improve the propulsion efficiency of the boats; furthermore, reduce fuel costs can be achieved at the same time by improving the increased cruising speed.

This study aims to investigate effects of the length of the buoy and sand bag line on the loss of webfoot octopus pot. A numerical modeling and simulation was carried out to analyze the process that the pot gear affected by wave using the mass spring model. Through the simulation, tensions of sand bag line under various condition were investigated by length of buoy and sand bag line. The drag force and coefficient k of an artificial shell used in the webfoot octopus pot was obtained from an experiment in a circular water channel, and the coefficient k was applied to the simulation. To verify the accuracy of the simulation model, a simple test was conducted into measuring a rope tension of a hanging shell under flow. Then, the test result was compared with the simulation. The lengths of the buoy line in the simulation were 1.12, 1.41, 1.80, 2.23, 2.69, and 3.17 times of water depth. The lengths of sand bag line were 10, 20, 30, and 40 meters, and conditions of water depth were 8, 15, 22 meters. 4 meter height and 8 second period of wave were applied to all simulations. As a results, the tension of the sand bag line was decreased as the buoy and sand bag line were increased. The minimum tension of the sand bag line was appeared in conditions that the length of the buoy line is twice of water depth and the sand bag line length is over 40 meters (except in case of depth 8 meters.).