유리상 고분자 멤브레인은 높은 투과도와 선택도를 동시에 달성하면서도 에너지 소비가 낮아, 고성능 기체 분리 용 멤브레인 후보로 주목받아 왔다. 그러나 기존 고분자 멤브레인은 Robeson 상한선으로 표현되는 투과도-선택도 간의 고유 한 상충관계에 의해 성능이 제한되는 한계를 지닌다. 최근 수년간, 고유 자유부피가 큰 유리상 고분자, 특히 고유 미세다공성 고분자(PIMs) 및 6FDA 기반 폴리이미드와 같은 고성능 재료의 개발이 활발히 이루어지며 이러한 병목 현상을 극복하고 있 다. 고분자 주 사슬 구조 설계, 후 합성 기능화, 고분자 블렌딩, 다공성 필러를 포함한 혼합 매질 멤브레인(mixed-matrix membrane, MMM) 제조, 열재배열 공정 등 다양한 전략을 통해 기체 분리 성능이 크게 향상되었다. 본 총설에서는 유리상 고 분자 기반 기체 분리 멤브레인의 최신 연구 동향을 다룬다. 특히, PIM-1 및 유도체, 6FDA 기반 폴리이미드, MMM을 중심으 로 어떻게 투과도-선택도 상충관계, 물리적 노화, 가소화 저항성과 같은 핵심 기술적 과제를 해결하는지를 다룬다. 최신 문헌 분석을 통해, 유리상 고분자 멤브레인이 기체 분리 성능의 새로운 기준을 제시하고 있으며, 탄소 포집부터 천연가스 처리에 이르기까지 상업적 적용 가능성이 높아지고 있음을 논의한다. 마지막으로, 이러한 멤브레인 기술이 산업적 응용으로 이어지 기 위한 주요 과제와 향후 연구 방향에 대해 고찰한다.

The objective of this study was to categorize consumers' food-related lifestyles into various types and discern the differences in consumer preferences for locally sourced ingredients in Home Meal Replacement (HMR) based on food-related lifestyles. The online survey was conducted from December, 2020, involving 474 adults who registered with Macro Mill Embrain. Statistical analyses, including frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, K-means cluster analysis, and one-way ANOVA were applied to the collected data. The findings revealed the ‘convenience-seeking group,’ the 'high interest in food-related lifestyle group,' and the ‘health and taste-seeking group.’ The ‘convenience-seeking group’ showed a high proportion of respondents (65%) didn’t check the origin, whereas the ’high interest in food-related lifestyle group’ (57.5%) and the ‘health and taste-seeking group’ (66.7) had higher proportions of respondents who checked the origin. Regarding the reasons for preferring locally sourced HMR, all three clusters emphasized safety, hygiene, and fresh ingredients as the most critical factors. This study represented the first exploration into consumer preferences for HMR using locally sourced ingredients, segmented by their food-related lifestyles. The findings provided valuable foundational information for the development of HMR using locally sourced ingredients and could be applied to decisions in the food industry and related policy-making.

본 연구에서는 경기 북부지역 및 온라인에서 유통되는 건고추 및 고춧가루 88건을 대상으로 잔류농약을 분석했 다. 시료는 QuEChERS법으로 전처리한 후 GC-MS/MS, LC-MS/MS를 이용하여 분석했다. 88건 중 70건(79.5%)에 서 잔류농약이 검출되었고 그 중 4건(4.5%)인 수입산 건 고추 2건, 수입산 고춧가루 2건이 농약 잔류허용기준을 초 과하였다. 총 61종의 농약이 검출되었고 검출 빈도가 가 장 높은 농약은 살균제 tebuconazole로 52회 검출되었다. 쌀에 사용하는 진균제 tricyclazole은 베트남산 시료 12개 중 3개 시료에서, ethion은 인도산 시료 1개에서 농약 잔 류허용기준을 초과하여 검출되었다. tricyclazole과 ethion 은 고추 품목에서의 사용이 금지되어 positive list system 제도에 의해 규제되고 있다. 본 연구를 통해 국내산 건고 추 및 고춧가루의 잔류농약 수준이 비교적 잘 관리되고 있으며 수입산 건고추 및 고춧가루에 대한 지속적인 관리 가 필요한 것으로 확인하였다.

The term ‘lodging’ in agriculture is usually used when the crops fall from their upright position before harvesting. Various factors may be responsible, including inherent weaknesses in the stem, resulting from low lignin content or small root systems.Weather, such as strong winds or rains, will also likely increase lodging. Insect or disease damage can also weaken the plants, and cultural practices, such as fertilization, irrigation, and cultivation techniques, may increase the risk. Most of the research studies on lodging have been undertaken on cereal crops, but this is also an issue with many vegetable crops, and especially those that require mechanized harvesting. In this review, the issue of lodging in solanaceous vegetable crops is discussed, with an emphasis on the key risk factors and potential areas for future research that can identify damage mitigation strategies.

이 연구는 초분광 영상으로 두 품종의 콩(청자 3호, 대찬)의 들불병을 진단할 수 있는 모델과 다중분광 영상센서를 개발하기 위해 수행되었다. 무처리구와 들불병 처리구에서 5 nm full width at half maximum (FWHM)으로 구성된 원시 초분광 중심파장들의 콩 식물 영역 반사율들을 추출하여 10 nm FWHM으로 병합한 후, t-test로 차이가 나타난 blue, green, red, red edge, NIR1 및 NIR2 각 영역에서 선정된 대표 밴드로 121개의 식생지수를 계산하였다. 식생지수를 입력변수로 support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), extra tree (EXT), extreme gradient boosting (XGB)의 머신러닝 기법과 shapley additive explanation 변수 선택 기법을 적용하여 들불병 진단에 가장 적절한 모델을 선정하고 사용된 식생지수와 파라미터를 나타내었다. T-test 결과 품종에 상관없이 blue 1개(420 nm), green 2개(500, 540 nm), red 1개(600 nm), red edge 2개(680, 700 nm), NIR1 2개(780, 840 nm), NIR2 1개(920 nm)의 총 9개 대표 밴드들이 선택되었고, 성능 평가를 통해 선정된 모델에 청자 3호의 경우 SVM모델(OA=0.86, KC=0.72, 10 VIs)이 선정되었으나 혼동행렬 분석 결과 정상오분류가 적은 RF모델이 선택되었다. RF모델(식 생지수 : RE/Blue, NSI, GDVI, Green/Blue, 파라미터 : max_depth=6, n_estimators=100)은 OA=0.81, KC=0.60, precision=0.86, recall=0.81, F1 score=0.80의 성능을 나타내었다. 대찬은 EXT모델(식생지수 : YVI, RE/Green, 2YVI, 파라미터 : max_depth=8, n_estimators=10)이 선정되 었고, OA=0.86, KC=0.72, precision=0.86, recall=0.86, F1 score=0.86의 성능을 나타내었다.

본 연구에서는 국내에서 유통되는 식·약공용농산물의 잔 류농약 실태를 조사하기 위해 7품목 72건 대상으로 잔류 농약을 분석했다. 시료는 QuEChERS법으로 전처리한 후 GC-MS/MS, LC-MS/MS를 이용하여 분석했다. 식·약공용 농산물 총 7품목 72건 중 42건(58.3%)에서 잔류농약이 검 출되었으며, 검출된 농산물은 복분자 1건, 구기자 14건, 대 추 9건, 오미자 10건, 모과 1건, 생강 5건, 영지버섯 2건 이었다. 그 중 구기자 2건(11.8%), 오미자 1건(7.1%), 영 지버섯 2건(100%)에서 잔류농약 허용기준을 초과하여 검 출되었다. 검출농약은 43종으로 살균제 20종 75회, 살충제 23종 58회이었으며, 살균제 carbendazim 및 tebuconazole이 각각 11회로 가장 빈번하게 검출되었다. 허용기준을 초과 하여 검출된 농약은 acetamiprid, cadusafos, chlorpyrifos, flubendiamide, fluopyram, triazophos으로 모두 잔류농약허 용기준이 설정되지 않은 PLS 항목이었다. 결론적으로 잔 류농약 검사 건수, 검출률, 검출빈도를 종합적으로 고려해 볼 때 식·약공용농산물에 대한 지속적인 잔류농약 관리가 필요한 것으로 생각된다.

The endothelium, a continuous monolayer of cells that surrounds blood vessels, has a variety of physiological roles. Chronic exposure to psychological and physical stress, oxidative stress, and inflammation activates the endothelial signaling cascade, resulting in vascular dysfunction such as vasospasm, thrombosis, and abnormal vascular proliferation. Aging is also a significant factor in vascular dysfunction, mainly developing structural and functional changes in the endothelium. The molecules involved in endothelial dysfunction are typically angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), Tie2, and tight junction proteins. Ang-1, an oligomeric-secreted glycoprotein, is required for the correct organization and maturation of newly-formed vessels. Ang-1 binding to tyrosine kinase receptors Tie-2 leads to the phosphorylation and activation of multiple signaling pathways related to vascular permeability. Endothelial junctions are another vital target of Tie-2 activation. Nutrition and food are closely connected with vascular dysfunction and permeability. The caloric restriction prevents age-related declines in endothelial function. Dietary patterns that prioritize moderate intake of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, low-fat dairy products, and lean meats improve endothelial function in the elderly. Natural products such as Centella asiatica, Pueraria montana, and Piper retrofractum have also been shown to help inhibit endothelial dysfunction. This review provides an update on aging-related vascular dysfunction and the role of food and nutrition.

Galactosemia is a rare, hereditary metabolic disorder caused by the accumulation of galactose and its metabolites in the body due to a lack of enzymes that convert galactose to glucose. This study aimed to investigate the dietary behaviors and nutritional statuses of patients with galactosemia and to provide basic information on the development of nutrition education programs to improve quality of dietary life. A survey was conducted on 13 parents of (<11 years of age) children with galactosemia and 26 parents of (<11 years of age) children without galactosemia. Mean body mass index was greater for school-age children with galactosemia (18.77 kg/m2) than for corresponding normal children (16.55 kg/m2). Underweight and obesity rates of children with galactosemia were greater than those of children without galactosemia. In addition, children with galactosemia had a higher food neophobia rate and thus consumed less food. Normal children exhibited a greater range of food preferences than those with galactosemia, especially for milk and dairy products (p= .001) and fats and sweets (p= .04). Reliable food databases and appropriate dietary recommendations are required to ensure the proper growth of children with galactosemia.

This study aimed to investigate pesticide residues in 160 stalk and stem vegetables marketed in Northern Gyeonggi-do. The QuEChERS method using GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS was employed to analyze the residues of 341 pesticides in the samples. The maximum or lower than the residue limit was recorded in 75 samples (46.9%), while 4 samples (2.5%) exceeded the maximum residue limit (MRL). Thirty-nine kinds of residual pesticides were detected including fungicides (14), insecticides (22), herbicides (2), and plant growth regulator (1). Carbendazim and pendimethalin were the most frequelntly detected pesticides. Fenitrothion, procymidone, and diazinon exceeded MRL in garlic chives, and Welsh onion. This indicated that these vegetables along with water celery should be constantly monitored.

Galactosemia is a rare genetic metabolic disease caused by galactose and its metabolites generated during carbohydrate metabolism, which is relatively rare in Asian countries, including Korea. Patients with galactosemia should be treated with a galactose-restricted diet. However, information is lacking about the exact content of galactose in food, and dietary guidelines for patients with galactosemia in Korea. This study aims to recognize the difficulties faced by parents and clinical experts of patients with galactosemia, and understand their demands. Totally, 5 parents of children diagnosed with galactosemia and 5 clinical professionals participated in the focus group interviews. The parents’ interview focused on the daily life of the patient, which included diet and social difficulties. The clinical experts mainly answered about medical care, including the number and status of patients, and their suggestions for effective treatment. Most parents were worried about social isolation due to conflicts in the family as well as in society due to a lack of understanding of the disease. The clinical experts stated the absence of a disease management system as the greatest problem. An integrated support system for patients with galactosemia, which includes appropriate dietary guidelines by considering the domestic environment, is required.

Unhealthy dietary behavior such as insufficient calcium intake can be one of risk factors of osteoporosis and chronic diseases in older people. This study evaluated the recent trends in dietary calcium intake and the food source in Korean adults aged 50 years or older using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2015-2019) data. This study used 24-hour recall survey data to investigate the calcium intake, the major food groups and main dishes contributing to the calcium intake. The mean calcium intake was 479.55-506.81 mg/day. The major food groups that contribute to calcium intake were vegetables, milks and fishes. Dairy and frozen desserts and kimchi were the major dish groups that contributed to the calcium intake. Calcium intake from milk in dairy and frozen dessert group has been high in last 5 years (50-64 years old: 34.71-47.68 mg, 65-74 years old: 29.72-43.65 mg, over 75 years old: 22.91-42.93 mg). In addition, baechu-kimchi is the most contributed to the calcium intake in kimchi group (50-64 years old: 35.10-41.47 mg, 65-74 years old: 29.62-34.96 mg, over 75 years old: 23.79-29.13 mg). In conclusion, various source of calcium needs to be recommended to increase intake calcium in over 50 years, which may reduce chronic diseases and improve quality of life.