In accordance with the nature, characteristics, uses, etc. of the information that are as distinguishing criteria, information classification is a means clustering things meeting the same standard. Classification is the basis of scientific research. The purpose of Information Classification on handed down Chinese Dictionary in Japan, South Korea and China is to provide a professional platform for philology researchers easily retrieve and inquiry. And providing a theoretical basis for the development and application of the depth of shared dictionary database of East Asian. This article analyzes and studies Information Organization, Information Retrieval and Information Classification of handed down Chinese Dictionary in Japan, South Korea and China, the Paper noted that standardized information classification principles is a prerequisite for East Asian countries to regulate the construction of database of handed dictionaries ,and to maximize sharing Chinese character resources.
This article examines a series of “tongzi”(同字) in Nam-sun Choi’s New Chinese Dictionary(新字典) published in 1913. “tongzies” are the Chinese Characters which have considered as same words because they have almost the same meaning and sound but slightly different shapes from orthodox written forms. In order to uncover Choi’s implicit intention and underlying interpretative strategies in New Chinese Dictionary, I firstly processes all the data by computer and compiles the database. Secondly, I extract 3053 characters explained as “tong(同)”(the same) in the dictionary and analyze their interpreting systems, methods of classification, structural features, etc. Finally I add all the cases of “tongzi” and their character structures in the appendix for the convenience of related studies.
In the abstract, I concretelyexamined a book called 'shinsenjikyo' that introduces various ways to account for 'gujinzi'. Furthermore, from a viewpoint of graphology, I investigated if the explanations in the annotation of the book are about 'gujinzi' that obviously showthe relation of succession in the course of creating a character, atitle letter for searchingthe dictionary of Chinese characters, Chinese characters that arecurrently being widely used, or variants of Chinese characters. Consequently, it was difficult to find 'gujinzi' that obviously showthe relation of succession in the course of forming a character. However, as for Chinese characters that are currentlywidely used, commentaries on 'gujinzi' are quite correct. There are several approachesin identifying the gujinzi relation in characters.To account for the title character, he uses the 'guzi' of the title character or the 'jinzi' of the title character or the 'guzi' and 'jinzi' of the title character. All the three ways shows that the title character and the suggested 'guzi' or 'jinzi' have the same meaning or are substituted or divided characters or are 'gujnzi' that apparently show the relation of succession in the course of forming a character. Accordingly, all the characters are correlatedand were actively used in the past. In conclusion, because the words of 'gu' and 'jin' are used, there was confusion between 'gujinzi' that account for 'guzi' with characters being used currently and widely and 'guzinzi' that means the succession relation in the course of forming a character. However, 'Shochu' seems to be successful in conveying to readers a broad meaning of 'gujinzi' relation that exists in certain Chinese characters.
Based on the "YukjoBeoppoDangyeongEonhae"(《六祖法寶壇經諺解》)the Chinese characters as material, according to the similarities and differences between the sound of Mr. Wang Li at the beginning of the phenomenon of archaic Chinese initials and "Dongguozhengyun"(《東國正韻》), firmly grasp the "xiamu"(匣母) divided into nine clues and researching. Research shows that it is differentiation of tongue and is based on ancient tone sound dental tongue and teeth on the voice, become a part of the ancient pronunciation. But Mr. Wang Li‟s ancient tone thirty-two initials included in ancient Chinese tongue tone and dental, and lack of credibility. Twenty-three lines rhyme tables of "Yun Jing"(《韻鏡》) have one to four words, such a sound and positive dental tongue and tongue for sound and positive dental complementary in the two or three rhyme, which is the ancient tone differentiation specific description of the sound track. At the beginning of the twenty-three sound and rhyme "Yun Jing"(《韻鏡》) twenty-three lines of consistency of Korea. And Mr. Wang Li‟s ancient tone thirty-two initials included in ancient Chinese composition, and "Yun Jing"(《韻鏡》) reflect different. So Korea in early twenty-three sound is Credibility is higher than that Li-Wang‟s thirty-two consonants. It is from this sense that we say Korea Chinese characters sound out and is based on ancient Chinese higher.
Tongwentongkao, which is a stated by Japanese scholar Mr.Araihakuseki Druing the Edo period of Japan,is with reference to vulgar form of characters,reflecting the features of diction and the real condition of characters in the middle period of Edo in Japan. This book discusses the origin and development of Hanzi in both Chinese and Japanese from the perspective of the cultural cycle of the Chinese characters on the basis of the fact that the Chinese characters exist in Chinese as well as in Japanese. In its volume four, it records some information about Chinese characters that can not be found in Chinese documents. According to its relation with Chinese characters ,the author divided those information into six types.Broadly speaking, those five types can be classified as Wosuzi with the exception of GuoXun. The classification and identification of Wosuzi is flawed on some level due to the limitation of era in which the author lived.In spite of the limitations mentioned above, TongWenTongKao still reflects the basic situation regarding the usage of Chinese characters in the society of Edo period of Japan and represents the research progress on this subject at that time. This book has a profound influence on the study of Chinese characters in Japan and holds a significant value in the comparative research of Chinese characters between Chinese and Japanese.
We make up meanings of three characters "shi"、"wen" and "di" by the help of the abroad meanings and the usages in ancient literature corpus. It’s a good way to explore the meanings of Chinese characters by the usage being corroborated in domestic literature and abroad corpus.
In the study of Thai-Chinese transliteration(referring to the Thai-Chinese Dictionary, The Foreign Name Handbook, and The World of Country Maps), it is found that some Thai place's names derived from Chinese language, but have different versions of pronunciation due to dialect language usage. The Thai-Chinese Dictionary transliteration, based on Chaozhou dialect, sound and pronunciation are quite different from Foreign Name Handbook and The World of Country Maps transliterations which are based on Mandarin pronunciation. To be more precise, there are [-p], [-t], and [-k] consonants in Thai language but there are only [-p] and [-k] consonants in Chaozhou dialect. When a Thai word which ends with [-t] sound, Chaozhou uses the [-k] sound instead. However, because there are no similar consonant sounds in Mandarin, Thai words must be uttered the same tone as existing words.
In order to make up vacancy of words frequency on ancient bronze objects in Western Zhou Dynasty in diachronic development perspective, we sorting out some conclusions through the exhaustive statistical development data of words frequency diachronically. We found two ends concentration of word frequency in bronze inscription from the early to late in the Western Zhou Dynasty have decreased significantly, which reflects ideographic writing system increasingly mature trend; we also found the word frequency variation is keeping pace with the time trend. In other words, disappearance of those old words is the acceleration and appearance of new words has a trend for reducing the speed. We conclude that focus of inscriptions discourse topic did not change through each period distinctive word frequency semantic category research. Changes and development of language content is mainly caused by "social appellations", which always dominant semantic units’ substitutions and changes.
Zhouyizhengyi, the edition of Shisanjingzhushu, provides much convenience for studying Zhouyi, and will help the popularization of Zhouyi. But the edition still has many problems on character and pause. On the base of several times reading and pausing on Zhouyizhengyi, the article has identified and corrected 16 characters and 54 pauses in Zhouyizhengyi.
The Chinese Characters in stone inscription in Chinese middle ages is one of the most important research materials of the Chinese history and Chinese language and Characters. It is very hard word to use these materials for huge quantity, large time span, and spread over different area, so it is necessary to build a database to promote the research work on Middle Chinese Characters. Before this work, creating a set of standards is important basic work. This is the purpose of this paper. There are only some preliminary considerations on the Chinese Characters in stone inscription in Chinese Middle Ages. In the future, with the development of the work more scientific standards will be further discussed.
There are many allographs in Sui Tang and 5-Dynasty periods Carved stone Regular script character.This paper is a corpus-based study which chooses and analyzes 9874 allographs extracted from the corpus of Sui Tang and 5-Dynasty periods Carved stone Regular script character for the exploration of its general features.It indicates that, the primary reason of character variation is the variation of the component; the second reason is the variation of the stroke; a distinguishing feature of the allograph is generalizability.
In this paper, Our research focuses on the generic referring quantifiers "ju"&"fu" of the stone inscription.Compared with the stone inscription of Sui, Tang and five dynasties, we can describe the evolutional track of the quantifiers "ju"&"fu". The cases of "ju" existed in the Stone Inscription in Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties are rare, but it has a broad scope of application and type utility.Moreover, It can serve as both individual quantifiers and collective quantifiers. Because of this, it’s likely to lead to semantic ambiguity. Induced by the language mechanism, "ju" used as collective quantifiers, preferred to be replaced by "fu" since Sui, Tang and five dynasties.
Stroke is the most basic element in modern Chinese character structure unit, normalization and standardization of stroke cannot only be essential to literacy teaching, and writing, retrieval and computer processing of Chinese characters, but can further improve normalization and standardization levels of Chinese characters. However, there are lots of disputes about many issues of stroke in academia, and contents about stroke in modern Chinese teaching materials in colleges and universities are inconsistent. Ten representative teaching materials of Modern Chinese are selected in this article to take strokes in these teaching materials as study object for comparison and analysis of classification, names and sequence of strokes, so as to give suggestion to normalization and standardization of strokes. The teaching materials involved in this article include: Modern Chinese (the 4th revised edition) written by Huang Borong and Liao Xudong in 2007, referred to as “Huang and Liao‟s Version”; Modern Chinese written by Hu Yushu in 1992, referred to as “Hu‟s Version”; New Modern Chinese written by Zhang Bin in 2002, referred to as “Zhang‟s Version 1”; Modern Chinese written by Zhang Zhigong in 1982, referred to as “Zhang‟s Version 2”; Introduction to Modern Chinese written by Shao Jingmin in 2001, referred to as “Shao‟s Version”; Modern Chinese written by modern Chinese teaching and research office of Department of Chinese Language and Literature of Peking University in 2000, referred to as “Bei‟s Version”; Modern Chinese Character Outline written by Su Peicheng in 2001, referred to as “Su‟s Version”; Modern Chinese Tutorial written by Xing Fuyi① in 1986, referred to as “Xing's Version"; Modern Chinese written by Zhou Yimin in 2006, referred to as “Zhou's Version”; Modern Chinese written by Ma Guorong in 1990, referred to as “Ma's Version”.