본 연구는 서면 인터뷰 방법을 통해 아버지의 자녀와의 프로그램 참여 경험을 조사하고, 그 경험의 의미와 효과에 대한 아버지의 생각을 탐색하 였다. 또한 앞으로 아버지가 자녀와 함께 참여를 희망하는 프로그램 1순위 가 무엇인지 조사하고, 그러한 프로그램의 개발 및 활성화를 위해 필요한 지원 방안이 무엇일지 탐색하였다. 연구대상자는 첫째(또는 외동) 자녀와 함께 프로그램 참여 경험이 있는 아버지들 21명을 의도적 표집 방법으로 선정하였고, 자녀의 연령대별(아동기, 청소년기, 초기 성인기)로 각각 7명 씩 균등하게 표본을 구성하였다. 연구를 위해 서면 인터뷰 방법을 활용하 였다. 연구 결과, 아버지가 자녀와 함께 참여하였던 프로그램의 유형은 크 게 4개로 분류되었으며, ‘부모 참여’, ‘운동 관련’, ‘체험활동’, ‘홍보활동’ 중심으로 나타났다. 프로그램 참여에 대한 아버지의 의미 부여는 ‘긍정적 인 차원’과 ‘부정적인 차원’의 양극단으로 나뉘었으며, 프로그램 참여로 인 한 효과는 ‘긍정적’, ‘변화 없음’, ‘부정적’의 범주로 결과가 제시되었다. 아버지가 자녀와 함께 참여하기를 희망하는 프로그램에 대한 선호도는 ‘활 동중심’ 프로그램이 ‘상담중심’ 프로그램보다 더 높게 나타났다. 이러한 연 구 결과를 바탕으로, 본 연구는 가족, 사회, 프로그램 차원에서 아버지-자 녀 프로그램의 개발 및 활성화를 위해 필요한 지원 방안을 제안하였다.

본 연구는 대한민국에 거주중인 새터민 391명을 대상으로 2022년 3월부터 2023년 7월까지로 1년 4개월간 북한에서 거 주할 당시 이용한 식물 이름과 형태, 이용방법에 대해 질의응답 하였다. 면담자들의 평균 연령은 58.76세로 50대가 주로 참여 했다. 면담조사를 통해 동정한 분류군은 48목 102과 310속 472종으로 확인되었다. 그 중 자생식물이 71.40%를 차지했으 며, 재배식물은 25.21%, 외래식물은 3.39%로 확인되었다. 이 용현황에 대한 양적분석을 수행한 결과, 미나리가 상대적인용빈 도(RFC=0.928)에서 가장 높은 값을 보였다. 이용 범주 별 인용 빈도를 분석한 결과, 21개의 범주가 확인되었으며, 가장 많이 활용된 범주는 식용이었다(23,656회 인용, 전체 60.48%). 면담 조사를 통해 확인된 분류군 수는 472종으로 확인하였는데, 또 한 민속식물 동정 시 면담자들의 기억에 의존하여 사진자료를 통해 동정했다는 점에서 한계점이 있으나 본 연구에서 구축한 민속식물 전통지식 DB를 활용한 추가적인 분석을 통해 북한지 역의 사회적･문화적･경제적 통찰이 가능한 다학제간 연구로 확 대할 수 있을 것이라 기대한다.

Background: Early diagnosis and intervention of sarcopenia require awareness among health care professionals. However, there is currently no sarcopenia survey specifically targeting Korean physical therapists, and there is a lack of tools available for conducting such research. Cognitive interviewing (CI) is widely recommended as a pre-test method to refine and enhance questionnaire items before initiating a survey, ensuring that the questions are wellsuited to the research objectives. Objectives: This study aimed to revise and review the items of a sarcopenia questionnaire for administration to Korean physical therapists using CI. Design: Qualitative research. Methods: Six physical therapists participated in interviews to review and develop survey questions related to sarcopenia. The questions were evaluated based on their clarity, the comprehensibility of the terms used, the confidence with which respondents could recall relevant information, the appropriateness of the difficulty level, and suggestions for improving the questionnaire. Results: Participants encountered issues such as difficulty understanding the questions, unclear or incorrect answer options, and unfamiliar terminology. Conclusion: The sarcopenia questionnaire was revised and improved through CI. Additionally, the study identified specific areas where physical therapists may struggle with sarcopenia-related content, including terminology and knowledge gaps.

인공지능으로 대표되는 급격한 사회 변화는 학교 교육의 개선을 요구하고 있고, 일부 지역에서는 국제 교육과정인 IB를 공교육에 도입하여 운영하고 있다. 본 연구는 미래형 교육을 준비하기 위하여 IB PYP에 서 시사점을 얻고자 하였으며, 이를 위하여 IB PYP에 관한 문헌 연구와 관계자 심층 면담을 실시하였다. 문헌 연구를 통해 총론적, 각론적 수준에서 2022 개정 교육과정과의 비교·분석하였고, 심층 면담을 통해 개념기반 탐구학습, 공유와 협력의 문화 등의 특징을 추출하였다. 연구를 통해 학교 교육 개선 방안으로 교사 수준 교육과정, 개념기반 탐구학습의 확산, 학년별 특성에 맞는 중점 교수·학습 방법을 적용할 것을 제안하였다.

현상학 연구는 질적 연구방법 중에서도 현상의 이면을 밝혀 그 본질을 도출하는 방법론이다. 이런 본래 의 현상학적 연구의 취지를 살려 연구의 성격에 맞춰 현상의 본질을 드러낼 수 있는 다양한 현상학적 방법 론이 적용될 필요가 있다. 하지만 현상학적 방법론은 현실적으로 지오르지(Giorgi)와 반마넨(Van Manen) 의 방법론에 치우쳐 있는 실정이다. 이런 문제의식을 바탕으로 본 연구자는 청소년의 학교폭력 경험에 적용 한 현상학적 자기평가방법의 분석방법을 고찰했다. 이 방법론은 환원과정이 4단계로 구체적이어서 현상학 의 본래 취지인 본질에 도달하는데 적합하다고 생각한다. 구체적으로 학교폭력 피해학생의 심층인터뷰를 활용해 현상학적 자기평가방법의 환원과정을 이 연구에서 보여주었다. 이 현상학적 자기평가방법은 사회복 지학이나 사회학에서 다루는 현상의 본질을 파악하기에 적합한 연구방법이라 할 수 있다.

This study reveals how interview discourses embodied in higher-level genres vary according to the discourse purpose and institutionalization level. Specifically, it analyzes episodes of news briefing and the entertainment program Hope Song at Noon, discussing street dance craze. Questions and answers dominated the discourse following the interview structure of news programs. The structure of questions and answers was accompanied by entertainment program talks. Regarding the characteristics of the interview questions and discourse, the news program delivered information as a social issue, while the entertainment program focused on interactions with dancers and entertainment activities. Thus, news programs shape discourse along a social dimension, while entertainment programs highlight individuals’ attractiveness and influence. Further, while news program viewers speak in a limited manner, listeners directly and actively participate in interview discourses in entertainment programs, which are embodied through language choices. Here, news programs employ formal language and normative and comprehensive vocabulary, and entertainment programs use every day and colloquial language and entertainment-specific vocabulary. This observation is significant as it examines entertainmentization of information and the informatization of entertainment.

Previous studies on English spelling have investigated the types of spelling errors and their frequencies, and studies on why learners made those errors have been called for. This study aimed to identify factors leading to errors in the English-spelling of Korean elementary school students. The factors were investigated by using the following methods: A total of 130 students from O Elementary School were given three types of word-writing tasks: dictation of single words, dictation of short sentences, and writing words as many as the students can based on pictures depicting familiar scenes. The errors in their writing samples were classified into five types. The students were interviewed about why they made those errors. The results showed that the errors were influenced by the factors: the students’ first language, background knowledge, pronunciation, and morphological reasons. The results suggest that if teachers understood these factors, they would be able to explore better teaching methods for reducing errors in English spelling, and that future research could apply these factors for further investigations.

This study was conducted to in-depth understand and describe the thoughts and experiences of nursing students in the practice of the intensive care unit. Data was collected through focus group interviews with 14 nursing students who voluntarily participated in the study targeting students who practiced the intensive care unit and analyzed by the content analysis. As a result of the study, two themes, 'ethical challenges faced in intensive care unit practice' and 'incomplete reflection, were derived. The categories included in the former were 'feeling wrong in the appearance of a nurse', 'thinking about a good nurse', 'thinking about the cause of the wrong practice', and the categories included in the latter were ''fear of being assimilated', and 'pledge oneself by put yourself in someone else's shoes’. Based on these results, it is necessary to develop ethics education to become a nurse who can form correct ethical comfortment, including ethics education in clinical practice instruction as well as classroom instruction.

This paper aims to analyze the functions and characteristics of ‘ne/ye’ in news interviews, with specific focus on the neutrality and ambiguity of ‘ne/ye’ used by interviewers. In respect of its distribution, the interviewers used ‘ne/ye’ in the middle of the interviewees’ turn or after the interviewees completed a sentence. On the other hand, with regard to its functions, ‘ne/ye’ coming after the interviewees' completed sentences functioned as a continuer or an indicator of the interviewers' turn, while ‘ne/ye’ in the middle of the interviewees’ turn always functioned as a continuer. When used by interviewers, ‘ne/ye’ appeared ambiguous in its functions, given that ‘ne/ye’ was used consistently in the opening, Q&A sequences, and closing by the interviewers, and that ‘ne/ye’ could be used and interpreted as either a continuer or an indicator of the interviewers' turn. Based on the ambiguity of ‘ne/ye’, this paper concludes that both the interviewers and interviewees could keep interacting with each other by comprehending ‘ne/ye’ as a sign of turn-taking, thus enabling the interviewers to sustain neutrality throughout the entire talk and naturally allowing them to be loyal to their task of obtaining sufficient information from the interviewees to convey to the audience.

목적 : 본 연구는 척수손상 임산부를 위한 기능적인 욕창예방방석을 개발하기 위한 사전연구이다. 여성 척수손상 장애인 을 대상으로 포커스그룹인터뷰를 통해 욕창예방방석에 대한 사용 경험을 조사하여 제품의 개선 방향에 대한 욕구와 제품 개발과 관련된 중요한 요소들을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 욕창예방방석을 사용한 경험이 있는 여성 척수손상 장애인 총 7명을 대상으로 포커스그룹인터뷰를 실시하였다. 이 중 임신 중 방석을 이용한 연구참여자는 5명이다. 연구는 총 6단계로 1단계는 대상자 선정, 2단계는 사전준비, 3단계는 포커스그룹인터뷰, 4단계는 자료 전사, 5단계는 자료 분석, 6단계는 결과 도출 순으로 진행하였다. 포커스그룹인터뷰 진행 과정을 모두 녹화한 후 3명의 연구자가 각각 전사하여 공통된 주제에 대해 합의하고 개념, 범주, 주제로 분류화하여 분석하 였다. 결과 : 포커스그룹인터뷰 내용을 분석한 결과, 15개의 개념, 6개의 범주, 3개의 주제로 도출되었다. 3개의 주제는 욕창예 방방석의 구조, 디자인, 서비스로 도출되었다. 방석의 구조에서는 적정한 강도의 소재로 제작되어야 하며, 욕창 호발부위 와 이승을 고려하여 디자인되어야 한다고 나타났다. 방석의 기능은 압력을 조절할 수 있는 기능과 센서 기반의 피드백이 가능한 제품으로 제작되어야 한다는 의견이 있었다. 특히, 임산부 특성상 체중의 측정이 중요하고, 실금의 횟수가 많아질 수 있다는 점이 반영되었다. 추가적으로 서비스 관련해서는 방석을 지속해서 사용할 수 있게 방문서비스 및 커버 여분에 대한 사후관리 관련 욕구와 질 좋은 방석이 공적급여에 포함되어야 한다는 제도 관련 의견이 도출되었다. 결론 : 본 연구는 척수손상 임산부가 겪을 수 있는 고충을 이해하고 건강하게 아이를 출산하고자 하는 욕구를 반영하여 보조기기를 개발하는 과정에서 고려해야 할 점들을 제시했다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 이를 통하여 개발될 척수손상 임산부 를 위한 욕창예방방석은 추후 임신 과정에서 저해될 수 있는 일상생활활동과 삶의 질을 향상시킬 것으로 기대한다.

This qualitative study analyzed various environmental factors and difficulties faced by school foodservices during the COVID-19 pandemic. Focus group interviews were conducted by enrolling 12 nutrition teachers and nutritionists. Data collected were subsequently analyzed for changes implemented during the pandemic, in hygiene management, diet management, and distribution management of the school meal. The content and method of delivery of information related to diet guidance and school foodservice by related organizations were also examined. Results of the survey show that personal hygiene (such as maintaining student-to-student distance, checking students for a fever, and hand disinfection) was duly applied, installation of table coverings and distancing between school cafeteria seats were conducted, and mandatory mask-wearing to prevent droplet transmission was enforced. Depending on the COVID-19 situation, the number of students having school meals was limited per grade, and time-spaced meals were provided. To prevent infection, menus that required frequent hand contact were excluded from the meal plan. Overall, it was difficult to manage the meal plan due to frequent changes in tasks, such as the number of orders and meal expenses. These changes were communicated by nutrition teachers and nutritionists wherein the numbers of school meals were adjusted, depending on situations arising from each COVID- 19 crisis stage. Furthermore, in some schools, either face-to-face nutrition counseling was stopped entirely, or nutrition education was conducted online. Parent participation was disallowed in the monitoring of school meals, and the prohibition on conversations inside the school cafeteria resulted in the absence of communication among students, nutrition teachers, and nutritionists. Additionally, confusion in meal management was caused by frequent changes in the school meal management guidelines provided by the Office of Education and the School Health Promotion Center in response to COVID-19. In anticipation of the emergence of a new virus or infectious diseases caused by mutations in the years to come, it is suggested that a holistic, well-thought-out response manual for safe meal operation needs to be established, in close collaboration with schools and school foodservice-related institutions.

This paper first surveys three kinds of learner interview corpora (LINDSEI, NICT-JLE Corpus, and Trinity Lancaster Corpus), paying particular attention to their interview structures. Then, it explains the principles and features of the ICNALE Spoken Dialogue (ICNALE SD), which includes 425 videos and approximately 1.6-million-word transcripts of the L2 English interviews with 405 learners from ten regions in Asia and twenty native speakers. The ICNALE SD is one of the largest learner interview corpora and practically the sole dataset for the analysis of dialogue speeches by various Asian learners. As a case study based on the ICNALE SD, the author sought to find out how fluently learners in different regions speak in the interviews, which words they characteristically use, and which relationship is observed among them.

The purpose of this study was to develop an efficient method for Korean food to make inroads into Paraguay. In-depth interviews with 15 Korean restaurant owners in Asuncion, Paraguay and foodies (food experts) who had experiences with Korean food were conducted. The results are as follows: Paraguay wants to establish economic ties with Korea currently, and economic development is ongoing in Paraguay. The food service industry for the middle class in Paraguay is now in the development stage. There are not many Korean restaurants (currently 15) in Asuncion. First and second generation Korean immigrants are operating these restaurants. It is necessary to provide support for a comprehensive food culture system by developing a menu composition system to meet local tastes, a strategy for improving distribution of Korean food materials, and a plan for sanitary management and operations.

본 연구는 급변하는 사회복지환경 변화에서 기능 및 역할에 대하여 심각한 도전을 받고 있는 종합사회복지관의 실태 및 현황을 바탕으로 개선방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구방법은 서울소재 5개 종합사회복지관의 실무자가 기관별 각각 1명씩 선정되어 1시간 정도의 인터뷰를 진행하였다. 연구결과를 살펴보면, 첫째, 환경변화에 따른 종합사회복지관의 사업추진에 어려움이 있고, 이를 해결하기 위한 개선방안을 제시하였다. 즉, 최근에 종합사회복지관의 지역조직화 사업의 추세는 마을 공동체, 마을 만들기 등이다. 그러나, 이러한 사업들이 지자체의 일방적인 계획 및 추진으로 진행됨에 따라 많은 폐단이 발생하고 있는 실정이다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 사업추진을 위한 인프라 구축이 필요하고, 실질적인 예산지원이 이루어져야 한다. 둘째, 종합사회복지관의 정체성 및 전문성이 위기를 맞아하고 있는 실정이다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 최근에 5대 사업영역에서 3대 사업기능으로 전환이 이루어졌다. 그러나, 이러한 노력에도 불구하고 종합사회복지관의 전문성 및 정체성 확립은 먼 상황이다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 종합사회복지관의 지역 내에서 주어진 역할을 수행하기 위하여 기관의 성격과 정체성이 분명하게 되어야 한다. 이를 위해서는 종합사회복지관의 조직 및 인력에 대한 포괄적인 구조조정 및 혁신이 필요하다. 셋째, 지역의 특성에 맞는 종합사회복지관이 없는 실정이다. 이를 해결하기 위해서는 주민조직화 및 복지네트워크를 구축해야 하며, 이를 통해 복지마을 만들기가 이루어져야 하고, 지역사회관계망을 통해 형성된 사회적 자본을 통한 지역복지실천의 내실화를 실천해야 한다.

This study aimed to identify efficient methods for the globalization of Korean food in Vietnam. For this, we interviewed owners of 11 Korean restaurants in Hanoi and 9 Korean restaurants in Ho Chi Minh. Due to the rapid economic development of Vietnam, the restaurant industry for the middle class has drastically increased. For the globalization of Korean food, new positioning of Korean restaurants is needed. Research has shown that Korean restaurants need to change their style of management. Although the first generation of Korean restaurant owners managed restaurants as a family business, a new professional management system is now required. Above all, it is necessary to develop and support a comprehensive food culture system in which the menu is suited to the taste of the natives and its recipe is distributed with food material quality control, hygienic control, and operation of a localized management system.

The purpose of this research was to reveal how Korean food is currently perceived by the “foodies” of New York City and to determine what social status Korean food has in the city that is deemed the “Restaurant Capital of the World.” In-depth personal interviews were performed to provide a deeper insight into the comments and subject matters. Most foodies selected kimchi and Korean barbecue as the most distinctive foods in Korean dining. Korean food's distinguishing traits were extracted in four areas: specific ingredients and tools, preparation procedures, and rules. Sensory characteristics, local adaptation, service, side dishes, and the main strengths and short-comings of Korean foods were investigated. Perception toward the taste of Korean food was generally positive, but poor quality of service and lack of organization in establishments were found to be negative factors.

The present study explored the experiences of six elementary teachers as they had strived to develop expertise in teaching English since it was introduced as a regular subject in 1997. The focus was on what they have done for their professional development, what they perceive to have influenced on the acquisition of expertise, and how they reflect on their professional growth over time. Two rounds of life story interviews were conducted with each teacher, and they were all recorded on digital audiotape and transcribed verbatim. Interviews centered on uncovering teachers’professional histories, teacher education experiences, past and current work with children, conceptions of themselves as an English teacher, critical incidents in their teaching careers, and their future career plans. Five themes emerged from the content analysis of the interview data. They include teacher development as social development; the unique challenges of being and becoming an English teacher; learning for and from students; developmental concerns and needs in teachers’ career cycle; and the impact of policy changes on teachers. The study concludes with some implications for educating in-service teachers.