In this study, we collected and analyzed the current status of licenses for the limited fishery business and divided the problems related to licenses for the limited fishery business into partial damage compensation and cancellation compensation areas. In the case of partial damage compensation areas due to existing public water use projects, it is suggested that the issuance of licenses for limited fishery businesses should be reconsidered. In the case of cancellation compensation areas, it is recommended that the disposition of communal fishery businesses that do not require capital investment should be the principle. If capital such as facilities are invested, compensation should be made by Article 52 of the Enforcement Decree of the Land Compensation Act if the licenses for limited fishery business are closed due to other development projects. In addition, we proposed an improvement plan to establish a rational management system for licenses for limited fishery businesses. In addition to these improvement measures, we hope that further investigation and research on licenses for limited fishery business, which have been insufficient so far, will be conducted to promote the comprehensive use of fisheries resources and waters and the sustainable development of fisheries that are the objectives of the Fisheries Act, and contribute to the improvement of the quality of life of the people and the balanced development of the national economy.

현재 우리나라 청소년들의 사망률에 있어서 자살은 압도적인 수치를 기록하고 있다. 그러나 자살시도는 우발적으로 일어나기보다는 자살생각 의 빈도가 높을수록 자살시도가 많아진다는 것에 주목하였다. 이에 본 연구는 청소년기에 가장 많은 시간을 보내는 학교와 오프라인을 넘어 지 속되는 SNS에서 일어나는 사건에 초점을 맞추어 청소년의 학교생활만족 도와 자살생각의 관계에서 사이버불링 피해 경험의 매개효과를 검증하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해 ‘2020 아동·청소년 인권실태조사’에 응 답한 고등학생 2,460명을 대상으로 부트스트랩 검증을 한 결과 첫째, 학 교생활만족도는 사이버불링 피해 경험과 자살생각을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 사이버불링 피해 경험은 자살생각을 높이는 것으로 확인 되었다. 마지막으로 학교생활만족도와 자살생각의 관계에서 사이버불링 피해 경험은 부(-)의 방향에서 부분매개하였다. 이러한 결과는 학교생활 만족도가 사이버불링 피해 경험을 감소시킨 뒤 차례로 자살생각을 낮추 는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 즉, 자살생각을 감소시키기 위해서는 사이버불링 의 피해를 낮추는 것과 동시에 학교생활만족도를 높이기 위한 접근이 필 요하다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 후속연구를 위한 제언을 하였다.

현상학 연구는 질적 연구방법 중에서도 현상의 이면을 밝혀 그 본질을 도출하는 방법론이다. 이런 본래 의 현상학적 연구의 취지를 살려 연구의 성격에 맞춰 현상의 본질을 드러낼 수 있는 다양한 현상학적 방법 론이 적용될 필요가 있다. 하지만 현상학적 방법론은 현실적으로 지오르지(Giorgi)와 반마넨(Van Manen) 의 방법론에 치우쳐 있는 실정이다. 이런 문제의식을 바탕으로 본 연구자는 청소년의 학교폭력 경험에 적용 한 현상학적 자기평가방법의 분석방법을 고찰했다. 이 방법론은 환원과정이 4단계로 구체적이어서 현상학 의 본래 취지인 본질에 도달하는데 적합하다고 생각한다. 구체적으로 학교폭력 피해학생의 심층인터뷰를 활용해 현상학적 자기평가방법의 환원과정을 이 연구에서 보여주었다. 이 현상학적 자기평가방법은 사회복 지학이나 사회학에서 다루는 현상의 본질을 파악하기에 적합한 연구방법이라 할 수 있다.

본 연구에서는 국내 아스팔트 도로 현장에서 발생한 동절기 도로융기 현상의 발생 원인을 현장 규명하고 동결융해 피해를 보수하고 자 현장조사, 현장 LFWD실험 및 포장 코어채취, 지하수위 측정, 기상데이터 및 설계자료 분석 등을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 동상 원인 분석은 추후 동결융해 피해 재발방지를 위한 적정한 보수보강공법을 선정하기 위해 수행하였다. 분석과정은 지하수위 상승에 의한 동 상피해 가능성, 동결깊이 과소설계에 의한 동결융해 가능성, 포장면 표면수 유입에 의한 동결융해 가능성, 도로 외측 비포장면을 통한 수분유입과 이에 의한 동결융해 가능성으로 조사하여 동상 원인을 파악하였다. 또한 현장에서 소형충격 재하시험 LFWD(Falling Weight Deflctometer)시험을 하여 포장의 구조적 지지력을 측정하여 얻은 처짐값을 통해 포장체 구조적 능력을 분석함과 동시에 도로융기와의 연관성을 파악하여 균열분석 결과를 함께 분석하고 보수방법을 제안하였다.

This study was carried out to verify the effect of increasing the ambient temperature around apple trees by directly blowing warm-air under the slender spindle apple training system using an agricultural warm-air blower and ducts used in plastic house cultivation to develop late frost damage reduction technology during the blooming season. The temperature increase effect around apple trees owing to the operating warm-air blowing ducts was most evident at a height of 30 cm from the ground surface. At this height, the branch ducts made of Oxford fabric and Solartex showed a raised ambient temperature of about 2.6oC and 1.1oC, respectively. However, the temperature rising effect at a height of 130 cm and 230 cm from the ground surface owing to the operating warm-air blowing ducts was not distinct compared to that in the control. The effect of raising ambient temperature around apple trees through the operation of warm-air blowing ducts was found to be greater as the ambient temperature did not severely drop below the freezing temperature. Damage to the central flower in the apple inflorescence at the pink stage was significantly reduced in the warm-air blowing ducts made of Oxford fabric (42.8%) compared to that in the control (73.2%). However, the damage to other flowers except the central one was not significant compared to that in the control. The fruiting rate of the central and other flowers in the apple inflorescence depending on the operating warm-air blowing ducts was significantly increased compared to that in the control. The fruiting rates of central and other flowers depending on the ducts materials, such as Oxford fabric, and Solartex, and that of the control were 38.3%/82.7%, 31.4%/82.7%, and 0.5%/61.1%, respectively. In conclusion, in the case of open-field apple orchards, if the warm-air blowing duct is installed close to the laterals where frost damage mainly occurs in the slender- spindle dense cultivation system, the damage caused by late frost in the vicinity of blooming time can be reduced to some extent.

PURPOSES : This study intended to derive a methodology that can evaluate water splash caused by distress on the road surface based on experimental methods and to present quantitatively by analyzing the impact on road users. METHODS : Through literature review, the current problems of road pavement and drainage facility standards, the factors of road splash caused by puddle was selected to measure damage. Field measurements were conducted by setting different conditions for each factors and setting different conditions based on the hypothesis. In addition, water splash by surface distress type and puddle was measured to analyze using statistical techniques from correlation to multi-regression. RESULTS : The maximum and effective distance due to road splash increases as the driving speed, regardless of vehicle load and tyre type. Splash was measured according to the type of road distress to analyze the correlation between the influencing factors, and there was a weak correlation between the width and length of the puddle, depth and the effective distance. In addition, the interaction analysis showed that there was an interaction between the width of the water hole and the depth of puddle. Moreover, based on the multi-regression analysis, it was not statistical significant. This is judged to that the number of data samples used for this analysis is limited because the diversity of puddle conditions cannot be set differently for each type of distress. CONCLUSIONS : Since the distress of depending on the size, depth and shape of the road surface, it is necessary to calculate it and present maintenance standards, so this results present an experimental methodology that can intuitively evaluate damage cased by unestablished puddle. From this results, this is expected to be used as a quantitative indicator to evaluate the satisfaction of road users as a functional performance according to road surface condition.

본 연구에서는 디지털 게임 내 성폭력 피해 경험과 가해 경험의 내용과 특성에 대해 탐색하고자 하였다. 성폭 력 피해/가해 경험의 구체적인 내용과 정도, 성폭력 경험으로 인한 정서적 영향, 성폭력 피해시의 대처양식 등 을 조사할 수 있는 질문지를 개발하여 20세 이상의 게임 사용자들을 대상으로 온라인 설문을 실시하였고, 총 267명의 자료가 분석되었다. 그 결과, 연구참여자의 99.3%가 1회 이상 성폭력 피해를 경험하였고, 성폭력 가해 도 연구참여자의 62.5%가 경험한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 성폭력 피해와 가해 모두에서 간접적 성희롱이 가장 높은 수준으로 경험되고 있었다. 피해 경험으로 인한 정서적 영향에 있어, 지속적인 성폭력 피해가 있는 경우, 피해자들은 분노/짜증, 우울/불안, 적대감/스트레스를 유의미하게 높게 경험하였다. 피해 경험 시 대처전략은 ‘게임 내 신고시스템에 신고’가 가장 높게 나타났고, 다음으로 부정과 회피가 뒤따랐다. 가해 경험으로 인한 정서적 영향의 경우, 가해 상위 10% 집단이 하위집단에 비해 가해 행동을 통해 스릴/흥분과 같은 심리적 자극 을 경험하는 동시에 죄책감 등의 부정적 정서도 높게 경험하는 것으로 나타났다. 성폭력 피해/가해 경험의 정 도를 기준으로 집단 간 차이를 비교한 결과, 게임 이용 행동에 있어 집단 간 차이가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구는 특정 게임이 아닌 다양한 장르와 특성의 게임들에서 발생하는 성폭력의 내용과 정도 등의 구체적 인 실태를 파악했다는데 의의가 있다. 또한 해외 연구에서 사용된 연구 틀을 그대로 적용하지 않고, 우리나라 게임 사용자들의 디지털 게임 내 성폭력 경험에 대해 실제적으로 접근하였다는데 의의가 있다.

This study proposes a methodology for the regional seismic risk assessment of structural damage to buildings in Korea based on evaluating individual buildings, considering inconsistency between the administrative district border and grid lines to define seismic hazard. The accuracy of seismic hazards was enhanced by subdividing the current 2km-sized grids into ones with a smaller size. Considering the enhancement of the Korean seismic design code in 2005, existing seismic fragility functions for seismically designed buildings are revised by modifying the capacity spectrum according to the changes in seismic design load. A seismic risk index in building damage is defined using the total damaged floor area considering building size differences. The proposed seismic risk index was calculated for buildings in 29 administrative districts in 'A' city in Korea to validate the proposed assessment algorithm and risk index. In the validation procedure, sensitivity analysis was performed on the grid size, quantitative building damage measure, and seismic fragility function update.

Cnidium officinale M. is an important crop that is widely used as a raw material for health functional foods. However, it is experiencing cultivation difficulties due to climate change and abnormally high temperatures. In response to this problem, the characteristics and main causes of the high-temperature damage occurring in C. officinale M. cultivation fields were analyzed. A survey of five farmhouse fields in Jecheon and Bonghwa, major C. officinale M. cultivation areas in Korea in 2018, indicated that about 5% to 37% of the cultivation fields in Jecheon and 5% to 15% of the fields in Bonghwa died from wilting. The high-temperature damage of the C. officinale M. fields is divided into two categories: upper leaves drying due to solar radiation and temperature, and lower leaves dying serially to the radiant heat of the vinyl mulch. Damage caused by radiant heat was typically greater. This is due to the greenhouse effect that occurs in the small space between the black vinyl mulching and the soil. The heat radiated to the surface of the ridge creating an environmental condition that greatly exceeded the atmospheric temperature especially on hot days. As a result, short plants with underground parts, such as C. officinale M., can suffer more high-temperature damage than other plants, so it is considered that it is necessary to develop related technologies such as mulching materials that can reduce pavement temperature in the future.

This study was conducted with the aim of confirming the impact and relative contribution of extreme weather to dry matter yield (DMY) of silage corn in the central inland region of Korea. The corn data (n=1,812) were obtained from various reports on the new variety of adaptability experiments conducted by the Rural Development Administration from 1978 to 2017. As for the weather variables, mean aerial temperature, accumulated precipitation, maximum wind speed, and sunshine duration, were collected from the Korean Meteorological Administration. The extreme weather was detected by the box plot, the DMY comparison was carried out by the t-test with a 5% significance level, and the relative contribution was estimated by R2 change in multiple regression modeling. The DMY of silage corn was reduced predominantly during the monsoon in summer and autumn, with DMY damage measuring 1,500-2,500 kg/ha and 1,800 kg/ha, respectively. Moreover, the relative contribution of the damage during the monsoons in summer and autumn was 40% and 60%, respectively. Therefore, the impact of autumn monsoon season should be taken into consideration when harvesting silage corn after late August. This study evaluated the effect of extreme weather on the yield damage of silage corn in Korea and estimated the relative contribution of this damage for the first time.

Recently, the importance of impact-based forecasting has increased along with the socio-economic impact of severe weather have emerged. As news articles contain unconstructed information closely related to the people’s life, this study developed and evaluated a binary classification algorithm about snowfall damage information by using media articles text mining. We collected news articles during 2009 to 2021 which containing ‘heavy snow’ in its body context and labelled whether each article correspond to specific damage fields such as car accident. To develop a classifier, we proposed a probability-based classifier based on the ratio of the two conditional probabilities, which is defined as I/O Ratio in this study. During the construction process, we also adopted the n-gram approach to consider contextual meaning of each keyword. The accuracy of the classifier was 75%, supporting the possibility of application of news big data to the impact-based forecasting. We expect the performance of the classifier will be improve in the further research as the various training data is accumulated. The result of this study can be readily expanded by applying the same methodology to other disasters in the future. Furthermore, the result of this study can reduce social and economic damage of high impact weather by supporting the establishment of an integrated meteorological decision support system.

본 연구는 초등학교 학교폭력 피해와 그루밍성범죄 피해의 관계에서, 우울과 폭력 둔감성의 이중매개 효과를 검증하였다. 연구대상으로는 초등학교 학교폭력 피해를 경 험한 991명을 대상으로 하였으며, 연구분석은 SPSS 28과 PROCESS Macro Model 6 프로그램을 사용하였다. 그 결과 학교폭력 피해, 그루밍성범죄 피해, 우울, 폭력둔감성 모든 변수 간 99% 유의수준(p <.01)을 충족하는 정(+)의 상관관계가 나타났다. 먼저, 학교폭력피해와 우울, 폭력둔감성 간 관계에서는 모두 정(+)의 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 그루밍 성범죄피해 간 관계에서는 학교폭력피해와 폭력둔감성은 정(+), 우울은 부(-)의 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 학교폭력피해와 그루 밍성범죄 피해의 관계에서 우울과 폭력둔감성이 부분매개효과 및 이중매개효과를 검 증하였다. 그 결과 부분매개 하는 것으로 나타났으며, 하한값 .0001, 상한값 .0010으로 우울과 폭력둔감성의 이중매개효과가 나타남을 확인하였다. 따라서, 학교폭력피해 경험과 그루밍성범죄 피해 간 관계에서 우울감이 선행된 후 폭력에 둔감해지고, 이에 따른 그루밍성범죄 피해가 일어날 수 있음을 확인하면서 이 론적, 실천적 제언을 제시하였다.

Offshore wind power development has been promoted in countries around the world to cope with global warming. Despite its many advantages, offshore wind power affects the marine environment during construction and operation. As a result, the reduction of fishing areas, changes in the habitat of marine animals, damage to fishing gear, and impeding the safety of fishing activities are occurring. If the offshore wind power generation project is carried out, a fishing damage investigation is nescssary. There are only four fishing damage investigations related to offshore wind power, which are being conducted similarly to the existing fishing damage investigation related to offshore construction. Therefore, this study reviewed and analyzed the report on fisheries damage investigation related to offshore wind power conducted in Korea and suggested problems and improvement measures accordingly.

This study aims to analyze the cost of climate change damages to laver and sea mustard aquaculture, which are considered to be highly vulnerable to climate change in Korea. For this purpose, the correlation between aquaculture production and climate factors such as water temperature, salinity, air temperature, and precipitation was estimated using a panel regression model. The SSP scenario was applied to predict the changes in production and damage costs due to changes in future climate factors. As a result of the analysis, laver production is predicted to decrease by 18.0-27.2% in 2050 and 20.6-61.6% in 2100, and damage costs are predicted to increase from 29.7-50.8 billion KRW in 2050 to 35.7-116.1 billion KRW in 2100. Sea mustard production is projected to decrease by 24.5-37.2% in 2050 and 24.0-34.5% in 2100, with similar damage costs of 41.1-61.8 billion KRW and 41.1-58.6 billion KRW, respectively. These damage costs are expected to occur in the short term as damage caused by fishery disasters such as high temperatures, and in the long term as a decrease in production due to changes in aquaculture sites. Therefore, measures such as strengthening the forecasting system to prevent high-temperature damage, developing high-temperature-resistant varieties, and relocating fishing grounds in response to changes in aquaculture sites will be necessary.

이 연구는 교도관들이 직무수행 중 경험하는 교정사고와 폭력피해의 유형과 규모를 측정하고, 교정사고와 폭력피해의 경험이 교도관들의 직무스트레스와 직무만족도에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 하는 목적으로 진행하였다. 4개 지방교정청 산하의 15개 교정시설을 선정한 후 총 385명의 교도관을 대상으로 그들의 각종 교정사고 경험에 대한 데이터를 수집하였으며 더불어서 직무스트레스 와 직무만족도를 측정하였다. 먼저 12개의 교정사고 유형별로 경험빈도를 측정하였는데, 빈도와 비율이 가장 높 은 것부터 5개를 순서대로 나열해 보면, 수용자 간 언어적 폭력, 수용자 간 정서적 폭력, 교도관에 대한 수용자의 언어적 폭력, 교도관에 대한 수용자의 정서적 폭력, 수 용자들의 소란과 난동의 순이었다. 교도관에 대한 수용자의 신체적 폭력은 수용자들 의 자해와 비슷한 빈도와 비율을 보였으며(60% 내외), 교도관의 직접 경험담을 통해알아 본 교도관의 폭력피해의 구체적 사례를 감안하면 교도관을 향한 수용자들의 폭 력의 심각성이 상당히 크다는 사실을 알 수 있었다. 교정사고 경험과 수용자로 부터의 폭력피해가 교도관의 직무스트레스와 직무만족도 에 미치는 영향에 대한 분석결과, 선행연구들의 결과와 일치하는 경향을 보였다. 다시 말해, 수용자들이 교정시설 안에서 일으키는 각종사고와 교도관에 대한 폭력은 교도 관들의 직무스트레스에 부정적인 영향을 준다는 것이 입증되었다. 특히 교도관들의 폭력피해가 직무스트레스에 미치는 영향이 상대적으로 크다는 것도 알 수 있었다. 교정사고 경험과 폭력피해가 직무만족도에 미치는 과정에서 직무스트레스의 효과 여부를 확인하기 위해 시행한 분석에서 직무스트레스는 교정사고 경험과 폭력피해 경 험이 직무만족도에 미치는 영향을 매개한다는 것도 경험적으로 지지되었다. 이러한 결과를 기반으로 교도소의 안전을 달성하고, 교도관들의 직무 위험을 낮추 며, 폭력피해의 트라우마를 회복하도록 도와주기 위해서는 교도소의 각종 폭력에 대 한 보다 본격적인 연구와 연구결과에 기반한 근거기반 정책의 수립과 집행이 필요하 다는 것을 제언하였다.

This study was conducted to estimate the damage of Whole Crop Corn (WCC; Zea Mays L.) according to abnormal climate using machine learning as the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and present the damage through mapping. The collected WCC data was 3,232. The climate data was collected from the Korea Meteorological Administration's meteorological data open portal. The machine learning model used DeepCrossing. The damage was calculated using climate data from the automated synoptic observing system (ASOS, 95 sites) by machine learning. The calculation of damage was the difference between the dry matter yield (DMY)normal and DMYabnormal. The normal climate was set as the 40-year of climate data according to the year of WCC data (1978-2017). The level of abnormal climate by temperature and precipitation was set as RCP 4.5 standard. The DMYnormal ranged from 13,845-19,347 kg/ha. The damage of WCC which was differed depending on the region and level of abnormal climate where abnormal temperature and precipitation occurred. The damage of abnormal temperature in 2050 and 2100 ranged from -263 to 360 and -1,023 to 92 kg/ha, respectively. The damage of abnormal precipitation in 2050 and 2100 was ranged from -17 to 2 and -12 to 2 kg/ha, respectively. The maximum damage was 360 kg/ha that the abnormal temperature in 2050. As the average monthly temperature increases, the DMY of WCC tends to increase. The damage calculated through the RCP 4.5 standard was presented as a mapping using QGIS. Although this study applied the scenario in which greenhouse gas reduction was carried out, additional research needs to be conducted applying an RCP scenario in which greenhouse gas reduction is not performed.