간행물
한국버섯학회지 KCI 등재 Journal of Mushrooms (J. Mushrooms)
- 발행기관 한국버섯학회
- 자료유형 학술지
- 간기 계간
- ISSN 1738-0294 (Print)2288-8853 (Online)
- 수록기간 2003 ~ 2024
- 주제분류 농수해양 > 농학 농수해양 분류의 다른 간행물
- 십진분류KDC 525DDC 635
권호리스트/논문검색
제8권 제4호 (2010년 12월) 97건
21.
2010.12
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Phellinus gilvus(PG) is a medicinal mushroom belonging to the Hymenochaetaceae basidiomycetes, and has advantages over many Phellinus species due to its short growth period (3 mo), making it cheaper to produce. In the current investigation, we determined the major components of the ethyl acetate extract of PG responsible for its biological activities and further compared the magnitude of the antioxidant/anti-inflammatory activities of components with the various fractional extracts of PG. As the results, the average total DPPH radical scavenging activities of both Fd and Fc of PG was 10 mg/mL, > 95%. Among the fractional extracts of PG, Fd had the greatest inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 36.70㎍/mL, whereas Fb showed the lowest activity. PCA had even greater activity of NO inhibition than Fd with an IC50 value of 19.46㎍/mL. The mRNA expression of iNOS or COX-2 was nearly undetectable in the absence of LPS. However, LPS- stimulation markedly increased the expression of both iNOS and COX-2 genes. Fd inhibited the effect of LPS in a concentration-dependent manner. Six major compounds were identified from the ethyl acetate extract of PG, and protocatechualdehyde (PCA) was supposed to be the major phenolic compound of PG responsible for its DPPH free radical scavenging activity and its inhibitory effects on LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 cells. Further in vitro and in vivo experiments are currently underway to confirm this observation and to investigate the detailed molecular mechanisms involved in the process as well as the biological activities of other fractions of Fd.
22.
2010.12
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Jang, Myoung-Jun, Lee, Yun-Hae, Jung, Jae-Sik, Lim, Sung-Ryul, Yun, Yong-Hyun, Sungchul C. Bai, Ju, Young-Cheol
This study was carried out to determine the optimum dietary supplementation level of oyster mushroom in cherry salmon (Oncorhynchus masou masou). Juvenile cherry salmon averaging 5.0±0.5g (mean ± SD) were fed one of the five experimental diets containing 0, 3.5, 7.0, 10.5 and 14.0% oyster mushroom (D0, D3.5, D7.0, D10.5 and D14.0) for 12weeks. Increasing of dietary beta-glucan content were observed at a high dietary oyster mushroom powder. After the feeding trial, average weight gain (WG) of fish fed D0, D3.5 and D7.0 diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed D10.5 and D14.0 diets (P < 0.05), however there were no significant differences in WG among fish fed D0, D3.5 and D7.0 diets (P > 0.05). Average feed efficiency (FE) of fish fed D0, D3.5 and D7.0 diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed D10.5 and D14.0 diets (P < 0.05), however there were no significant differences in FE among fish fed D0, D3.5 and D7.0 diets (P > 0.05). Average hepatosomatic index (HSI) of fish fed D0, D3.5, D7.0 and D10.5 diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed D14.0 diets (P < 0.05), however there were no significant differences in HSI among fish fed D0, D3.5, D7.0 and D10.5 diets (P > 0.05). Therefore, these results indicated that the optimum dietary supplementation level could be greater than 3.5%, but less than 7.0% in juvenile cherry salmon under our experimental conditions. And additional research on the immune response will be necessary to carry out.
23.
2010.12
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Sparassis crispa is an edible and a medicinal mushroom, which commonly called cauliflower mushroom and this mushroom, has recently become popular in Asian countries like Korea and Japan. S. crispa can establish to be a good source material for foods and nutraceuticals due to their rich flavor compounds and much amount of b-glucan. Basidiomycetes mushrooms hold the biologically active polysaccharides in fruit bodies, cultured mycelium, and culture broth. Many factors are amenable for the antitumor activities of polysaccharides such as water solubility, molecular size and their branch form. The antitumor activity was examined mainly in the β-glucan (1-3) branched moiety. The researchers suggest that the primary structure of purified β-glucan from the S. crispa possess the backbone structural units as β-(1,3)-D-glucan with single β- (1,6)-D-glucosyl side branching units in every three residues. Polysaccharide derived from S. crispa play an significant role in the antitumor activity. In vitro study revealed that the oral administration of S. crispa β -glucan results in suppressive effect on tumor growth and metastasis in lung cancer through the inhibition of tumor induced-angiogenesis. The researchers also suggests that this effects are not a result of direct action on the endothelial cells because cell growth, migration and capillary-like tube formation were not affected in the human umbilical vein endothelial cells by S. crispa β-glucan application.
24.
2010.12
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Auricularia auricula-judae has long been used as food and traditional remedies in Asian countries such as Korea and China. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro anti-tumor activity of various fractions from the ethanol extracts of Auricularia auricula-judae using various tumor cell lines. To do this, the mesh of Auricularia auricula-judae was mixed with 70% ethanol and heated at 1000C for 6 hrs and ethanol extract (ETOH) was collected. Ethanol extract was fractionated with dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate, n-butanol and a water extract at room temperature as well as concentrated in a vacuum concentrator at a controlled temperature(<500C). The P388D1 macrophage and Sarcoma 180, human NSCLC NCI H358 (bronchioalveolar) and SNU1 cells (Gastric carcinoma) were cultured in RPMI. As the results, the cytotoxicity of the fractional extracts decreased significantly (P<0.05) in a dose-dependent manner. Dichloromethane extract (1 mg/ml) was the highest (P<0.05) in all experimental cell lines. There was also a significantly different sensitivity (P<0.05) among the P388D1, Sarcoma 180, NCI H358 and SNU1 cells for the fractional extracts. According to IC50 values, the most potent cytotoxic activity of dichloromethane fraction was found in Sarcoma 180 and NCI H358 cell lines. Butanol fraction appeared more cytotoxic to SNU1 cell line and water fraction had the highest cytotoxicity in P388D1 cell line. We did not find any significant difference between MTT and SRB assays in their ability to estimate cytotoxicity in all cell lines. Our findings suggest a potent antitumor activity of various fractions from the ethanol extracts of Auricularia auricula-judae depending on the solvent fractions and tumor cell lines. Further in vitro and in vivo studies will provide more information on the active compounds responsible for these activities and their potential as an anti-cancer remedy.
25.
2010.12
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Cordyceps sensu lato is known as one of the largest genera in hypocrealean fungi and largest group of entomopathogenic fungi in Ascomycota. Approximately 400 species are members of Cordyceps s. l. and most of them are obligate symbionts of 10 orders of arthropods and false truffles specifically parasitizing Elaphomyces spp. Recently, Cordyceps s. l. was reclassified into Cordyceps sensu stricto, Elaphocordyceps, MetaCordyceps, and OphioCordyceps in three families (i.e., Clavicipitaceae, Cordycipitaceae, Ophiocordycipitaceae) with the evidence of recent multigene phylogenetic analyses coupled with morphological and ecological characters. With the closely related animal, plant and fungal associated genera (e.g., Balansia, Claviceps, Hypocrella and Torrubiella) of Cordyceps s. l., Cordyceps s. l. and its related genera in Hypocreales have been considered as one of the model systems in understanding the evolution of host affiliation in Kingdom Fungi. Here the overview of molecular systematic of Cordyceps was presented with its evolutionary hypotheses of host affiliation based on the ancestral state reconstruction from 162-taxon data set. In our results, the evolution of its host affiliation is largely characterized by frequent interkingdom host-jumps and ergot and grass endophytes (e.g., Balansia, Claviceps, Epichloe and Neotyphodium) are hypothesized to be derived from an ancestor that parasitized arthropods. Around 350 taxa have been included in the molecular phylogeny of Cordyceps s. l. after the new classification was proposed. Therefore, the progress and problems in current molecular phylogeny are also presented with introduction of the future research direction in molecular systematics and genomics of Cordyceps and its related genera.
26.
2010.12
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Lentinula edodes (shiitake mushroom) is a very popular edible, cultivated mushroom in Japan. There are post-storage problems with shiitake mushrooms, such as gill browning and cell wall lysis of the fruiting body, which can result in loss of fresh food quality and consequent loss of value. Lentinan is a cell wall component of beta-1, 3-linked-D-glucan with beta-1, 6 branches, which was isolated as an anti-tumor active-substance from L. edodes. Lentinan content decreases following harvest as a result of increased glucanase activity. We isolated one exo-glucanase encoding genes, exg21) and two endo-glucanase encoding gene tlg12) and glu1 from L. edodes. Transcription level of the exg2, tlg1 and glu1 gene increased after harvesting. Enzymes encoded by the genes have lentinan degrading activity, therefore, these genes are involved in lentinan degradation after harvesting. We also identified several cell wall degradation- related enzyme-encoding genes3), such as mixed-linked glucanase (mlg1), chitinases (chi1, chi29), chitin deacetylase (chd1), and chitosanase (cho1). It is revealed that transcriptional levels of these genes increased after harvesting, by real-time PCR. Glucanase and chitinase activity increased following harvest as results of increased transcription of these cell wall degradation-related enzyme-encoding genes. Increase of these cell wall degradation- related enzyme activities would cause cell wall lysis and lentinan degradation during post-harvest preservation. We identified laccase and tyrosinase encoding genes (lcc4 and tyr, respectively) by PCR-subtraction. The lcc4 was a novel laccase-encoding gene in L. edodes. Transcription levels of lcc4 and tyr increased after harvesting, and these genes would be involved in browning of the fruiting body. 1) Sakamoto et al. (2005) Current Genetics, 48: 195-203 2) Sakamoto et al. (2006) Plant Physiology 141: 793-801 3) Sakamoto et al. (2009) Current Genetics 55: 409-423
27.
2010.12
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Many researchers reported biodegradation of environmental pollutants by white-rot fungi. Toward in situ bioremediation, we have investigated biodegradation of environmental pollutants by litter-decomposing fungi. In our results, lignin-degrading enzymes produced from litter-decomposing fungi are thought to participate in degradation of pentachlorophenol (PCP) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-DA). Then, we examined the biodegradation of PCP, 2,4-DA and the analogs of 2,4-DA by purified laccase and the role of redox mediator on laccase reaction. Laccase purified from Calvatia craniiformis decomposed phenolic compounds, PCP and 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DP), but not non-phenolic compounds, 2,4-DA and 2,4-dichlorophenoxy ethanol (2,4-DE), even in the presence of redox mediators. To clarify the reaction mechanism between the substrates and redox mediators, quantum chemical analysis was applied using MOPAC 2009 and Gaussian 03. The results of the heat of formation and the perturbation energy showed that even redox mediator radicals could not oxidize the non-phenolic compounds. Previously several reports showed that laccase-redox mediator systems decomposed non-phnolic compounds, but we propose that the system could not react on the chlorinated aromatic compounds based on the result of quantum analysis.
28.
2010.12
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Addition of ammonia or any nitrogenous materials to the soil that release ammonia causing alkaline condition during decomposition stimulates the fruiting of a particular chemoecological group of fungi, called ammonia fungi (Sagara 1975). The study of ammonia fungi by artificial application of urea in forest soil has been done in diverse geographical regions such as in Japan, Taiwan, New Zealand, Western Australia, and UK. Up to date about 70 species of ammonia fungi have been recorded in those regions. However, ammonia fungi in the boreal forest of American continent have not yet been investigated. Thus, we collected the soils of A0 and the upper layer of HA horizons in plant pots from aspen forest near Edmonton, Canada. Thereafter, we applied urea (granular fertilizer; 46% nitrogen, 10 mg/g dry soil) in plant pots and incubated at 25˚C under 12 hours dark and light regime. After 40 days of incubation, several basidiomata of Coprinopsis species appeared. Among them one specimen was identified as C. rugosobispora based on macro- and microscopic features. Morphologically this species was very similar to C. phlyctidospora which was characterized by warty, ovoid basidiospores, and diverticulate veil elements. C. phlyctidospora has 4-spored basidia while C. rugosobispora had only 2-spored. In the beginning, it was thought probably it was only a 2-spored form of C. phlyctidospora. The basidiospore of C. rugosobispora (9.8-11.7×8.3-9.6㎛) was distinctly larger than that of C. phlyctidospora (8.4-10.6×6.0-7.6 ㎛). It was therefore separated from the C. phlyctidospora. Furthermore in this study we investigated its phylogenetic relationship based on the nuclear rDNA sequence in ITS regions and mating reactions among its close allies and further confirmed it as a distinct species. This is the first record of C. rugosobispora from American continent since it has been collected only from Europe (Belgium and Netherlands). Although urea effectively stimulated its occurrence but it has not yet been reported any other urea application studies so far. This indicates it is a new record in ammonia fungi as well.
29.
2010.12
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
[Aims] Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler has many commercial strains both morphologically and physiologically similar to each other. At present, detection of polymorphism in rDNA-IGS region (Babasaki, 2006) and/or RAPD marker (Zhang and Molina, 1995) is generally used for strain typing of L. edodes. However, it is rather time-and-cost consuming. Inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism (IRAP)-PCR method mainly used for horticultural crops takes less time and lower in cost in strain typing (Kalendar et al, 1999). In this study, we designed IRAP primers for L. edodes and verified their strain typing efficiency. [Method] Thirty three strains were provided for this study. Either fungal cultures on PDA or fungal tissues of fruit bodies were cut into approximately 4 x 4 x 4 mm. Total DNA of each samples were extracted by DNeasy Plant Mini Kit (QIAGEN). For PCR, IRAP primer set and Pfu-X polymerase (greiner) were performed. Based on LTR (Long Terminal Repeat) sequence in L. edodes, we designed one set of primers amplifying the regions between retrotransposons. Ampricons were electrophored for 50 min at 100 V on 1.7 % agarose gel with GelRed (Biotium) and evaluated under UV irradiation. [Results] The products obtained by IRAP-PCR were determined using mini-gel electrophoresis system. The band patterns of IRAP-PCR products differ among strains except the ones having the same parental cultivar. The detected bands were bright and clear without smearing. The IRAP-PCR products of fungal cultures on PDA and correlating fungal tissues of fruit bodies showed the same band pattern, suggesting that the procedure is highly reproducible. Thus, it is considered that IRAP-PCR with short ranged (ca. 1 kb) electrophoresis is a time-efficient and practical strain typing method of L. edodes.
30.
2010.12
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
This study was carried to investigate the suitable conditions of Pleurotus eryngii through precooling for the more long-term freshness. The time to be same temperatures between P. eryngii and storage room through precooling at 0℃ and 4℃ were showed 2 hours and 5.5 hours, respectively. P. eryngii was cooled within 6 hours and 18 hours at 0℃ and 4℃ with two type, forced air cooling and pressure cooling. After precooling, P. eryngii was packed 400±10g with anti-fog film, and then stored at 4±1℃. In all treatment of precooling, the weight loss was peaked at 25 days and hardness of P. eryngii were decreased at 10 days during storage. There were no significant freshness differences between precooling type and conditions. It was found that the optimum stored period of P. eryngii at 4℃ after precooling was estimated to be 30~35days. Consequently, it is necessary to elucidate efficient and economic precooling conditions.
31.
2010.12
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Yukiko Kinjo, Yan Li, Ruirong Yi, Jia ning Wan, Takeshi Yamaguchi, Norihiro Shimomura, Tadanori Aimi
In the past studies of Lyophlium shimeji, it was reported that the quantity of sufficient starch used as a carbon source was able to supply the factor that allows successful fruit-body formation without raising osmotic pressure in the medium. Glucoamylase are exo Glucosyl hydrolase, which catalyze the release glucose from the nonreducing ends of amylose, amylopectin, and other polysaccharides. Glucoamylase genes are found in many prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbes that use starch as a carbon source. It was believed to be important in the utilization of starch by the basidiomycetous fungus. Glucoamylase activity in the medium increased markedly during fruit-body formation. So study of the characteristic of glucoamylase in Pholiota nameko will provide the basis for P .nameko fruit body formation. In this research, in order to confirm the presence of glucoamylase gene in P. nameko genome, the genomic DNA was prepared from P. nameko NGW19-6 strain and was used as template to amplify the glucoamylases gene (PnGlu1). To prepare genomic DNA from the P. nameko NGW19-6 strain, the mycelium was grown on 10 ml of PD liquid medium (potato 200 g/l ,Glucose 20 g/l) prepared with tap water in a 100 ml Erlenmeyer flask and at 25°C for 7 days. Genomic DNA fragment encoding the glucoamylase protein (PnGlu1) were amplified by PCR with degenerate primer F15-GP2-AF/F15-GP2-BR. The primer pair was designed based on the amino acid sequences GLGEPKF and FDLWEEI, respectively, which are conserved in the glucoamylase protein of Laccaria bicolor. This produce fragments of approximately 400 bp. Next, to amplify the whole genomic clone of PnGlu1, oligonucleotide primer PnGP2F/ PnGP2R were designed based on the nucleotide sequence of DNA fragments amplified by cassette PCR method. The produced fragment has significant homology with glucoamylase of L. bicolor. To investigate the relationship between different composition of medium and glucoamylase expression, we checked the expression level of glucoamylase gene by realtime RT-PCR and measurement of glucoamylase enzyme activity.
32.
2010.12
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Detections of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during ectomycorrhiza establishment between Rhizopogon roseolus (shoro) and Pinus thunbergii were made microscopically using a nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) staining. Roots of P. thunbergii were aseptically infected with R. roseolus mycelium by using a Petri dish technique. From 2- to 4-week period after inoculation, initial mycorrhizal formation could be observed. Lateral root tips were treated with NBT and then observed under a light microscope. Depositions of blue formazan indicating O2- accumulation were detected mainly hyphal cells contacting with the roots surface. Observations of transverse section of the root revealed that depositions of blue formazan were also detected at the plasma membranes of the epidermal cells where the fungal hyphae were adhesively contacted. In the non-inoculated P. thunbergii roots, depositions of formazan were observed in root hair cells but not in epidermal cells. From 4- to 8-week period after inoculation, dichotomous mycorrhizas and extraradical mycelia were clearly observed. A section from the mycorrhiza treated with NBT showed that root tissue was surrounded by fungal mantle sheath, in which highly intensive reaction with NBT was demonstrated. The reactive formazan complexes were apparent in Hartig net hyphae between epidermal and cortical cells of the root. After 16 weeks following inoculation, morphology of mycorrhizas became variable, viz., initial, dichotomous and browned mycorrhizas. The browned mycorrhizas were characterized by wrinkled surfaces and sparse extraradical mycelia. The browned mycorrhizas were collected and treated with NBT. A section from the specimen showed that depositions were slightly observed only in the part of extraradical mycelia. These results suggest that O2- generations from both fungus and plant are involved with the early establishment of ectomycorrhizas between R. roseolus and P. thunbergii.
33.
2010.12
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Rhizopogon roseolus (Corda) Th. M. Fr. (=R. rubescens Tul. & Tul.), known as “shoro” in Japan, is a hypogeous basidiomycete that is an important ectomycorrhizal symbiont of the Pinaceae. Rhizopogon roseolus produced a fruiting body with a basic globose to subglobose shape. Basidiospores were encompassed in a glebal chamber in the fruiting body. However, little is known about basidiosporogenesis and nuclear behavior after karyogamy. We treated R. roseolus glebar chambers with Gimsa acid and observed their hymenium microscopically to characterize nuclear behavior and basidiosporogenesis. Our observations revealed the following five characteristics: ⅰ) meiosis and postmeiotic mitosis took place in the basidium; ⅱ) meiosis occurred in the center of the basidium; ⅲ) the sterigma appeared when the first meiotic division occurred; ⅳ) the center of the basidium constricted slightly when the second meiotic division occurred; ⅴ) after postmeiotic mitosis, asynchronous nuclear migration from the basidium to the basidiospores took place, producing eight uninucleate basidiospores. However, unusual nuclear behavior was frequently observed, indicating that regulations of the timing and the way of nucleus entering to the spores were not exact in R. roseolus.
34.
2010.12
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
[Object] Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid (GABA), a four-carbon non protein amino acid, is widely distributed in nature and acts as the major suppressive neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. Recently, GABA has been reported to have several physiological functions such as antihypertensive, diuretic, relaxing and antidiabetic effects. Due to these unique biological functions, GABA has been used as functional ingredients for functional foods. Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD), which catalyzes decarboxylation of L-glutamic acid to GABA, has been purified from mammals, higher plants, and some microorganisms and their properties have already been reported. On the other hand, mushrooms are commonly appreciated as healthy food due to their nutritional properties, such as low calorie, rich in fiber, vitamin and mineral. L-Glutamic acid and GABA are also commonly distributed in edible mushrooms. The fact that mushrooms accumulate GABA suggests the existence of GAD. However, the enzyme property of mushroom GAD has not been reported. In the present study, we tried to evaluate the property of Flammulina veltipes GAD, and the purification and characterization of enzyme is also investigated. [Methods and Results] Mushroom (fruit-body of Flammulina veltipes) used in this study was purchased in local market. GAD activity was determined by formation of GABA from L-glutamic acid in the presence of pyridoxal-5’- phosphate (PLP). The activity of enzyme was determined semi-quantitatively by color intensity of GABA on TLC analysis. Fruit-body was crushed and then centrifuged to separate supernatant and precipitate. To investigate the location of GAD, both supernatant and precipitate were subjected to enzyme reaction after dialysis. The enzyme activity of precipitate is stronger than that of supernatant. The formation of GABA was observed between pH 4 and 6 and the maximum color intensity of GABA was observed at pH 6. However, GAD activity was lost after dialysis for overnight against buffer of pH 6-11. These results suggest that GAD from Flammulina veltipes is stable at pH 4-5 in spite of its optimum pH for GABA production is around 6.
35.
2010.12
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
[Objective] The color is one of the important factor for commercial value of edible mushroom. Pleurotus cornucopiae is edible mushroom, naturally distributed in the northern part of Japan. Due to its beautiful yellowish color, P. cornucopiae is sometimes called as “Golden-Shimeji”. The unique flavor of this mushroom also help to enhacement its commercial value and the consumption of this mushroom has gradually increased. The yellow color of this mushroom is resistant against high temperature because the color is not diminished after deep-frying. These facts suggest that the structure and biosynthesis of this yellow color is very interesting. However, the report concerning about these profiles are none at all. In the present study, we tried to isolate yellow pigment from P. cornucopiae fruit body and some properties of the pigments were also investigated. [Methods and Results] The fruit body of P. cornucopiae was kindly given from Tanaka Machinery Corporation and kept in the freezer (-20°C) until use. The fruit body was homogenized with twice amount of ice cold distilled water with a mixer and subsequently filtered to be crude pigment solution. According to the result of ultra filtration by CentriPrep YM-10, molecular weight of the pigment was under 10,000. The resultant filtrate of YM-10 was concentrated by lyophilization and subsequently subjected to size exclusion chromatography (SEC) by Sephadex LH-20. Two different pigment fractions, brown and yellow, were obtained from SEC separation. According to the retention time of HPLC analysis with TSKgel G2500PWXL, the molecular weights of these two pigments are larger than size exclusion limit (Ca. 5,000). Moreover, detectable spot with ninhydrin reagent on thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis suggest that these pigments are guessed as peptide compounds. In addition, no color changes were observed after heating for 20 min at 100℃.
36.
2010.12
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Selection of desirable isolates and characterization in monosporous breeding of Flammulina velutipes
When we consider that most Flammulina velutipes are foreign varieties, and the international disputes of genetic resources increase, the development and distribution of domestic varieties are very important. Flammulina velutipes, which belongs to the Basidiomycot, have abundant vitamins, and is one of popular mushrooms. 6 varieties of Flammulina velutipes were collected, the selection of desirable isolates and characterization were conducted after monosporous isolation and breeding. After isolation of 1,200 monospores from 6 varieties, the final 10 monospores from each isolate were selected, and 250 isolates were obtained in 15 breeding combinations. Through an investigation of fruiting body, 29 lines were selected at first, then 6 lines at secondary step, and the last 3 lines. The biological characteristics was that mycelia growth was 0.6~2.0cm below 15 ℃, and 2.3~3.8cm at 20~25℃ showing the best result, on the other hand, 1.1~2.4cm at 30℃. There were no differences in pH, but the mycelia density of E-2-8 line seemed to be lower. Mycelia growth and density in some kinds of media such as MCM and MEM were most favorable, but worst in Wa medium. In D-1-10 and C-3-5 of selection lines, yield of fruiting body per bottle(850cc) was 120∼125g, number of effective stem was 299, and stipe length was 93∼95mm showing the best growth.
37.
2010.12
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
This study investigated physiological characteristics and genetic relationship of 30 strains of Lentinula edodes, collected from the Europe, Asia, North America and preserved in the Forest Mushroom Research Institute(FMRI). In physiological characteristics, Papua New Guinea strain was excellent mycelium growth in 25℃ for 7 days on PDA media. For all strains, the optimal temperature for mycelial growth, their tunicate and color of hypha were observed. It surveyed their mycelial growth on oak sawdust media in test tube and independence with inter-strains and cultivar developed in FMRI by strain's anastomosis culture. It was carried by RAPD using operon primers as molecular genetic methods, investigated genetic relationships among strains using UPGMA in NYSYSpc(2.1) according to the presence or absence of bands. <This research was supported by Technology Development Program for Agriculture and Forestry, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries>
38.
2010.12
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
‘Gongi-2ho’a new variety of oyster mushroom, fitting for the bag culture, was bred and by mating between monokaryons isolated from GMPO35338 and Jangpug. In the major characteristics of fruit body, the pilei were thick and dark-gray and the stipes were thick and long with softness. It was great in elasticity and cohesivness of tissue as compare to Suhan-1ho. The optimum temperature for the mycelial growth was around 26~29℃ and that for the pinheading and growth of fruitbody was around 14~18℃. In the bag culture, it was required around 20 days in incubation period and 5 days in primordia formation. The fruit body was grew vital and uniform. The yield were shown by 323.3g/1kg bag. This variety has high yielding capacity, cultivation stability and the resistance to the bacterial brown blotch disease.
39.
2010.12
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Ionizing treatments were applied at 5Gy, 10Gy, 50Gy, 100Gy and 500Gy to mushroom mycelium (Lentinula edodes) in order to assesss the effect of the gamma-ray radiation. We mutated by gamma irradiation, 12 strains were isolated. 9 strains of 12 strains were appeared antagonistic interaction on solid medium. Growth rate of mycelium in JMIR-3 and JMIR-6 strains were similar to their control. But, the growth rate of strain JMIR-1, JMIR-2, JMIR-4, JMIR-5, JMIR-7, JMIR-8, JMIR-9, JMIR-10, JMIR-11 and JMIR-12 had generally different compared to control. In the sequence of ITS region of selected strains, it was revealed that the total length ranged from 696 to 780bp. The reciprocal homologies of the ITS region sequences in 5Gy irradiation group (JMIR-5, JMIR-6, JMIR-7 and JMIR-8) and 10Gy irradiation group (JMIR-9, JMIR-10, JMIR-1 and JMIR-12) indicated 99%. The reciprocal homologies of the ITS region sequences in 500Gy irradiation group (JMIR-1, JMIR-2, JMIR-3 and JMIR-4) indicated from 95 to 99%. It seemed that mycelium growth and ITS sequence could be changed the irradiation dose of the gamma-ray radiation.
40.
2010.12
구독 인증기관·개인회원 무료
Eun Jung Kim, Won Sik Kong, Kab Yeul Jang, Pyung Gyun Sin, Yunjung Park, Young sook Hahn, Young Bok Yoo
This study was conducted to develop superior hybrids of Pleurotus ostreatus with di-mono and mono-monoka-ryon crosses. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA-PCR (RAPD-PCR) was used to compare its mitochondrial DNA profiles of hybrids using specific primers designed from microsatellite markers of Pleurotus salmoneo-stramineus. A total of fifty-six dikaryon-monokaryon hybrids were sampled for RAPD-PCR experiments and the results show that twenty-four hybrids were dikaryon and thirty-one hybrids were monokaryon. Interestingly, one hybrid was an intermediate form with the DNA profiles that are different from those of its parents. The DNA profiles from eighty-eight monokaryon-monokaryon hybrids were also analyzed by RAPD-PCR. The results of mitochondria DNA profiles show that seventy-one hybrids are the same to one of their parents, but seventeen hybrids show DNA profiles of both parents.
