발달장애아동은 사회적 의사소통의 기술을 개발하기 위하여 이른 시기의 진단과 의학적 치료가 매우 중요하다. 하지만 발달장애아동들은 공공 복지기관과 전문 의료시스템의 부족으로 인하여 의학적 치료에 큰 어려움을 가지고 있다. 특히 적은 수의 아동만을 대상으로 해야 되는 일대일 면접치료방법의 특이성으로 인하여 발달장애 아동은 장소, 시간, 비용의 문제에 직면하고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 다양한 상호작용의 기술과 보조기술, 서비스가 개발되고 있으며, 본 논문은 이러한 상호작용 디자인의 가능성을 탐색하고 더 나아가 치료시스템의 구체적 디자인개발을 목표로 한다. 본 연구는 학제간 협업, 빠른 프로보타입 개발, 전문가와 사용자 평가중심의 프로세스, 가상현실 기술, 시나리오 중심의 디자인을 주요 개발 방법론으로 적용하여, 상호작용치료시스템(ITS)의 구체적 사례를 개발하였다. 또한 상호작용치료시스템(ITS)을 치료기관과 협력하여 실제 임상실험에 적용함으로서 이러한 상호작용 다자인의 효용성과 타당성, 활용방안 등을 검증하였다.

Most TCOs such as ITO, AZO(Al-doped ZnO), FTO(F-doped SnO2) etc., which have been widely used in LCD,touch panel, solar cell, and organic LEDs etc. as transparent electrode material reveal n-type conductivity. But in order to realizetransparent circuit, transparent p-n junction, and introduction of transparent p-type materials are prerequisite. Additionalprerequisite condition is optical transparency in visible spectral region. Oxide based materials usually have a wide optical band-gap more than ~3.0eV. In this study, single-phase transparent semiconductor of SrCu2O2, which shows p-type conductivity, havebeen synthesized by 2-step solid state reaction at 950oC under N2 atmosphere, and single-phase SrCu2O2 thin films of p-typeTCOs have been deposited by RF magnetron sputtering on alkali-free glass substrate from single-phase target at 500oC, 1%H2/(Ar+H2) atmosphere. 3% H2/(Ar+H2) resulted in formation of second phases. Hall measurements confirmed the p-typenature of the fabricated SrCu2O2 thin films. The electrical conductivity, mobility of carrier and carrier density 5.27×10−2S/cm,2.2cm2/Vs, 1.53×1017/cm3 a room temperature, respectively. Transmittance and optical band-gap of the SrCu2O2 thin filmsrevealed 62% at 550nm and 3.28eV. The electrical and optical properties of the obtained SrCu2O2 thin films deposited by RFmagnetron sputtering were compared with those deposited by PLD and e-beam.

목 적: 자동굴절력계를 이용하여 얻은 자동굴절검사와 자각식 굴절검사를 비교하였다. 방 법: 성인 53명(106안, 평균연령 24.9±3.8세)을 대상으로 4종류의 자동굴절력계(RK-2, ARK-530A, RK-F1, NVision K-5001)로 굴절이상을 측정하고 자각식 굴절검사를 실시하였다. 결 과: 자각식 굴절검사와 자동굴절검사를 비교하면, 등가구면굴절력에서 유의한 차이가 있었고(F = 62.274, p = 0.000), 잭슨의 크로스실린더 0°에서와 45°에서의 굴절력에서도 유의한 차이가 있었다(J0; F = 10.546, p = 0.000, J45; F = 2.998, p = 0.018). 자각식 굴절검사와 자동굴절검사의 차이 값의 평균을 비교하면, 등가구면굴절력은 자동굴절력계가 음의 방향으로 더 크게 측정되었고, 잭슨의 크로스실린더 0°에서의 굴절력은 같거나 양의 방향으로 크게 측정되었으며 잭슨의 크로스실린더 45°에서의 굴절력은 동일하거나 음의 방향으로 더 크게 측정되었다. 자각식 굴절검사와의 일치비율은 RK-2가 15.1%, ARK-530A가 21.6%, RK-F1이 15.1%, NVision-K 5001이 33.0%로 나타났다. 결 론: 자동굴절력계로 얻은 자동굴절검사 결과는 자각식 굴절검사를 대체할 수 없으므로 자각식 굴절검사를 반드시 수행해야 한다. 그러나 자동굴절검사 결과는 자각식 굴절검사의 출발점으로 사용할 수 있다.

목 적: 마독스로드법(MR)과 수정된 토링톤법(MT)에서 사용하는 주시시표에 대한 조절반응량을 측정하여 수평사위량이 다르게 측정되는 요인을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 양안시기능이 정상인 성인 34명(24.44±3.47세)을 대상으로 원거리와 근거리에서 마독스로드법과 수정된 토링톤법으로 수평사위를 측정하고, 근거리(40cm)에서 문자시표와 점광원, 선조광을 주시할 때 조절반응량을 자동굴절력계(NVision-K 5001, Shin-Nippon, Japan)로 측정하였다. 결 과: 마독스로드법과 수정된 토링톤법으로 측정한 원거리와 근거리의 수평사위량은 외편위가 감소하는 (내편위의 증가) 경향으로 나타났다(DLP: p = 0.022, NLP: p = 0.045). 검사거리 40 cm에서 문자시표 (20/20, 20/30)와 점광원(녹색, 백색, 적색)을 주시할 때 조절반응량은 유의한 차이가 없었다(F = 0.990, p = 0.415). 마독스로드법과 수정된 토링톤법에서 40 cm에 위치한 녹색 점광원과 선광원에 대한 조절반응량은 선광원을 주시할 때 증가하였지만 유의한 차이가 없었다(P(MR) = 0.091, P(MT) = 0.128). 백색 점광원과 선광원에 대한 조절반응량은 유의한 차이가 있었고(P(MR) = 0.000, P(MT) = 0.037), 적색 점광원과 선광원에 대 한 조절반응량도 유의한 차이가 있었다(P(MR) = 0.002, P(MT) = 0.001). 결 론: 마독스로드법으로 측정한 수평사위량이 다른 사위검사보다 외편위의 감소(내편위의 증가)가 나타나는 것은 조절반응량이 증가로 인한 것이 아닌 선광원에 의한 근접성폭주의 과도한 작용으로 인한 것으로 사료된다.

목 적: 2년간의 추적을 통하여 초기 성년의 굴절이상 변화에 미치는 요인을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 2008년 3월과 2010년 3월 37명(74안)을 대상으로 조절마비 상태에서 Canon RK-F1으로 자동굴 절검사를 실시하였고 IOLMaster V.5.2(Carl Zeiss Meditec)를 이용하여 각막곡률반경, 전방깊이, 안축길이를 측정하였다. 2008년 피검자들의 나이는 18세에서 21세에 분포하였다. 결 과: 등가구면 굴절이상도는 -0.305±0.430D(t = 6.115, p = 0.000) 근시방향으로 진행하였으며 각막 곡률반경 변화량과 굴절이상도 변화량은 양의 상관성이 있었고(r = 0.282, p = 0.015), 굴절이상도 변화량과 AL/CR 비의 변화는 음의 상관성이 있었다(r = -0.240, p = 0.039). 굴절이상도 변화량과 안축길이 변화량의 상관성은 유의하지 않았다(r = -0.012, p = 0.388). 굴절이상도에 따른 변화에서 정시군에서는 등가구면 굴절이상도 변화와 각막곡률반경 변화 사이에서 유의한 상관성(r = 0.722, p = 0.002)이 관찰되었으나 등가 구면굴절이상도 변화와 안축길이 변화 사이에서는 상관성을 유의하지 않았다(r = -0.295, p = 0.286). 근시 군에서는 등가구면 굴절이상도 변화에 대한 각막곡률반경 변화와 안축길이 변화간의 상관성은 각각 r = 0.287, p = 0.048과 r = -0.046, p = 0.756으로 나타났다. 원시군에서는 등가구면 굴절이상도 변화와 상관성을 보이는 항목이 없었다. 2년간의 굴절이상도는 근시군에서 가장 유의한 변화를 보였다(t = 7.599, p = 0.000). 결 론: 굴절이상도 변화와 유의한 상관성을 보이는 항목은 각막곡률반경 변화와 AL/CR비의 변화였으며, 초기 성인들에 있어 주요한 굴절이상도 변화를 유발하는 요인은 각막곡률반경의 변화로 나타났다. 근시군에서 굴절이상의 변화양상이 현저하였으며, 초기 성인에서의 굴절이상도 변화는 안축길이 변화보다는 각막곡률변화와 관련이 있는 것으로 추정된다.

한국 이러닝 산업의 국내 시장은 포화상태이고 수출지역이 중국 및 일본에 국한되었기 때문에 수출지역 확대를 위한 신규시장 개척이 필요하다. 또한 해외 진출시 필요한 유통망 확보, 객관적 해외시장 정보, 접근전략 등이 포함된 종합적인 해외시장진출 정보 역시 지원되어야 할 시점이다. 이를 위해 한국의 이러닝 산업은 시장성이높지만 한국의 진출이 미미한 수준인 중동권 시장 진출을 추진할 필요가 있다. 또한중동지역 진출과 더불어 그 지역의 사회, 문화와 더불어 기업 현황, 교육 현황, 정부정책 등을 체계적으로 분석하여 추진전략을 세워야 한다.본 연구는 사우디아라비아와 UAE의 이러닝 현황을 조사하고 이러닝 정부정책 현황및 관련기관, 정부부처, 주요기업 등을 유목화 하였다. 그리고 조사내용을 분석하여사우디아라비아와 UAE의 이러닝 시장 진출 전략을 도출하였다. 본 연구의 결과는국내 기업의 이러닝 해외시장 개척 및 글로벌 역량 강화를 촉진하는 자료가 될 것으로 예상된다. 특히 중동권 대표국의 이러닝 시장 전망 및 분석을 통한 정책 수립과산업진출 및 사업전개를 위한 사업실시 매뉴얼 구성을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수있을 것이다.

In such special or precious occasions as a wedding ceremony, brides, handicapped or not, wish to wear a beautiful wedding dress. However, an ordinary wedding dress is not suitable nor convenient to a bride who has a bodily impediment. A one-piece type wedding dress, which even a normal bride needs assistants to help her wear, will create more inconvenience to crippled females. In this connection, this study is purposed to convert a normal ready-made wedding dress design into one suitable to the bodily handicapped females. For handicapped people on a wheelchair who generally put on and off a wedding dress while sitting on the chair, a one-piece type wedding dress is divided into the top and the skirt to make it a two-piece type wedding dress which is easy to get into and take off. The top should be separated from the skirt in such a manner that the wearer may not be aware of the division of the two pieces but easily put on and off since the sides or back of the top is opened. An opening is also given to the sides of the skirt so that handicapped people may sit on the skirt on the chair and then close the opening by themselves. Converting ready-made wedding dress design into functional clothes for handicapped people is really significant in that ready-made clothes can be recycled, their production cost reduced, and the economic burden of handicapped people relieved.

Lactic acid bacteria from traditional Korean foods of Tarak and Kimchi was isolated and characterized against carcinogenic Helicobacter pylori. Five Tarak and 30 Kimchi, traditional lactic acid-fermented foods, were collected from Andong area and the markets in Seoul, respectively and 15 lactic acid bacteria were isolated. Among them, two isolates were selected from high growth-inhibitory activities on H. pylori. The isolates were identified as Streptococcus thermophilus LAB kw15 from Tarak and Leuconostoc mesenteroides LAB kw5 from Kimchi by the biochemical characteristics and 16S DNA sequencing. The culture solutions of the isolates adjusted to pH 7.0 showed H. pylori inhibition. The isolates grew well and H. pylori did not grow during the co-culture with those strains. Therefore, L. mesenteroides LAB kw5 and S. thermophilus LAB kw15 might be the candidates as the functional lactic acid bacteria for improving stomach health.

The objective of this study was to assess the physicochemical characteristics of morning rolls containing various levels (0, 2, and 4%) of Makgeolli lees extract powder, which has nutritional and health effects. The results demonstrated that pH, moisture content, volume, weight, and baking loss rate of morning rolls were not significantly different among the groups. In the morning rolls with 4% Makgeolli lees extract powder, the Hunter's color 'a' (redness), but not L (lightness) or b (yellowness), was significantly higher than that in the other two groups. After estimating the texture quality of morning rolls, hardness, chewiness, and gumminess decreased significantly with added Makgeolli lees extract powder, but springiness was not significantly different. The results of the sensory test showed that appearance and texture increased as more Makgeolli lees extract powder was added, and that the overall acceptability score and air cell uniformity score for 2% and 4% Makgeolli lees extract powder morning rolls were significantly higher than those of controls. These results indicate that the texture and sensitivity of morning rolls can be increased by adding Makgeolli lees extract powder without affecting the overall quality.

Elution effect was studied by the reactions between Electric arc furnace(EAF)dust and conc. or dil. sulfuric acid for the purpose of recoverying of the useful metals afterwards. The methods of mixing with acids and EAF dust for the elutions were depend on the ratios of acid/EAF dust. Experimental results showed that increased the ratios of sulfuric acids, decreased the elution effects are on the Zn, Fe and Mn, and conc. sulfuric acid showed higher elution effects than dil. sulfuric acids for the all metals. But in case of Pb, dil. sulfuric acid showed higher elution effects than conc. sulfuric acids conversely. Furthermore, the reason of the extreamly low quantities of eluted Pb is caused by the low solubilities by sulfuric acids compared to the other metals, as the results of the insoluble Pb is removed by the process of filtering.

Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA-28)/Co-Al LDH 나노복합막은 유기화된 LDH를 사용하여 용액 삽입법으로 제조하였다. LDH의 유기화는 충간에 dodecyl sulfate (DS) anion을 삽입시켜서 제조하였다. 제조된 막의 특성을 알아보기 위하여 XRD, FT-IR, SEM을 측정하였다. EVA/LDH 나노복합막의 기체투과도는 압력 3, 4, 5 bar에서 LDH 함량 1, 3, 5 wt% 변화에 따라 조사하였다. O2와 CO2의 투과도는 1 wt% LDH에서 최소값을 가지며 LDH 함량이 증가하면서 입자의 응집현상으로 인하여 투과도는 증가하였다. O2 대한 CO2의 선택도는 LDH 함량 1 wt%에서 최대값을 나타내고 그 이상에서는 감소경향을 나타내었다.

This study presents residential indoor and outdoor exposure concentrations distributions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs, benzene, toluene, xylene) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) in industrial area (case) and agricultural area (control) during 5 days. Concentrations of VOCs and NO₂ were measured with passive samplers in residential indoor and outdoor. Most of benzene, toluene and NO₂ mean concentrations in case area were higher than those in control area. Considering the indoor and outdoor ratios (I/O) were higher than 1, the residence might be have the sources of indoor air pollutants such as smoking and using of gas range. Residential indoor concentrations of benzene, toluene, and NO₂ with indoor smokers were higher than those and without indoor smokers. In conclusion, it is suggested that personal exposures to air pollutants might be affected by indoor sources as well as outdoor pollutants emitted from industrial complex, and indoor air quality and outdoor air quality should be simultaneously considered to reduce the personal exposure to air pollutants.

This study was carried out to elucidate changes in milk production, milk components and milk product properties as influenced by organic and conventional farming system. Milk production in transient organic feeding was lower by 7.6% than that in conventional feeding and also milk fat, milk protein content, solids not fat and somatic cell count were lower than conventional farming system. But, milk lactose content in transient organic feeding was higher than that in conventional feeding. Ca and Fe content in milk in organic feeding tended to be higher compared to conventional feeding. Linoleic acid and unsaturated fatty acids in milk in organic feeding was higher than those in conventional feeding and properties of milk products were improved in organic milk compared to conventional milk.

Films consisting of a silicon quantum dot superlattice were fabricated by alternating deposition of silicon rich silicon nitride and Si3N4 layers using an rf magnetron co-sputtering system. In order to use the silicon quantum dot super lattice structure for third generation multi junction solar cell applications, it is important to control the dot size. Moreover, silicon quantum dots have to be in a regularly spaced array in the dielectric matrix material for in order to allow for effective carrier transport. In this study, therefore, we fabricated silicon quantum dot superlattice films under various conditions and investigated crystallization behavior of the silicon quantum dot super lattice structure. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra showed an increased intensity of the 840 cm-1 peak with increasing annealing temperature due to the increase in the number of Si-N bonds. A more conspicuous characteristic of this process is the increased intensity of the 1100 cm-1 peak. This peak was attributed to annealing induced reordering in the films that led to increased Si-N4 bonding. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis showed that peak position was shifted to higher bonding energy as silicon 2p bonding energy changed. This transition is related to the formation of silicon quantum dots. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron spin resonance (ESR) analysis also confirmed the formation of silicon quantum dots. This study revealed that post annealing at 1100˚C for at least one hour is necessary to precipitate the silicon quantum dots in the SiNx matrix.

Solar cells have been more intensely studied as part of the effort to find alternatives to fossil fuels as power sources.The progression of the first two generations of solar cells has seen a sacrifice of higher efficiency for more economic use ofmaterials. The use of a single junction makes both these types of cells lose power in two major ways: by the non-absorptionof incident light of energy below the band gap; and by the dissipation by heat loss of light energy in excess of the band gap.Therefore, multi junction solar cells have been proposed as a solution to this problem. However, the 1st and 2nd generation solarcells have efficiency limits because a photon makes just one electron-hole pair. Fabrication of all-silicon tandem cells using anSi quantum dot superlattice structure (QD SLS) is one possible suggestion. In this study, an SiOx matrix system was investigatedand analyzed for potential use as an all-silicon multi-junction solar cell. Si quantum dots with a super lattice structure (Si QDSLS) were prepared by alternating deposition of Si rich oxide (SRO; SiOx (x=0.8, 1.12)) and SiO2 layers using RF magnetronco-sputtering and subsequent annealing at temperatures between 800 and 1,100oC under nitrogen ambient. Annealing temperaturesand times affected the formation of Si QDs in the SRO film. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra and x-rayphotoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed that nanocrystalline Si QDs started to precipitate after annealing at 1,100oC for onehour. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images clearly showed SRO/SiO2 SLS and Si QDs formation in each 4, 6, and8nm SRO layer after annealing at 1,100oC for two hours. The systematic investigation of precipitation behavior of Si QDsin SiO2 matrices is presented.

This study was performed with Korean adults to investigate Makgeolli drinking behavior, preference, and perception about Makgeolli and health, as well as Makgeolli complaints and prices. A survey questionnaire was formulated to obtain information on demographic variables, drinking habits, and perceptions about Makgeolli's function, price, and complaints. The questionnaire was distributed to 468 adults living in the capital area. The results are as follows. Makgeolli (16.1%) was third preferred, following Soju (45.1%) and beer (30.7%), and no significant differences were observed by gender and income, but the preference for Makgeolli increased with increasing age (p<0.001). According to the survey, the largest reason both genders drank Makgeolli was that it tastes good. Men preferred Makgeolli for its health effects and cheap price, while women preferred it for the atmosphere while drinking it. Also, older people and those with higher incomes preferred drinking Makgeolli for its health effect rather than its good taste (p<0.001 for each). No significant difference was observed by gender for the question "Do you think that Makgeolli has a health-promoting effect?" Overall, 51% of the subjects gave positive answers and only 5.9% gave negative answers. Significantly, older people and those with a higher income had a higher rate of answering positively to this question. Belching (45.1%) and headache (29.9%) were the most common symptoms among the side effects of drinking Makgeolli. No significant difference was observed by gender or income, but older people had a higher rate of belching and fewer headaches than younger people (p<0.001). Women had a significantly higher rate of perceiving that Makgeolli was cheap than men. Age and income differences did not influence price perception. To the question "What is the ideal price for high quality Makgeolli", 32.1% answered that the present rate (1,000 won) was ideal, and 59.4% answered that a price between 1,000 and 2,000 won was ideal. These results indicate that the high preference for Makgeolli is due to its good taste and health effects. However, belching and headache caused by drinking Makgeolli were the most common complaints and, thus, must be solved. Some opinions indicated that Makgeolli must eliminate its low-quality image, but, according to this survey, most subjects answered that the ideal price of higher-quality Makgeolli should be increased slightly, which would cause price resistance.