본 시험은 팽이버섯 병재배 수확후배지의 가축 사료화에 활용하기 위하여 영양성분 분석을 수행하였다. 팽이버섯 재배에 주로 이용하는 콘코브, 미강 등 배지재료 8종과 버섯 재배전(살균후) 배지 3종 및 수확후 배지 3종에 대하여 pH, 수분함량, 전탄소(T-C), 전질소(T-N) 등 이화학성과 조단백, 조섬유, 조지방 함량 등 영양성분을 분석하였다. 여기에 제시한 재배전 배지와 재배후 배지의 이화학성 및 영양성분 함량은 새로운 배지재료 선발시험에 기준으로, 그리고 수확후배지의 재활용을 위한 기초자료로 활용이 기대된다.

Wheat flour supplemented with 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% sorghum flour and sourdough bread made thereof were evaluated for mineral contents, phytic acid, tannin, total phenols and in vitro protein digestibility. Effect of supplementation was assessed on nutritional quality of the sourdough flatbread. Analyses of the sorghum supplemented flours revealed a significant (p<0.05) increase in crude fat(%), crude fiber(%) and NFE (%)with a decreasing pattern in crude protein and ash contents. Sourdough fermentation appeared to improve mineral contents in bread since the concentration of iron, zinc and manganese were increased from 3.07-4.41, 0.87-0.95 and 2.48-2.56 mg/100 g, respectively. Phytic acid (%) and tannin (%) were reduced from 1.14 to 0.57, and 0.40 to 0.22, respectively in flatbread. Total phenols of composite flour decreased from 342 to 104 mg/100 g in sourdough flatbread. Similarly, in vitro protein digestibility was shown to increase from 74.81 to 81.14% apparently due to reduction in concentration of chelating agents by fermentation process. Conclusively, composite flour technology in combination with lactic acid fermentation was found quite successfully exploited to reduce anti-nutritional compounds, enhance availability of minerals and improve the digestibility of non-conventional cereal grains.

The edible barnyard millets(Echinochloa spp.) which have essentially vanished in the farmhouses environment and in agricultural germplasm were evaluated with the aim of restoration as a crop. The proximate components and mineral elements of milled millet were nutritionally similar or better than brown rice, and the vitamin contents of B1 and B2 exceeded those of rice by 1.3 times and 2.3 times, respectively. β-Carotene which is absent from brown rice was detected at levels ranging from 15～31 ㎍ in millet samples. Nine essential amino acids, including histidine and arginine and eight non-essential amino acids, such as aspartic acid were detected. The sum of all amino acids was determined to be IEC518>525>510 in the range of 69～106 ㎎/g. Analysis of physiological active substances via their electron donating ability(EDA) revealed values ranging from 3.4～8.2%, with the total polyphenol component being 51.1～69.4 ㎎/g and α-glucosidase inhibition ability determined as 8.3～10.9%. In terms of agronomical characteristics and yields of barnyard millet, three millet varieties(IEC510, 518, and 525) were suitable as edible crops. IEC525 was selected as optimum variety for cultivation on the basis of nutritional ingredients, physiological active substances, and yield.

This research was planned and executed to evaluate how the composition of Yack-sun tea can affect the health conditions of people who are suffering from diet-related such as being overweight, are obese and have hyperlipidemia, by taking Yack-sun tea in a form of a nutritional supplement with our daily meals. We produced Kangjieum with Lycium chinense Mill., Polygonum multflorum Thunb, Cassia tora L., Crataegus pinnatifida Bge and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. Thus, we approach of oriental diet therapy area research of Kangjieum and analysis proximate composition, water soluble antioxidant content. The content(%, dry basis) of total carbohydrate was 60.23%, crude protein was 18.18%, crude ash was 11.36% and crude fat was 10.23% in Kangjieum. Total water soluble antioxidant content was 1.027 ㎍/㎖ of Kangjieum. We think that scientific and objective evaluation was done on the components of the Kangjieum prescription. This basic data could help guide the application of oriental medicinal resources into other foods and serve as a stepping-stone for use of Kangjieum in the burgeoning field of nutraceutical foods. Last, the scientific effects of oriental medicinal foods developed according to oriental medicinal theory. This theory is believed to be essential for government policy development concerning validation of medicinal effects and assessment, with the aim of fostering systematic development and providing guidance to food development in the interest of national health.

The purpose of this study is to determine the possibility of using Crataegi fructus as a natural food source. To accomplish this purpose, the contents of general and biological activities were measured. The contents of carbohydrate, crude protein, crude lipid and ash are 85.6%, 2.4%, 1.9% and 0.4%, respeectively. Further, the calories of Crataegi fructus was 369.1 kcal. The contents of essential and non-essential amino acids were 852.26 ㎎ and 1, 178.29 ㎎, respeectively. The K was the largest mineral followed by Ca, P, Mg, which means Crataegi fructus is an alkali material. Crataegi fructus extracts slightly(17.6～32.8) inhibited α-glucosidase activity. However, there is no inhibitory activity against α-amylase. In terms of proteslytic activity, Crataegi fructus extracts showed a strong activity than pancreatin(used as a positive control). These results indicate that Crataegi fructus can be used as a natural resource for material aiding digestion.

경남 남해에서 재배되고 있는 섬애쑥의 식품 및 기능성 소재로서의 활용도 제고를 위하여 화학성분을 분석하였다. 섬애쑥의 일반성분을 잎, 줄기 및 뿌리 부위별로 조사한 결과 조단백질은 각각 19.87, 6.14, 5.68%로 나타났고, 조지방은 4.56, 1.30, 1.20%이었으며, 조섬유는 16.80, 29.70, 29.45%로 나타났다. 섬애쑥의 주요 무기성분은 K, Ca, Mg으로 나타났으며, 잎에서 K과 Ca의 함량이 각각 4,270.24, 617.64 mg/100g으로 뿌리보다 2배 이상 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 유리당은 잎과 뿌리에는 sucrose와 glucose 가, 줄기에서는 glucose와 fructose가 검출되었다. 총아미노산은 17종이 분리되었으며, 잎의 총아미노산함량이 4,864.11 mg/100g으로 가장 높았으며, 줄기는 1,953.99mg/100g, 뿌리는 1,601.73mg/100g 순으 로 나타났다. 부위별 주요아미노산으로 잎과 줄기에서는 proline(963.91 및 407.52mg/100g)과 aspartic acid(577.38 및 299.17mg/100g)이었고, 뿌리에서는 glutamic acid(206.34mg/100g)와 arginine(193.23 mg/100g)이 가장 높게 함유되어 있었다. 지방산 조성을 분석한 결과 잎, 줄기 및 뿌리 모두 linoleic acid(C18:2), behenic acid(C22:0) 및 palmitic acid(C16:0)가 주요 지방산으로 나타났으며, 생리활성 성분으로서의 부위별 eupatilin과 jaceosidin 함량은 잎에서 35.0과 107.63mg/100g으로 줄기와 뿌리보다 높은 함량을 보였다.

목이버섯 3품종의 영양성분을 분석한 결과 유리당은 4종의 성분이 검출되었고, 그 중 trehalose는 11.56±0.59에서 27.17±0.27mg/g로 검출된 당 중에서 가장 많이 함유하고 있는 것으로 나타났으며 갈색목이가 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 유기산은 7종, 아미노산은 24종의 성분이 분석되었으며, 전체 함량에서 모두 흑목이가 가장 높게 나타났다. 그리고 유기산과 아미노산 성분 중에서 감칠맛을 내는 성분인 citric acid 및 glutamic acid, asparagine 등의 함량 또한 흑목이에서 가장 높은 것으로 나타나 천연 조미재료로서의 가능성을 제시하였다. 비타민D2함량은 1.66±0.1에서 5.43±0.08 ㎍/g으로 다른 버섯류에 비해 높게 나타났다. 식이섬유에는 3품종 모두 60% 정도의 함량을 나타냈으며, 품종 간 유의적인 차이는 없었다. ß-glucan 함량은 갈색목이가 25.21±0.37%로 털목이나 흑목이에 비해 높은 수준으로 나타났으며 항산화 성분인 총 폴리페놀 함량은 털목이, 갈색목이, 흑목이 순으로 높게 나타났다.

본 연구는 벼 대체 사료작물인 사일리지용 옥수수를 논토양에 파종하여 조사료를 생산하는데 있어서 생육특성, 화학적 특성, 무기물함량 및 영양수량을 검토하여 논토양에 적합한사일리지용 옥수수 품종을 선발하기 위하여 실시하였다. 실험설계는 11품종을 3반복으로 하여 5월 1일 파종하고 8월 24일 수확하였다. 그결과를 보면 초장과 엽수에 있어서는 KPO가다른 품종에 비하여 유의적으로 높게 나타났지만(P<0.01) 암이삭 길이와 둘레는 P32W86이높게 나타났다. 경경도와 암이삭 수는 P32P75가, 착수고 및 녹색도에 있어서는 NC 7117이높게 나타났다(P<0.01). 근계수와 당도에 있어서는 P3394가 높게, 엽장과 엽폭은 각각P31P41과 P32T83이 높게 나타났다. 건물수량에 있어서는 P3156 (19,782 kg) > NC 7117(18,708 kg) > P31N27 (18,093 kg) > KPO (17,772kg) > P32K61 (17,649 kg/ha) 순으로 높게 나타났다(P<0.01). 영양성분 중 조단백질과 조지방은 각각 P32W86과 P31P41에서 높게 나타났다(P<0.01). NDF와 ADF 함량은 각각 KPO와KIO에서 높은 경향치를 보였지만 다른 품종과비교 시 유의적인 차이는 나타내지 않았다. 조섬유 함량은 KIO > KPO > P31P41 > P32W86> P3156 순으로 높게 나타났다(P<0.01). 총광물질 함량은 KPO가 9,775 mg/kg으로서 다른품종에 비하여 가장 높게 P3394는 6,651 mg/kg으로서 가장 낮게 나타났다(P<0.01). 총 구성아미노산 함량 및 지방산 함량은 각각 P32K61및 KIO가 각각 높게 나타났다(P<0.01). 영양수량 중 ha 당 조단백질, 지방산, 구성아미노산 및 TDN 생산량은 각각 P3156이 유의적으로높게 나타났다(P<0.01). 그러나 조지방 및 광물질 수량은 각각 P31P41 및 KPO가 각각 높게나타났다(P<0.01). 이상의 결과로 볼 때 사일리지용 옥수수를 논토양에서 재배 시 생육특성, 사초생산량 및 영양수량을 고려하면 P3156, NC 7117 및 P31N27 품종이 우수한 것으로 생각된다.

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between body weight, body condition score (BCS), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), glucose, cholesterol and number of transferable embryos for the purpose of improving reproductive performance in Hanwoo donors. Seventy five cows, at random stages of the estrous cycle, received a CIDR together with injection of 1mg estradiol benzoate and 50 mg progesterone, and gonadotropin treatment begann. Four days later, the animals were superovulated with a total of 28AU FSH (Antorin, 2AU = 1 ml) administered twice daily in constant doses over 4 days. On the 3rd administration of FSH, CIDR was withdrawn and 25 mg was administered. Cows were artificially inseminated twice after estrous detection at 12 hr intervals. The cows received GnRH at the time of 1st insemination. Embryos were recovered 7 days after the 1st insemination. In conclusion, cows with body weight < 400, 400~450 and > 450kg had number of transferable embryos of , and , cows with BCS <2.25, 2.25~2.75 and had number of transferable embryos of , and respectively. These data indicate that a body weight and BCS for superovulation of CIDR-treated Korean native cows does not affect the embryo yield.

This purpose of this study was to analyze the nutritional composition about Auricularia spp., which has been used to Auricularia auricula-judae(black and brown) and Auricularia polytricha. First, the contents of total polyphenol and beta-glucan were analyzed. Subsequently, the contents of free sugars, amino acids and organic acids were analyzed by HPLC. In addition, the content of vitamin D from these strains was also measured and the D3 of this vitamin D was anlyzed. In conclusion, Auricularia spp. showed evident differences in the nutritional composition.

식용버섯으로서 버들송이버섯의 우수성을 검증하고 재배면적과 소비의 확대보급을 위하여 일반성분, 무기성분, 총 폴리페놀 함량 그리고 전자공여능 등 몇가지 생리활성을 측정하였다. 일반성분은 조단백질이 38.3%로 높게 나타났으며, 무기성분은 K, P, Mg, Mn 및 Na 순으로 높게 나타났다. 총 폴리페놀 함량은 열수추출물은 65.2㎍/㎖, 에탄올 추출물은 46.0㎍/㎖ 이었으며, 플라보노이드 함량은 열수추출물에서 12.5㎍/㎖, 에탄올 추출물에서 7.1㎍/㎖ 이었다. DPPH radical 제거 활성은 열수추출물에서 58.2%, 에탄올 추출물에서 79.2%의 free radical 제거활성을 보여 열수 추출물보다는 에탄올 추출물에서 항산화활성이 높았다. 버들송이버섯 추출물의 총 폴리페놀함량, 플라보노이드 함량 그리고 DPPH radical 제거 활성은 큰느타리버섯 또는 느타리버섯보다 함량이 많고 항산화활성이 높은 것으로 조사되었다. Tyrosinase 저해활성은 열수 추출물은 63.2%, 에탄올 추출물에서는 65.0%의 저해활성을 나타내어 추출용매에 따른 큰 차이는 보이지 않았다. ACE 저해활성은 열수 추출물은 78.7%, 에탄올 추출물은 75.0%의 저해활성을 나타내어 열수 추출물에서 다소 높은 경향이었다. 이러한 결과로 볼 때 버들송이 버섯은 큰느타리버섯이나 느타리버섯 보다 폴리페놀 물질과 같은 항산화성분이 많고, 생리활성이 우수하여 식용버섯으로의 가치가 충분한 것으로 나타났다.

본 연구에서는 시판 비파나무잎차의 영양성분 분석 및 열수 추출물을 이용하여 항산화 효과를 조사하였 다. 일반성분은 수분 5.34%, 조단백 8.38%, 조지방 13.26%, 가용성 무질소물 46.21%, 조섬유 19.24% 및 조회분 7.57%순으로 함유하고 있었다. 비타민 C 함량과 총페놀 함량은 각각 0.47 mg/100 g 및 42.55 mg/g이였다. 무기성분은 Ca, K 및 Mg 순으로 높게 나타났으며, 그 함량은 각각 1,624.01, 1,099.66 및 192.70 mg/100g이었다. 비파나무잎차의 아미노산 분석 결과 glutamic acid (565.98 mg/100 g)가 가장 높게 함유되었고, 반면 가장 낮은 함량은 cystine (12.97 mg/100 g)이였다. 시판 비 파나무잎차 열수 추출물 농도 1,000 μg/mL를 기준으로 했을 때 각각 86.87%와 98.14%의 ABTS 및 DPPH 라디칼 소거활성을 보였으며, 환원력과 ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)는 농도 의존 적 항산화 활성을 보였다. 따라서 시판 비파나무잎차는 항산화제와 같은 기능성 식품 소재로 이용가능성이 높을 것으로 생각된다.

To develop new nutraceuticals from mushrooms, nutritional properties of two kinds of Hypsizygus marmoreus fruiting bodies were investigated. Hypsizygus marmoreus (white) contained 21.63% H. marmoreus (brown) contained 27.34% of crude protein, 55.75% of total sugar, and 2.69% crude lipid and 7.77% ash. It also contained 10.04 mg% Na, 19.28 mg% Ca, 9.30 mg% Fe and its calorie value was 356.57 Kcal per 100 g. Free sugar and amino acid content of H. marmoreus (brown) were determined.

In this study, the anti-oxidant, anti-tumorigenic, anti-hypertensive, anti-thrombic, anti-diabetic, and anti- inflammatory properties of 18 different species of genus Pleurotus were investigated. In addition, the amino acid, β-glucan, and polyphenol contents were also measured. The β-glucan and polyphenol contents were the highest in Pleurotus cornucopiae var. citrinopileatus (yellow Pleurotus) of all species. The yellow Pleurotus also exhibited the highest physiological activity as assessed by the DPPH IC, Cytotoxic activity, ACE activity and so on. To confirm the mechanism for the physiological activity of the yellow Pleurotus, we performed further examinations within ICR mice. The yellow Pleurotus reduced glucose, triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in the ICR mice blood for 4 weeks after feeding, and also significantly lowered both GOT and GPT levels. Taken together, our data indicates the yellow pleurotus is a promising functional food ingredient.

The object of this study was to investigate the effects of rice particle size on the physicochemical properties of beef-rice porridge. The pH of beef-rice porridge was decreased as compared to that of the control, while the redness of beef porridge increased according to rice particle size. The viscosity of flour in the beef-rice porridge was the highest among three porridges, at 40℃. The protein content of beef-rice porridge was increased 3-fold over that of rice porridges. The total amino acid content of the beef-rice porridge was 3071.2 mg/100 g, and that of rice porridge was 1147.5 mg/100 g. As compared to rice porridge, the maximum amounts of the amino acids Lys and Thr were increased beef-rice porridge. Sensory evaluation results showed that the beef-rice porridge with a particle size half that of rice had the highest scores in color, taste, texture, and overall preference. Based on these results, it is suggested that beef-rice porridge with a particle size half (0.7-2.5 mm) that of rice has optimal quality in terms of both physicochemical and sensory properties.