간행물
예방수의학회지 KCI 등재 Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine
- 발행기관 한국예방수의학회(구 한국수의공중보건학회)
- 자료유형 학술지
- 간기 계간
- ISSN 2287-7991 (Print)2287-8009 (Online)
- 수록기간 1978 ~ 2024
- 주제분류 의약학 > 수의학 의약학 분류의 다른 간행물
- 십진분류KDC 528DDC 636
권호리스트/논문검색
제39권 4호 (2015년 12월) 12건
1.
2015.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Shiga toxins (Stxs), some of the most important virulence factors in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7, are known to be induced and released by various environmental cues, such as DNA damage responses and stress-inducing chemicals. In order to investigate the possible effects of growth media on Stxs expression, we analyzed the growth kinetics and expression of Stxs (Stx1 and 2) in cells grown in Luria-Bertani (LB) and E. coli (EC) media, which are widely used for EHEC O157:H7. Through direct plating and quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), it was revealed that, when EHEC O157:H7 was grown in EC medium, the total bacterial count was reduced significantly and the stx1 transcription was greatly increased during the stationary growth phase than that in LB. Here we report that bile salts and lactose, which are the two only components in EC medium that are absent in LB, function as negative and positive regulatory signals, respectively, for the transcription of both stx1 and stx2. Indeed, stx transcription was significantly increased (~5.7 and ~21.8 fold for stx1 and stx2, respectively; p < 0.05) in an EC medium lacking bile salts when compared to the normal EC. In contrast, EHEC O157:H7 grown in an EC medium lacking lactose did significantly decrease these transcriptions (~93.5 and ~4.3 fold for stx1 and stx2, respectively; p < 0.05). Consistently, stx transcription was drastically increased in an LB medium supplemented with lactose, implying that lactose might be an environmental trigger for the expression of Stxs.
4,000원
2.
2015.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Brucella abortus is a well-known intracellular zoonotic pathogen. Despite significant research to understand the pathogenesis, underlying mechanisms of the bacterial infection are not yet understood. Thus, prevention and control of the B. abortus infection is problematic in animal and human.
Therefore, several methods involving random mutation have been used to identify the mechanisms and provide a solution for control and prevention of Brucella infection. B. abortus mutants were generated by random insertion of a transposon, Ez-Tn5TM pMODTM-3 <R6Kγori/MCS> into a chromosome. Characteristics of these mutants were investigated using biochemical testing, growth features, determination of biovar, antibiotic resistance and detection of virulence factors, T4SS, PGK, and CGS. In biochemical testing, B. abortus mutants were categorized according to 7 groups with different condition of ILATk, SUTC, and ELLM. Different growth features were also observed between wild type and mutants. In addition, both B. abortus wild type and mutants were determined as biovar type 1 by biovar test. Three virulence factors, T4SS, PGK, and CGS were detected by PCR. Therefore, B. abortus mutants were characterized by analysis of phenotyping and it might be useful for further studies of known pathogenesis of B. abortus infection and for identification of diagnostic markers of brucellosis.
4,000원
3.
2015.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Seven outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) have occurred in South Korea during the period January 2000-September 2015. The Korean government changed national goal to FMD-free country with vaccination after the November 2010 outbreak when approximately 3.5 million cattle and pigs were culled. With regard to vaccination, Korean pig producers have claimed that the occurrence of injection site reaction (inflammatory or non-inflammatory granuloma) is potentially associated with intensive vaccination campaign since 2011. The present study was undertaken to assess the incidence of injection site lesions in slaughtered pigs caused by FMD vaccination and the corresponding economic losses. Data obtained from two meat packers were classified into 3 vaccination periods: non-vaccination (July-November, 2010, n=96,959); one injection (July-November, 2014, n=162,089); and two injections (March-July, 2015, n=161,928). A total of 420,976 carcasses from 6,526 farms were analyzed. The incidence of the lesions was 18.6% for non-vaccination, 46.5% for one injection, and 73.7% for two injections. Economic loss per head slaughtered due to removal of the lesions was estimated to 1,302 won (US$ 1.1) for non-vaccination, 8,286 won (US$ 7.2) for one injection, and 17,378 won (US$ 15.1) for two injections (converted using 2015 exchange rate where Korean won 1,150 = 1 US$). It was estimated that the national annual losses excluding costs of an FMD vaccine and its application is US$ 115 million for one injection and US$ 241 million for two injections. The adoption of measures that cause minimal tissue damages and economic losses would appear to be of high priority.
3,000원
4.
2015.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Suk-Jae Park, Huun-Seok Chae, Jae-Hoon Woo, Seol-Hwa Park, Hyoung-Seok Yang, Wan-Shol Kang, Jin-A Ko, Nam-Young Kim
Respiratory diseases among horses cause economic losses in foals and productivity decreases in horses being raised and in adult horses. In South Korea, fundamental studies of horses’ respiratory diseases and those related to disease occurrence are insufficient. Therefore, the aim if the current study was to use diverse hematological indicators, obtained through hematological tests and measurment of blood antibody level in horses suffering form respiratory diseases, to monitor disease occurrence and prognosis evaluation.
Investigations of infection states by horses’ bacterial respiratory diseases, susceptible drugs, and resisted drugs according to pathogens showed differences between farms. Among the β-lactam-based antibiotics, cephalosporin-based antibiotics showed some efficacy against Streptococcus spp. To review age-based changes in erythrocytometer hemograms in hematological tests of riding horses, red blood cell (RBC) tended to gradually decrease with increasing age this tendency was statistically significant. In addition, leukocytometer hemograms analyzed by age showed that total white blood cell counts tended to decrease with increasing age. These results of drug susceptibility tests and hematological tests, which have not been presented thus far, will be useful as standardized data in future breeding management and disease tests of Jeju riding horses.
4,000원
5.
2015.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Soo-Mi Lee, Byung-Wook Cho, Mee-Jeong Kim, Ju-Yeon Park, Chun-Nam Cha, Chang-Yeol Yoo, Suk Kim, Hu Jang Lee
This study investigated the antibacterial effects of Galla rhois extract (GRE) against Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of GRE against C. jejuni and C. coli were 0.28 and 0.55 mg/mL, respectively, and the corresponding minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were 4.4 and 5.5 mg/mL. C. jejuni treated with the MIC, MBC or 2×MBC of GRE showed significant inhibition of growth compared with that of the control group during the incubation period, and no viable bacteria were detected at 24 h after incubation. C. coli treated with MIC, MBC or 2×MBC of GRE also showed inhibition of growth compared with that of the control group during the incubation period, and in the C. coli cultures treated with MBC and 2×MBC of GRE, no viable bacteria were detected at 24 h after incubation. In conclusion, GRE is a candidate antibacterial agent against C. jejuni and C. coli, and may have applications for the control of Campylobacter infection in poultry.
4,000원
6.
2015.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Areum Kim, So Jin Bing, Jinhee Cho, KHINM Herath, Ginnae Ahn, EunJin Park, Min Ju Kim, Dae Seung Kim, Ju-Sung Kim, Nam Ho Lee, Youngheun Jee
Sasa quelpaertensis Nakai is a type of edible bamboo grass distributed on Jeju Island, Korea. S. quelpaertensis has been used as afolk medicine for treatment of a variety of ailments. It has been reported to present biological effects, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. In this study, we demonstrate that S. quelpaertensis Nakai extract (SNE) rescues immunocytes from gamma radiation-induced apoptosis and oxidative DNA damage. We examined the cytotoxicity, cell proliferation, DNA damage, apoptosis, and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mice given SNE for 45 days in immune cells. To determine the splenocytes protection capability of SNE, gamma-ray was irradiated to the whole body of C57BL/6 mice. Our results suggest that SNE stimulated the proliferation of splenocytes without cytotoxic effects. In addition, SNE not only decreased DNA damage but also reduced apoptosis of splenocytes, and attenuated the production of ROS generation in hydrogen peroxide-induced splenocytes. Therefore, SNE can protect against gamma radiation-induced damage in mice.
4,000원
7.
2015.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Antibiotic Detection Kit (Combination I), a lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) developed for detecting antibiotic residues in milk, was utilized for the analysis of antibiotic residues in the muscle tissue of olive flounder. After 5-h treatment of samples by placing them in water dosed with sulfadimethoxine (SDM; 200 g/ton water), the residue depletion of SDM was investigated in 25 cultured olive flounders (Paralichthys olivaceus). Muscles from fish were sampled before treatment and on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th days after treatment. The concentration of SDM in the muscle was then determined by LFIA. The absorbance ratio of the sample to the control blank (Bs/Bo) was employed as an index to determine the residue in olive flounder muscle. To investigate the recovery rate, standard solutions were added to muscle samples to obtain final concentrations of 25 and 50 ng/mL in the muscle. The recovery rates of all spiked samples were >96.6% of the spiked value. SDM was detectable in the muscle of fish treated with the drug until the 1st day of the withdrawal period. The present study shows that the LFIA can be easily adopted to detect SDM residues in the tissue of farmed fish.
4,000원
8.
2015.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Vulpes zerda is a fox that inhabits the desert regions of North Africa and Asia, whereas Vulpes pallida is a fox that inhabits the savannah zones of North Africa and the Sahara desert. Vulpes zerda, which is on the “Red List of Threatened Species” designated by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), belongs to the “Appendix II” group drawn up by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) and hence its cross-border trade is prohibited. In contrast, Vulpes pallida is classified as being of “Least concern” (LC) by IUCN. However, distinguishing between Vulpes pallida and Vulpes zerda by shape alone is difficult. This study attempted to differentiate between the two species by examining the chromosomes of Vulpe szerda and Vulpes pallida that were raised in Korea. According to the examination, two of eight foxes believed to be Vulpes zerda were Vulpes pallida and one of six foxes believed to be Vulpes pallida was actually Vulpes zerda. Considering the ambiguity of making a formal distinction between Vulpes zerda and Vulpes pallida, a more scientific approach to differentiation will be required.
4,000원
9.
2015.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Taxol is an anti-cancer agent that stabilizes the microtubules of cancer cells, resulting in inhibition of mitosis and thus preventing the proliferation of cancer cells. However, many anti-cancer agents including taxol work on normal cells as well as cancer cells, resulting in side effects such as immunosuppression. A marine algae-derived sulfated polysaccharide, fucoidan, an anti-cancer agent, also showed immunostimulating effects. This study investigated the effects of fucoidan on taxol-treated spleen cells. Spleen cells were treated with taxol in a concentration-dependent manner and in combination with fucoidan. MTT assay and flow cytometry analysis were performed to measure the viability and activity of treated cells. Two assays demonstrated that taxol induced the death of spleen cells. Fucoidan clearly inhibited the cell death induced by taxol. In addition, fucoidan enhanced the production of nitric oxide in spleen cells, which was decreased by taxol. Taken together, taxol can induce the cell death of spleen cells, a major type of immune cells and fucoidan protects spleen cells from taxol-induced cell death. This finding suggests that taxol and fucoidan can be used in combination for lowering the immunosuppressive effects of taxol.
3,000원
10.
2015.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
The in vitro culture of Toxoplasma gondii was evaluated using a JNUCK cell strain that was independently developed by our research team. The sensitivity of the JNUCK strain was compared with those of MDCK and vero cell strains, which were previously shown to be sensitive to T. gondii. Morphological observation and 3H-uracil absorption tests showed that JNUCK cell strain has the highest sensitivity, while the MDCK and vero cell strains showed lower sensitivities. The optimal culture conditions using the JNUCK cell strain were determined by inoculating T. gondii at multiplicity of infection (MOI) 1, MOI 5, and MOI 25 and the numbers of T. gondii were measured 24, 48, and 72 hours after inoculation. The optimal medium composition was determined by adding different concentrations of FBS to DMEM medium for inoculation at MOI 5, and then calculating the numbers of tachyzoites inside the cells and in the medium. The numbers of tachyzoites inside the cell were highest for 10% FBS, while the numbers of tachyzoites in the medium peaked after addition of 30% FBS. These studies confirmed that the optimal culture condition of T. gondii using the JNUCK cell strain was achieved by inoculation at MOI 5, using medium containing 20% FBS and culturing for 72 hours.
4,000원
11.
2015.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Suk-Jae Park, Tae Jun Kwon, Jae Ho Bae, Min Soo Kang, Huun-Seok Chae, Jae-Hoon Woo, Seol-Hwa Park, Hyoung-Seok Yang, Wan-Shol Kang, Jin-A Ko, Nam-Young Kim
Viral respiratory infections are common in horses, notably equine herpesvirus infection and equine influenza, which primarily initiate secondary bacterial respiratory infections such as strangles caused by Streptococcus equi equi. A decline in the production of stallions has been associated with these respiratory diseases leading to adverse financial implications. This study investigated the antibody responses against respiratory diseases in horses from Jeju Island a year after vaccination. A low level of equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) (11.36%) antibodies was detected from stallions, however a high level of EHV-4 (95.84%) antibodies was detected from horses without vaccination against this infection suggesting that EHV-4 is ubiquitous in this horse population. In case of equine influenza, ranch stallions showed low positive rate (12.06%) whereas stallions from Subtropical Livestock Research Institute displayed higher positive rate (81.32%). Antibody responses against equine influenza and strangles revealed positive rates of 26.32% and 55.12%, respectively. These findings may draw attention towards the importance of developing an improved disease prevention and/or immunization program that will effectively control respiratory diseases in horses.
3,000원
12.
2015.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Alisha Wehdnesday Bernardo Reyes, Hannah Leah Tadeja Simborio, Huynh Tan Hop, Lauren Togonon Arayan, Tran Xuan Ngoc Huy, Wongi Min, Suk Kim
The bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) mainly contributes to the structural integrity, survival and protection barrier against harsh environments. Therefore, the early stages in LPS or lipid A biosynthesis are attractive targets in the identification and development of inhibitors which would be effective against infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. The bacterial outer membrane proteins (OMPs) meanwhile function as maintenance for structure, adhesion to other cells and substances, as well as development of resistance to antimicrobials. The LPS and LPS-related molecules, and OMPs are important immunogenic components of several important pathogens including Brucella, which have been extensively used in immunological studies and in the diagnosis of diseases. Here we review the importance, structure, functions and immunogenic aspects of LPS and OMPs particularly of Brucella which can be targeted for the prevention and diagnosis of brucellosis.
4,000원
