Pea weevil was easily observed in the flower and pod of garden pea, but not observed in soybean at various locations in Yeongnam district through 2001 to 2003. Number of pea weevil observed in pea flower was the highest at Milyang (20), followed by Yangsan (15), Sacheon (14) and Changnyong (13), and was the lowest at Pohang (3). On the other hand, number of pea weevil observed in pea pod was the highest at Tongyeong (192), followed by Changnyong (171), Sacheon (157) and Changwon (138), and was the lowest at Pohang (12) which showed similar tendency with the result of pea flower. Number of pea weevil occurrence observed in pea pod after one and two times applications of insecticides in pea field were different at harvest day of 30th May while were not significantly different at harvest day of 5th June. Likewise, number of pea pod damage after one and two times applications of insecticides were different at harvest day of 30th May while was not different at harvest day of 5th June. Thus, control efficacies of insecticides according to application times against pea weevil showed very high with above 95% at harvest day of 6th June while showed variable control efficacies at harvest of 30th May.

[ ∏ ]' shape of Jeonnam Area has not been well-known so far. This study is about when, how and on what type the '∏' shape had settled among many 'ㅡ' shape houses. The Anchae of Jeonnam Area which appeared 17C. contrasts with 'ㅡ' shape. Especially, the head family's house might have been expected to develop with special difference. 'ㅡ' shape had been built much more than the '∏' shape around 20C when modernization had been ripen. It was big event that '∏' shape, the head family's house, had been pulled down and then 'ㅡ' shape had been newly built. (Ui Seong-ryeol house) The reason why 'ㅡ' shape had been built instead of '∏' shape might be that people accepted the change of 'modernization', that is to say, people accepted convenience and opening. The plan of '∏' shape consists of Daecheong and Anbang at the center of Momche, and Jageunbang and Jangji at both sides. In the '∏' shape, the center of Momche is wide dand light unlike 'ㅡ' shape. Unjoru, Nogudang, Yundoseo house have long wing and have more encircling Anmadang than other houses, which are well known for a house for a man of noble birth.

특허괴물(patent troll)은 특허를 보유하고 있으면서, 제품을 생산하지 않거나 서비스를 제공하지 않고, 특허침해자를 상대로 그 특허권을 행사하는 발명자를 비하하는 표현으로 사용된다. 특허를 보유한 자는 자기의 특허를 침해한 상대방을 상대로 특허침해시 손해배상청구권을 행사할 수 있지만, 만일 자신이 제품을 생산하지 않는 경우에는 손해배상을 청구하기가 어렵다. 제품을 생산하지 않고 특허만을 보유한 기업이 자신이 보유한 특허를 침해한 기업을 상대로 자동적 영구적 금지명령을 받은 후 합의금을 받을 수 있었다. 그러나, 이를 남용하여 제품 전체를 구성하는 일부분의 특허를 침해하였음에도 불구하고 특허침해를 이유로 특허를 침해한 제품에 대한 금지명령을 얻어 막대한 합의금을 얻는 것이 특허괴물이 주로 사용하는 수단이었다. 이에 따라 특허괴물과 관련된 문제에 중요한 결정을 한 미국 연방대법원 eBay Inc. and Half.com, v. MercExchange, L.L.C. 판결을 검토하고, 특허괴물에 대한 의의와 발생하게 된 배경을 살펴보고, 향후 이러한 미국 연방대법원의 판결이 특허괴물에 어떠한 영향을 미칠 것인지를 검토한다.

물리적 구조조사 항목 25개 중에서 하천유형 분류척도로 이용되는 9개의 항목과 출현한 저서생물 및 식물과의 상관성을 분석한 결과 하상재료의 다양성, 하도의 사행성 횡단사주의 발달정도가 생물의 출현에 높은 상관성을 보였다. 그리고 수화학적 인자의 경우 총 12개 중 COD농도만이 저서생물의 분포에 유효한 상관성을 나타내었다. 본 연구의 무생물적 인자와 생물적 인자와의 상관성 분석에서는 특히 모래하천과 자갈하천이 서로 음과 양의 방향으로 상관관계를 나타내어 두개 유형의 하천의 물리적 구조 및 생태적 특성이 서로 뚜렷하게 다르다는 것을 지시하고 있었다. 따라서 이러한 분석결과는 생물서식처를 고려해야만 하는 하천복원이나 하천의 생태적 유형분류를 위한 하천평가에도 활용되어질 수 있다고 사료된다.

Aliphatic amine compounds have very low detectable threshold value concentrations, and especially trimethyl amine is one of the main odor-active compounds in atmospheric environment. Concentration of a large amount (10~100 L) of air sample was needed to detect trace amounts of amine compounds by GC/FTD. Amine compounds in ambient air were absorbed in sulfuric acid solution by using impingers and sampling pump. Some amount of the absorption solution was injected in bubbling bottle which a concentration tube was connected with, and that amine gas which was isolated from bubbling bottle was trapped in a concentration tube dipped in liquid argon under a constant helium flow. A concentration tube was disjoined from the bubbling bottle and was connected to injection port of gas chromatograph. Amine compounds trapped in a concentration tube was introduced into the packed column by thermal desorption after flow rate of carrier gas and detector signal had been stabilized enough. Sampling volume of ambient air was different from place to place in the range of 10~100 L, and flow rate through impingers was 5 L/min. Atmospheric concentrations of trimethyl amine were below 16.0 ppbv in the boundary of business establishment and below 420.0 ppbv at the gas releasing port of business establishment in the industrial area.

We investigated the effect of different kinds of dietary added fat on the fatty acid composition, cholesterol content and quality of hens‘ eggs. The Haugh units, breaking strength, shell thickness and yolk color were not significant difference among the groups. Dietary fat notably altered the polyunsaturated fatty acid composition and cholesterol content in the egg yolk. The n-6 fatty acid of egg yolk was highest in the corn oil fed group with 31.61%, and this tended to decrease in the order of the tallow, linseed oil and fish oil fed groups(p<0.05). The n-3 fatty acid of egg yolk tended to increase in the linseed oil and fish oil fed groups as 9.74% and 5.16%, respectively(p<0.05). Theses alterations in the yolk fatty acid composition resulted in a reduced cholesterol content of the eggs. The ranges of cholesterol content showed values of 15.98-18.37 mg/g of yolk or 227-261 mg/60g of egg, respectively(p<0.05). The cholesterol content of egg yolk was highest in the tallow fed group, and this tended to be reduced in the order of the fish oil, linseed oil and corn oil fed groups(p<0.05). The reduction of the egg yolk cholesterol content in the other groups compared to the tallow group was significantly different, i.e., 13.01% in the fish oil group, 11.49% in the linseed oil group and 6.91% in the corn oil group, respectively(p<0.05). This result suggests that it is possible to reduce the cholesterol content or to increase the n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in eggs by manipulation of the dietary added fats.