간행물
한국전문물리치료학회지 KCI 등재 Physical Therapy Korea
- 발행기관 한국전문물리치료학회
- 자료유형 학술지
- 간기 연3회
- ISSN 1225-8962 (Print)2287-982X (Online)
- 수록기간 1994 ~ 2026
- 주제분류 의약학 > 물리치료학 의약학 분류의 다른 간행물
- 십진분류KDC 512DDC 610
권호리스트/논문검색
제33권 1호 (2026년 4월) 12건
1.
2026.04
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Occupational physical activity (OPA) and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) may have differential effects on health. Recent work, including the dissertation by Cillekens, has demonstrated that these activity domains show markedly different associations with morbidity and mortality in (mainly) Western populations. However, little is known about whether similar patterns are present in South Korea. This narrative review aimed to place the findings from Cillekens’ dissertation on OPA and LTPA in the context of Korean workers. A PubMed search identified studies published within the last 10 years using terms related to OPA, LTPA, and Korea. Twenty studies were included, mostly cross-sectional, drawing on data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and other cohorts. Health outcomes covered cardiometabolic health, musculoskeletal outcomes, mental health, sleep, work functioning and quality of life, inflammation and renal outcomes, and urogenital and airway diseases. Across outcomes, higher OPA was generally associated with no or adverse health outcomes, whereas higher LTPA was consistently associated with favorable health outcomes. The differential associations of OPA and LTPA observed in Western populations are also evident in Korea, aligning with conclusions from prior large-scale analyses such as the dissertation by Cillekens, which consistently demonstrated adverse or null effects of high OPA and beneficial effects of LTPA. Achieving recommended activity levels through LTPA, rather than OPA, appears most advantageous for overall health. These findings suggest several practical implications: physiotherapists and occupational health professionals can play an important role in supporting workers by helping to reduce occupational demands, promote adequate recovery, and provide tailored exercise programs aimed at maintaining or improving cardiorespiratory fitness and musculoskeletal health. Collectively, the evidence supports revisiting public health guidelines to emphasize LTPA rather than total activity, underscoring that not all physical activity domains contribute equally to health.
4,000원
2.
2026.04
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Background: Comfortable gait speed after stroke is key to community ambulation, but the roles of step/stride-length mechanics, balance capacity, and balance confidence remain uncertain. Objects: To identify independent determinants of comfortable gait speed in ambulatory adults with chronic stroke and to clarify the roles of spatiotemporal gait mechanics and clinical balance measures. Methods: A cross-sectional secondary analysis was conducted in 40 inpatients classified as Functional Ambulation Category level 4. Comfortable overground speed from the 10-Meter Walk Test (10MWT) was the outcome. Candidate determinants were stride length, paretic step length, paretic single-limb support, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), limits-of-stability (LOS) area, center of pressure (COP) sway velocity, and Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC). Pearson correlations with Benjamini–Hochberg false discovery rate control were primary; Spearman’s ρ and partial correlations (adjusting for stride and paretic step length) tested robustness. Results: Speed was strongly correlated with stride length (r = 0.954) and paretic step length (r = 0.941), with balance capacity (BBS r = 0.916; LOS r = 0.868), and fell as sway increased (COP r = −0.878; all q < 0.001). Single-limb support showed a moderate link (r = 0.734), while ABC was essentially null. After accounting for stride and paretic step length, BBS, LOS, and COP still mattered; single-limb support and ABC did not. A sensitivity analysis using 10MWT time (s) as the outcome produced associations of similar magnitude: stride length and BBS, which were positively associated with gait speed, were negatively associated with time, whereas COP sway, which was negatively associated with gait speed, was positively associated with time. Conclusion: In ambulatory adults with chronic stroke, comfortable gait speed appears to be driven primarily by step/stride-length mechanics and objective balance capacity, whereas balance confidence did not add explanatory value in this cohort. Speed-focused rehabilitation may need to prioritize both step-length mechanics and balance capacity, while the role of confidence appears limited in this dataset.
4,000원
3.
2026.04
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Background: Visual–gait coupling, in which saccadic eye movements regulate the body’s center of mass (CoM), is fundamental for maintaining dynamic stability. However, previous research has primarily focused on optic flow or dual-task paradigms, leaving the specific influence of parameterizing saccadic visual demands during self-paced locomotion insufficiently explored. Objects: This study investigated how saccadic visual stimulation, varying in direction (horizontal vs. vertical [VT]) and frequency (0.5 vs. 1.1 Hz), modulates spatiotemporal gait characteristics and CoM-based dynamic stability during self-paced walking on a curved non-motorized treadmill. Methods: Twenty-five healthy young adults walked for 30 seconds at a comfortable selfselected pace on a curved non-motorized treadmill under four visual conditions: forward gaze, horizontal saccades at 0.5 Hz, VT saccades at 1.1 Hz, and horizontal saccades at 1.1 Hz. Gait parameters were recorded with inertial sensors and synchronized insoles, and CoM parameters were derived from inertial measurement unit-based segment kinematics. Results: Gait speed, cadence, and stride length were greatest during horizontal saccades at 1.1 Hz, whereas stride time was longest under forward gaze (p < 0.05). Mediolateral (ML) and VT CoM displacements, as well as CoM path length, were significantly larger under horizontal 1.1 Hz compared with forward gaze and VT saccades, indicating amplified postural demands (p < 0.05). Stance duration decreased and swing duration increased during horizontal 1.1 Hz saccades (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Saccadic visual stimulation reorganized propulsion–stability balance during selfpaced walking in a direction- and frequency-specific manner, indicating the need to consider both factors when developing visuomotor gait training strategies to enhance ML control without compromising progression.
4,300원
4.
2026.04
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Background: Single-leg squat (SLS) is widely used for assessing lower extremity (LE) function. Although abnormal kinematics and foot pressure distribution (FPD) are key indicators of dysfunction, the relation between specific LE kinematic patterns and FPD during SLS remains under investigated. Objects: This study aimed to investigate the correlations among LE kinematics specifically the dynamic knee valgus angle (DKVA), knee inward distance (KID), hip outward distance (HOD) and FPD (hallux, medial, central, and lateral forefoot [FF]) during SLS. Methods: Thirty healthy participants performed SLS on their dominant leg. LE kinematics were analyzed using two-dimensional video analysis to determine DKVA, KID, and HOD. FPD was recorded using the Zebris FDM and analyzed across four regions (hallux, medial, central, and lateral parts of the FF). Pearson correlation coefficients were used to determine the relationships between LE kinematics and FPD. Results: Pearson correlation analysis revealed that hallux pressure was significant associated with the extent of KID (r = 0.547, p = 0.002). In addition, a moderate positive correlation was found between HOD and FF lateral (r = 0.406, p = 0.026), indicating that lateral pelvis displacement contributes to higher FF lateral loading. However, DKVA, which is conventionally used to assess LE kinematic variables, showed no significant association with FPD. Conclusion: This study identified significant relationship between specific kinematic variables (KID and HOD) and FPD (hallux and FF lateral), however, relationship between DKVA and FPD was not observed. Consequently, it is necessary to separately evaluate joint-specific kinematics, such as KID and HOD, to determine their distinct associations with FPD.
4,000원
5.
2026.04
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Junwoo Park, Kitaek Lim, Seyoung Lee, Jongwon Choi, Donggeon Kim, Sungmin Chun, Soyeon Yoon, Woochol Joseph Choi
Background: Sarcopenia is a progressive age-related musculoskeletal disorder. Early identification is critical for effective intervention. However, current criteria are time-consuming and require various equipment, limiting their utility. Therefore, we utilized a single inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor and machine learning to classify possible sarcopenia. Objects: This study aimed to develop a practical machine learning based classification model for possible sarcopenia. Methods: A total of 57 older adults participated and were classified into possible sarcopenia (n = 20) and non-possible sarcopenia (n = 37) groups based on the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia 2019 guideline. We extracted the mean and variance from the whole-body IMU sensor data during gait and developed five machine learning classification models. Results: The left lower leg sensor demonstrated the highest classification performance among the whole-body sensors. Using the left lower leg sensor data, the support vector machine yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.79. Notably, integrating demographic variables with IMU sensor features significantly enhanced the model’s performance, achieving an AUROC of 0.92. Conclusion: This study identified the lower leg as the optimal IMU sensor placement for screening possible sarcopenia. Furthermore, the proposed multimodal model, combining IMU sensor data with demographic information, serves as a highly accurate screening tool for possible sarcopenia. This practical model can help early detection of sarcopenia in community settings.
4,000원
6.
2026.04
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Ki-Song Kim, Jangwhon Yoon, Myung-Jin Ko, In-Cheol Jeon, Young-In Hwang, Sunmin Park, Seonhong Hwang
Background: Sustaining regular exercise is a major public health challenge. Self-directed, goal-oriented exercise programs may enhance autonomy and adherence compared to traditional supervised approaches. Objects: This study evaluated the effects of an 8-week individualized, goal-oriented exercise program on physical fitness and body composition in college students and assessed the durability of these effects following an 8-week washout period. Methods: In a non-randomized, fixed-sequence design, 24 healthy young adults (19 males, 5 females) completed an 8-week self-directed exercise intervention, followed by an 8-week washout and an 8-week control period. Physical fitness (vertical jump, standing long jump, handgrip strength, one-leg stance) and body composition (body mass index, skeletal muscle mass, body fat percentage) were assessed. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA and effect size estimates. Results: Significant improvements were observed in all fitness measures post-intervention (p < 0.01). Large effect sizes were found for vertical jump (Cohen’s dav = 0.87) and standing long jump (dav = 0.99), while handgrip strength and one-leg stance showed moderate effects (dav ≈ 0.65). However, no consistent changes were detected in body composition variables. Fitness gains declined rapidly during the washout period, indicating transient adaptation. Conclusion: An 8-week goal-oriented, self-directed exercise program effectively improved physical fitness but not body composition in young adults. These findings support the utility of autonomy-supportive models, though the rapid reversal of gains highlights the critical need for sustained engagement strategies.
4,000원
7.
2026.04
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Background: Firefighter helmets are essential protective gear but add significant weight (average 22 kg for full gear), potentially causing neck muscle fatigue and musculoskeletal disorders. While previous studies have focused on static loads or simple movements, few have analyzed the effect of helmet wear on muscle activity during dynamic, multi-planar movements at different pace. Objects: This study aims to evaluate the effects of wearing a standard Korean firefighter helmet on cervical muscle activity and kinematics during three dynamic head movements (flexion–extension, lateral flexion, and rotation) performed at two different pace. Methods: Twenty-four healthy adults participated in this study. Subjects performed three cervical movements at 45 and 75 rpm guided by a metronome, both with and without a helmet. Kinematics were measured using electromagnetic sensors, and electromyography was recorded from the sternocleidomastoid (SCM), upper trapezius, splenius capitis, and cervical erector spinae (CES). Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Results: Helmet wear significantly increased SCM activation during the deceleration phase and CES activation during the acceleration phase (p < 0.05) of neck extension. Higher movement pace (75 bpm) significantly increased peak angular velocity and muscle activation across most tasks compared to the slower pace (45 bpm). However, the interaction between helmet wear and pace was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Wearing a firefighter helmet increases the demand on specific cervical muscles, particularly the SCM and CES, to control head momentum and stability. Movement pace appears to be a more dominant factor in increasing muscle load than helmet weight alone in healthy subjects. These findings contribute to the ergonomic design of future firefighter helmets.
4,000원
8.
2026.04
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Background: Forward head posture (FHP) has become increasingly common owing to the widespread use of digital devices and sedentary work environments. This postural deviation leads to muscle imbalances, increased cervical and shoulder tension, and reduced range of motion (ROM). Various exercises and Transfer Electrode Capacitive and Resistive (TECAR) therapy are frequently used to address FHP-related problems. However, direct comparisons of their immediate effects remain limited. Objects: This study aimed to compare the immediate effects of TECAR therapy and self-exercise (SE) on cervical ROM, muscle tone, and rounded shoulder posture in patients with FHP. Methods: Thirty adults with FHP were randomly assigned to either the TECAR therapy group (n = 15) or the SE group (n = 15). Each group received one 20-minute session. The TECAR group underwent capacitive- and resistive-mode treatments applied to the cervical and shoulder regions to promote thermal relaxation. The SE group performed supervised stretching of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM), upper trapezius, scalene, and pectoralis major (PM); shoulder shrugs; chin tucks; and isometric neck exercises. Cervical ROM, muscle tone, and acromion-totable distance (ATD) were measured before and after the intervention. Statistical analyses were performed using paired and independent t-tests with α = 0.05. Results: Both interventions significantly improved cervical ROM, muscle tone, and ATD (p < 0.05). The TECAR group showed greater improvements in left lateral flexion ROM (p = 0.015), greater reductions in right SCM (p = 0.012) and left PM tone (p = 0.024), and greater correction of right-sided ATD (p = 0.036) than the SE group. Conclusion: TECAR therapy and SE effectively improved cervical mobility, reduced muscle tone, and corrected postural misalignment in patients with FHP. TECAR therapy demonstrated superior short-term effects in promoting muscle relaxation and alignment, supporting its value as an adjunct to exercise-based rehabilitation.
4,200원
9.
2026.04
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Background: Falls represent a critical public health issue involving neuromuscular control strategies to execute appropriate motor plans. While self-initiated falls (SIF) and motor-induced falls (MIF) are common laboratory paradigms, the continuous temporal differences in their underlying neuromuscular strategies remain poorly understood. Objects: We conducted experiments to identify and compare the neuromuscular control strategies between SIF and MIF across three directions using continuous waveform analysis. Methods: Eight healthy young adults performed SIF and MIF in forward, backward, and sideways directions while surface electromyography was recorded from the bilateral tibialis anterior (TA), lateral gastrocnemius, and medial gastrocnemius. Data were normalized via maximum voluntary isometric contraction and reference voluntary contraction and analyzed using statistical non-parametric mapping over the entire fall duration (0%–100%). Results: Neuromuscular divergence was strategically concentrated within three critical windows: initial, mid-to-terminal, and terminal phases. For the TA, MIF elicited significantly higher activation during the initial phase of sideways falls (1%–5%, p < 0.05) and the mid-to-terminal phase of backward falls (62%–75%, p < 0.05). For the GCM, significantly higher activation in MIF was observed during the terminal phase of forward falls (70%–99%, p < 0.05), both early (1%–24%, p < 0.05), and late (58%–98%, p < 0.05) phases of sideways falls, and the initial response phase of backward falls (1%–5%, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The central nervous system is characterized by high-amplitude activation patterns, which may reflect a response to unpredictable threats (MIF) compared to planned descents (SIF). These findings suggest the potential importance of direction-specific and timesensitive neuromuscular training to better prepare for real-world falls.
4,200원
10.
2026.04
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Background: Hip abductor muscles play a critical role in stabilizing the pelvis during functional activities. A decline in hip abductor strength is associated with impaired balance and an increased risk of falls, particularly in elderly females who experience physiological changes and age-related muscle loss. Although limb dominance has been proposed to influence lower extremity muscle strength in young adults, no studies have yet examined differences in hip abductor strength between the dominant and non-dominant limbs in elderly females. Furthermore, the relationship between hip abductor strength and self-reported functional ability, as measured by the Korean version of the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS), has not been investigated in this population. Objects: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between hip abductor strength and the Korean version of the LEFS and to compare hip abductor strength between the dominant and non-dominant limbs in elderly females. Methods: Sixty-seven elderly females were recruited from community centers. Hip abductor strength was measured using a Smart KEMA Pulling Sensor. The relationship between hip abductor strength and LEFS scores was analyzed using Spearman’s correlation coefficient, while a paired t-test was used to identify significant differences in strength between the dominant and non-dominant limbs. Results: Hip abductor strength in both the dominant limb (r = 0.355, p < 0.05) and in the non-dominant limb (r = 0.406, p < 0.05) showed a significant positive correlation with LEFS scores. No significant difference was found in hip abductor strength between the dominant and non-dominant limbs in elderly females (p > 0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that hip abductor strength should be considered an important factor influencing lower extremity functional ability, as assessed by the LEFS, in elderly females.
4,000원
11.
2026.04
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Background: Core stability exercises are widely applied in rehabilitation and training programs, but evidence regarding the effects of activation strategies and surface conditions on abdominal muscle recruitment during plank exercise remains inconsistent. Objects: This study aimed to investigate how different activation strategies (hollowing vs. bracing) and surface conditions (stable vs. unstable) influence selective activation of abdominal muscles during the plank exercise. Methods: Thirty-six healthy male adults in their 20s participated. Ultrasound imaging was used to measure the relative thickness of the transversus abdominis (TrA), internal oblique (IO), and external oblique (EO) under four randomized conditions: stable-hollowing, stable-bracing, unstable-hollowing, and unstable-bracing. Relative thickness was calculated as [(contraction – rest) ÷ rest] × 100. Data were analyzed using three-way repeated-measures ANOVA with Bonferroni comparison. Results: No significant three-way interaction was found (p = 0.840). However, a significant muscle × surface interaction indicated that TrA thickness increased more on a stable surface (p < 0.05), while IO and EO showed no difference. A significant muscle × strategy interaction revealed that hollowing induced greater relative thickness in all muscles, particularly in TrA, compared with bracing (p < 0.001). No significant strategy × surface interaction was observed (p = 0.512). Conclusion: Abdominal hollowing and a stable surface independently enhanced TrA thickness during plank exercise. These findings suggest that stable-surface plank exercise with hollowing is an effective strategy for selectively recruiting deep abdominal muscles, providing practical implications for clinical and sports settings. These findings may be specific to anklesling– induced instability and may not extend to other types of unstable surfaces.
4,000원
12.
2026.04
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Background: Performance-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMD) are highly prevalent among flutists, largely due to the instrument’s markedly asymmetrical posture and sustained upper-extremity loading. Prior research consistently shows localized pain in the neck, thoracic paraspinal, shoulders, wrists, and hands, underscoring the need for flute specific epidemiologic data to better characterize this elevated musculoskeletal risk. Objects: This study examined their associations with performance-related parameters and PRMD to inform evidence-based preventive and rehabilitative strategies in elite female flutists. Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated 35 professional female flutists using a structured questionnaire that assessed performance characteristics, upper extremity function, and regional musculoskeletal symptoms. Group comparisons of pain intensity were examined by t-tests and one-way ANOVA. Results: Flutists showed the greatest pain intensity in both side of upper trapezius, whereas most other regions demonstrated minimal pain. Late starters exhibited significantly higher pain in major upper-body regions, including the upper trapezius, rhomboids. Longer professional career duration was associated with higher pain intensity in the left upper trapezius, left lateral elbow, and mid-lumbar region (all p < 0.05), but not in other body sites (all p > 0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that elite female flutists exhibit a pronounced concentration of PRMD in shoulder regions especially, the upper trapezius of elite female flutists and stated that later initiation of flute training and longer professional career duration significantly increased pain intensity across multiple upper-body sites. These findings indicate that PRMD risk is primarily driven by the interaction between asymmetric postural demands and cumulative occupational load, emphasizing the importance of early posture focused training and targeted preventive strategies.
4,000원
