The purpose of this study is to examine the standard scale of measuring a block of Kyongju(慶州), the Capital of the Silla Dynasty(B.C.57~A.D.935). Through the study, it is clarified that 1). the block of Kyongju city is planned and divided by using the eight-Zhou-foot(周尺) as a standard scale, which is equivalent to the length of one-bo(보(步); 2). the distance between the center of the streets is around 100 bo and the width of the block is around 90 bo; 3). the distance between the streets is very near to the distance 167.054m of Jing-tian-zhi(井田制), which supports the use of Zhou-foot as a standard scale. As a result, it can be maintained that the city planning of Kyongju is related to that the Jing-tian-zhi of the Zhou Dynasty and the standard scale of measuring a block of Kyongju us executed by using the eight-Zhou-foot standard scale.
In the time of the rule of Japanese imperialism, Japanese style official residence played major role at the implantation of modern dwellings into Korea and its influences on Korean modern dwellings are distinguishable. This study focuses on the Japanese style official residence implanted into Korea before 1910. Before 1910 Japanese civilians in Korea builded just a traditional Japanese dwellings at the Japanese settlement in the ports opened. But Japanese engineers engaged in governmental organization of construction in the Old-Korean Empire builded a central corridor type Japanese dwellings as official residence. The central corridor type Japanese dwelling was an urban dwelling compromised between Japanese style and western style and distinguished by an outer-court type plan, Japanese entrance hall, central corridor and western style reception room. It is certified that the central corridor type Japanese dwelling was implanted into Korea before 1910 and this was the first time an urban dwelling to be implanted and spread through the whole Korea. The central corridor type Japanese dwelling implanted into Korea took in On-Dol and transformed to Korea-Japanese eclectic style. The central corridor type Japanese dwellings implanted into Korea in the time of the rule of Japanese imperialism makes function as a precedent of a modern urban dwelling to Korean and makes Korean dwellings transform from the rural inner court type into the urban outer court type.
Architecture is a shelter for society whose social pattern requires a specific form to accord with its material and spiritual needs. Providing a truly acceptable architecture requires our deeper understanding of cultural tradition - mythic values - not only because myth is an interpreted and configured form of 'thing' through man's second nature, such as his subjective and objective consciousness -'self-revelation of the absolute'- but also because, in the world of mythical imagination, a fragment of substantial reality -'thing'- becomes an equivalent mode to the signification, and emerges as 'its independent spiritual form' and 'the characteristic force of the logos.' In this sense, myth of place and myth behind tectonic form are the most essential sources for comprehending people's relationship to the world of inner and conscious experience. The recent efforts of modern architects to achieve cultural continuity should begin with re-interpretation and configulation of the myths behind describable material culture, especially artistic imagination inspired by deeper understanding of the myth of place. Myth provide artists with a creative inspiration, as they did in the past.
The 1960s is a transitional era in the history of architecture. The Byker housing redevelopment project well reflects this situation, and is a good example of materialization of social pluralism and expressional needs of a community. Therefore it was investigated in order to see its meanings in the history of mass housing in the Western countries. The conclusions are as follows: It is the first large-scale project where the concept of user participation was sucessfully realized; It suggested various tools of desirable design methodology; It made a paradigmatic change from modernism to post-modernism in the history of contemporary mass housing projects.