This study analyzed the quality characteristics of 12 indigenous soybean lines cultivated in Goesan, Chungbuk province, focusing on their proximate composition, antioxidant activities, and isoflavone content. Proximate composition varied significantly among lines: moisture (4.92-12.87%), crude ash (3.79-5.98%), crude protein (15.24-39.60%), crude lipid (1.08-30.40%), and carbohydrate (34.31-65.43%). Jinunikong exhibited the highest crude protein content (39.60%), while Hayanultarikong had the lowest (15.24%). Ajukkaribamkong (brown) contained the highest crude lipid content (30.40%). Napdegikong demonstrated the highest antioxidant activities, with peak values in total polyphenol (843.79 mg%), total flavonoid (508.98 mg%), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6- sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging (97.20%), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging (85.92%). In contrast, Hayanultarikong and Ajukkaribamkong (brown) showed the lowest antioxidant activities, with no significant difference between them. Malonyl daidzin and malonyl genistin were the predominant isoflavones. Namdojangkong had the highest levels of these compounds (92.80 and 179.85 mg/100g, respectively). However, no isoflavones were detected in Hayanultarikong, Ajukkaribamkong (brown), and Eollukgangnangkong. Correlation analysis revealed positive relationships among crude protein, antioxidant activities, polyphenols, flavonoids, and isoflavones, while negative correlations were observed with carbohydrate content. These findings provide fundamental data on the physicochemical and functional properties of Chungbuk indigenous soybeans, confirming their potential as valuable genetic resources for functional food development and cultivar improvement.
This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of pork-derived digestive hydrolysates and explore their underlying mechanisms. Pork meat was subjected to simulated gastrointestinal digestion and fractionated into different molecular weight fractions. Cytotoxicity assessment using RAW264.7 macrophages revealed no significant cytotoxic effects in any of the treatment groups. Treatment with pork hydrolysates significantly reduced the production of nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, both mRNA and protein expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were markedly suppressed, with the <5 kDa fraction showing the most pronounced effects. Furthermore, the hydrolysates significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), specifically c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38, indicating the regulation of inflammatory signaling pathways. Taken together, these results suggest that pork-derived digestive hydrolysates, particularly the low-molecular-weight fraction (<5 kDa), may exhibit anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing MAPK signaling pathways and downstream inflammatory mediators. These findings suggest that pork-derived hydrolysates, particularly the low-molecular-weight fraction (<5 kDa), may possess in vitro anti-inflammatory potential through the modulation of inflammatory signaling pathways.
This study investigated the effects of social media influencer imitation on body esteem and eating attitudes among women in their 20s and 30s. The aim was to inform healthy weight management and nutrition education in SNS environments. An online survey of 200 women aged 20–39 was conducted from January 16-20, 2026. Data were analyzed using SPSS 28.0 and AMOS, employing factor analysis, reliability testing, and structural equation modeling.Results showed that appearance-related imitation was the most prevalent, accompanied by negative body perception and a prominent fear of weight gain. Imitation behaviors did not significantly impact body esteem. However, cognitive imitation increased body distortion, dieting, and inappropriate eating, while behavioral imitation specifically affected body distortion. Conversely, higher body esteem reduced all eating-related risk factors. The findings suggest that cognitive imitation may elevate risk, whereas body esteem serves as a protective factor. This highlights the importance of educational interventions promoting critical SNS use and positive body image.
This study investigated how extraction temperature (60, 90, and 120℃) affected the yield and functional properties of mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) larvae oil (MO). Extraction yield was comparable at 60 and 90℃ but declined at 120℃, while oil purity consistently exceeded 99.5%. MO was rich in unsaturated fatty acids, especially oleic and linoleic acids, with the highest total unsaturated fatty acid content observed at 90℃. Tocopherol content peaked at 60℃, suggesting temperature-sensitive preservation of these bioactive compounds. Antioxidant activity was greatest at 90℃ and correlated with flavonoid content. Oxidative stability during storage was enhanced at 4℃ but diminished at 25℃, with higher antioxidant levels improving this stability. MO demonstrated dose-dependent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Cutibacterium acnes. Furthermore, MO showed no cytotoxicity in RAW 264.7 cells and significantly inhibited both nitric oxide production and tyrosinase activity. These findings indicate that MO holds promise as a functional ingredient for food and cosmetic applications, with 90℃ being optimal for overall functionality and 60℃ for maximizing tocopherol preservation.
This study aimed to improve the industrial utility of defatted perilla seed residue (DPSR), a byproduct of perilla oil extraction. To maximize the release of DPSR's bioactive compounds, we prepared extracts using single or combined treatments of protease, cellulase, and pectinase, and then evaluated their physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities. All enzyme treatments significantly increased the content of soluble solids and reducing sugars compared to the control, with pectinase treatment yielding the highest sugar content. The pH values of all enzyme-treated groups were lower than the control. Regarding antioxidant components, groups treated with protease demonstrated exceptional efficiency. Ascorbic acid and total polyphenol content were most effectively extracted with protease alone, while the highest flavonoid content was achieved through complex enzyme treatment. The increase in these bioactive components directly correlated with improved radical scavenging activities. Specifically, a mixture of protease and cellulase exhibited the most potent DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities. Correlation analysis revealed a strong positive relationship between antioxidant components and activity indices, with a notably high correlation coefficient of 0.9684 between polyphenol content and ascorbic acid.
This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the physicochemical and functional properties of Aspergillus oryzae and Rhizopus oryzae as potential alternative protein sources. Crude protein content, microstructure, pH, color, antioxidant activity, and emulsifying properties were analyzed. The crude protein content of A. oryzae was significantly higher than that of R. oryzae after freeze-drying (p<0.05), and like that of commercially available freeze-dried Fusarium venenatum. Optical microscopy revealed intertwined thin fibrous networks in both strains, regardless of freeze-drying, suggesting a meat-like structure. The pH of A. oryzae was higher than that of R. oryzae both before and after freeze-drying, and both mycelia showed significantly lower pH values after freeze-drying (p<0.05). For color, only the L* (lightness) value increased significantly after freeze-drying in both strains (p<0.05). In antioxidant assays, R. oryzae showed significantly higher DPPH radical-scavenging activity and reducing power than A. oryzae (p<0.05). For emulsifying properties, A. oryzae showed a higher emulsifying activity index (EAI), whereas R. oryzae showed a higher emulsifying stability index (ESI). These results suggest that A. oryzae and R. oryzae have potential as alternative protein sources and provide fundamental information for future mycoprotein applications.